The Drowning Pool

Last updated
The Drowning Pool
TheDrowningPool.jpg
First edition
Author Ross Macdonald
Cover artistBill English
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Series Lew Archer
Genre Mystery novel
Publisher Knopf
Publication date
1950
Media typePrint (Hardcover, Paperback)
ISBN 0-679-76806-8
OCLC 35172920
813/.52 20
LC Class PS3525.I486 D75 1996
Preceded by The Moving Target  
Followed by The Way Some People Die  

The Drowning Pool is a 1950 mystery novel by American writer Ross Macdonald, then writing under the name John Ross Macdonald (and simply John Macdonald in the UK). It is his second book in the series revolving around the cases of private detective Lew Archer and was published by Alfred A. Knopf in the US and in 1952 by Cassell in the UK. [1]

Contents

Plot

Archer is hired by Maude Slocum to investigate a libellous letter accusing her of adultery. He begins his enquiry at the Californian town of Quinto, north of Los Angeles, where the Slocums live on a mesa above the seedy oil-boom town of Nopal Valley on the other side. Also in the house live Maude's mother-in-law Olivia, who holds the family's financial reins, as well as her effeminate son James, Maude's husband, and their vulnerable teenage daughter Cathy.

At a party to which he gets himself invited, Archer becomes aware of the tensions in the family, especially after the recent arrival of Francis Marvell, English author of the play in which Slocum is acting at the local theatre. Also present is Ralph Knudson, the Valley police chief, who only adds to the uneasiness.

When Archer drives away, he gives a lift to Pat Reavis, the Slocums' fantasist chauffeur, and goes for a drink with him in Nopal Valley. While still in the town, Archer is apprehended and escorted back to the Slocum residence as a murder suspect by the belligerent Detective Sergeant Franks. In his absence, Olivia Slocum had been drowned in her swimming pool, but suspicion finally falls on Reavis instead.

Archer discovers where Reavis has an apartment in Los Angeles and that his true name is Patrick Ryan, but is caught going through his papers and knocked out. Following a lead, however, he locates Reavis' sister Elaine in Las Vegas. Trailing her to Reavis' hideout, Archer forces him at gunpoint to drive back to California. Just before they get to Nopal Valley, however, they are ambushed by a party of masked men who gun Reavis down and burn his body.

Archer now establishes that the corrupt Detective Sergeant Franks has been working for Walter Kilbourne, owner of the local oil company. In the past the company had surveyed the Slocum property and made a bid for it that had been refused by Olivia. But by the time Archer makes it back to the Slocum residence, Maude has poisoned herself with strychnine. When Knudson arrives, Archer tells him that Franks was the informant responsible for the death of Reavis. Knudson threatens to have Archer arrested unless he agrees to drop the case.

Kilbourne's wife Mavis now telephones Archer and asks him to meet her at the pier in Quinto. She wants to have her husband arrested for his complicity in the murder of Reavis, but Kilbourne comes in by speedboat and abducts Archer. Having failed to bribe him to stay silent, Kilbourne turns Archer over to his criminal associate Melliotes to torture him in a private hydrotherapy clinic. Archer barely escapes with his life and locates Mavis there, who in turn shoots Kilbourne, expecting Archer to help her escape to Mexico. Instead he persuades her to turn herself in and plead self-defence.

After meeting an old friend of Maude Slocum's, Archer learns that she had an affair with Knudson while at university, but they could not marry. When she became pregnant, Maude agreed to marry Slocum, who was a closet homosexual and needed to hide it. When Archer next visits the house, Slocum tells him that he is convinced Maude had murdered his mother. Leaving him to the future care of Francis Marvell, Archer confronts Cathy, who confesses that she had murdered her supposed grandmother in a muddled attempt to restore family harmony.

When Knudson discovers Archer back at the house, the two men fight and Knudson loses. Deciding that too many people have died already, Archer lets Cathy leave for Chicago uncharged and in the care of her real father.

Genre

Macdonald was consciously aiming at the hardboiled fiction market in this novel, which features a good deal of gratuitous violence, rather than the psychological investigations which later became the speciality of his private investigator, Lew Archer. But in his introduction to a later edition, John Banville sees Macdonald's eventual signature themes already waiting in the wings. "There is hardly a character in the book without something to hide from his or her past." [2] Seeing the character’s potential, himself, Macdonald commented to his publisher, Alfred Knopf, that "I have an idea that Archer as he becomes well known will do quite well for both of us" while measuring his own performance against Raymond Chandler's. [3]

The Drowning Pool was also included by Drewey Wayne Gunn in his survey of Gay American Novels, describing James Slocum as "a stereotypical gay man [who plays] a very small but catalytic role". [4] Slocum's companion, the gay playwright Francis Marvell, with his stringy neck and bobbing Adam's apple, is claimed to be based on W. H. Auden, Macdonald's former professor at the University of Michigan in 1938 [5]

Reception

The New York Times called the book "a fast moving, smoothly written first rate whodunit" [6] and named it one of the top mysteries of 1950. [7]

The later 1975 movie The Drowning Pool was loosely based on the novel but made radical departures from the plot, particularly in moving the location to Louisiana.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mystery fiction</span> Fiction genre involving characters investigating and solving a mystery

Mystery is a fiction genre where the nature of an event, usually a murder or other crime, remains mysterious until the end of the story. Often within a closed circle of suspects, each suspect is usually provided with a credible motive and a reasonable opportunity for committing the crime. The central character is often a detective, who eventually solves the mystery by logical deduction from facts presented to the reader. Some mystery books are non-fiction. Mystery fiction can be detective stories in which the emphasis is on the puzzle or suspense element and its logical solution such as a whodunit. Mystery fiction can be contrasted with hardboiled detective stories, which focus on action and gritty realism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ross Macdonald</span> American writer (1915–1983)

Ross Macdonald was the main pseudonym used by the American-Canadian writer of crime fiction Kenneth Millar. He is best known for his series of hardboiled novels set in Southern California and featuring private detective Lew Archer. Since the 1970s, Macdonald's works have received attention in academic circles for their psychological depth, sense of place, use of language, sophisticated imagery and integration of philosophy into genre fiction. Brought up in the province of Ontario, Canada, Macdonald eventually settled in the state of California, where he died in 1983.

Lew Archer is a fictional character created by American-Canadian writer Ross Macdonald. Archer is a private detective working in Southern California. Between the late 1940s and the early '70s, the character appeared in 18 novels and a handful of shorter works as well as several film and television adaptations. Macdonald's Archer novels have been praised for building on the foundations of hardboiled fiction by introducing more literary themes and psychological depth to the genre. Critic John Leonard declared that Macdonald had surpassed the limits of crime fiction to become "a major American novelist" while author Eudora Welty was a fan of the series and carried on a lengthy correspondence with Macdonald. The editors of Thrilling Detective wrote: "The greatest P.I. series ever written? Probably."

Gaylord Larsen is an American crime writer.

<i>The Moving Target</i>

The Moving Target is a detective novel by writer Ross Macdonald, first published by Alfred A. Knopf in April 1949.

<i>Blue City</i> (novel)

Blue City is a thriller written in 1947 by Ross Macdonald. The novel was originally released under his real name, Kenneth Millar, by Alfred A. Knopf, while a condensed version was serialized in the August and September 1950 issues of Esquire.

<i>The Way Some People Die</i>

The Way Some People Die is a detective mystery published, under the author's then pseudonym of John Ross Macdonald, by Alfred A. Knopf in 1951. It is Ross Macdonald's third book to feature his private eye Lew Archer. The plot centres on the activities of heroin-traffickers, a form of criminality which Macdonald particularly despised.

<i>The Three Roads</i>

The Three Roads, published in 1948, was the fourth novel by Kenneth Millar, and the final one using his real name before he started writing detective novels, ultimately using his later pseudonym, Ross Macdonald. In its use of psychological motifs and a Californian setting, The Three Roads anticipates Macdonald's later fiction.

<i>The Drowning Pool</i> (film) 1975 film by Stuart Rosenberg

The Drowning Pool is a 1975 American thriller film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, and based upon Ross Macdonald's novel of the same name. The film stars Paul Newman, Joanne Woodward, and Anthony Franciosa, and is a loose sequel to Harper. The setting is shifted from California to Louisiana.

<i>Harper</i> (film) 1966 film by Jack Smight

Harper is a 1966 American mystery film based on Ross Macdonald's 1949 novel The Moving Target and adapted for the screen by novelist William Goldman, who admired MacDonald's writings. The film stars Paul Newman as Lew Harper, and was directed by Jack Smight, with a cast that includes Robert Wagner, Julie Harris, Janet Leigh, Shelley Winters, Lauren Bacall, and Arthur Hill.

<i>The Galton Case</i> 1959 novel

The Galton Case is the eighth novel in the Lew Archer series by Ross Macdonald. It was published in the US in 1959 by Knopf and in 1960 by Cassel & Co in the UK. The book has been widely translated, although the title has been changed in some cases to highlight other aspects of the story. In French it appeared as Un Mortel Air De Famille ; in Turkish as Ölmek Yasak ; in Finnish as Rouva Galtonin perillinen ; and in Italian as Il ragazzo senza storia. Macdonald thought that with this novel he found his own voice as a writer.

<i>The Doomsters</i> Novel by Ross Macdonald

The Doomsters is a 1958 mystery novel by American writer Ross Macdonald, the seventh book in his Lew Archer series.

<i>Find a Victim</i> Novel

Find a Victim is a novel by Canadian-American author Ross Macdonald, the fifth in a series featuring detective Lew Archer. It was published as a Borzoi Book by Alfred A. Knopf in 1954 and mass marketed by Bantam Books in the following year. The first British hardback was published in Cassell & Company's Crime Connoisseur series in 1955, the same year that a French translation appeared as Vous qui entrez ici. At this period the author was writing under the name John Ross Macdonald and was also identified as Kenneth Millar on the Knopf dust jacket.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Ivory Grin</span> 1952 novel by Ross Macdonald

The Ivory Grin is Ross Macdonald's fourth Lew Archer detective novel, published in April 1952. Like most of Macdonald's, the plot is complicated and takes place mostly in out of the way Californian locations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Barbarous Coast</span>

The Barbarous Coast is a 1956 detective novel by Canadian-American author Ross Macdonald, the sixth to feature private investigator Lew Archer and his eleventh novel overall. It was published by Alfred A. Knopf in hardcover, and by Bantam Books as a paperback. The plot follows Archer's attempt to locate a missing young woman who is associated with an upscale country club. The novel takes an acid view of Southern California society that foreshadows Macdonald's later treatment of cross-generational deterministic themes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Name Is Archer</span> Short Stories

The Name Is Archer is a collection of short stories written by Ross Macdonald and featuring his detective hero, Lew Archer. Originally compiled in 1955 and published under the name John Ross Macdonald, more stories were added in later collections under different titles.

<i>Meet Me at the Morgue</i>

Meet Me at the Morgue is the ninth novel completed by Ross Macdonald. Credited at the time to John Ross Macdonald, it was published in 1953 by A. A. Knopf and released as a paperback by Pocket Books the following year. In that year too the book was published by Cassell & Co in the UK under the title Experience with Evil. There had been disagreement over the novel's original title. Knopf turned down Macdonald's suggestion of Message from Hell and Macdonald turned down the suggestion of The Convenient Corpse from Pocket Books.

<i>The Chill</i> (Macdonald novel)

The Chill is Ross Macdonald's eleventh Lew Archer novel, published by Alfred A. Knopf in their Borzoi series in 1964. Macdonald's reputation was now growing and the front cover bore the announcement "a new novel by the author of The Zebra Striped Hearse", which had been well received. After the book was published by Collins Publishers in the UK that year, it went on to gain the Silver Dagger award for 1964 from the British Crime Writers Association. A French translation also appeared in 1964, followed by a Danish translation the following year and an Italian translation in 1967.

<i>The Wycherly Woman</i> 1961 novel

The Wycherly Woman is a detective novel by Ross Macdonald. The ninth to feature Lew Archer, it was published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1961. Earlier that year a condensed version had appeared in Cosmopolitan under the title "Take My Daughter Home". The novel was nominated for the 1962 Edgar Awards, and earlier included in Anthony Boucher’s best crime fiction list of 1961.

<i>The Far Side of the Dollar</i> Novel by Ross Macdonald

The Far Side of the Dollar is the 12th detective novel by Ross Macdonald to feature his private eye, Lew Archer. A condensed version was published by Cosmopolitan in 1964; in 1965 the full version appeared in the US from Alfred A. Knopf and in the UK from Collins Publishers.

References

  1. Peter Harrington, London
  2. The Drowning Pool, Penguin Classics, 2012
  3. Tom Nolan, Ross Macdonald: A Biography, Scribner, 1999, p. 113)
  4. Drewey Wayne Gunn, Gay American Novels, 1850-1970, McFarland & Co., 2016, pp. 44-5
  5. Tom Nolan, "Claude was doing all right: homosexuality, hard-boiled crime fiction and the evolution of Ross Macdonald", Murder in the Closet, McFarland & Co., 2017, p. 220
  6. "Criminals At Large: Duff Lays It On Death by Drowning Speeding to Nowhere Hot Rocks Trillium". New York Times. Sep 10, 1950. p. 219.
  7. "Best Mysteries of 1950". New York Times. Dec 3, 1950. p. BR30.