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The Pregnant King is a 2008 book by Devdutt Pattanaik. It follows the story of Yuvanashva, a childless king, who accidentally drinks a fertility aid intended for his queens. It is set in the backdrop of the Mahabharata and makes references to characters and incidents in the battle of Kurukshetra as well as the Ramayana .
Pattanaik had previously written several books on myths and rituals, but The Pregnant King is his first work of fiction. It is a retelling of the Yuvanashva sub-story within the Mahabharata, combined with original fiction. The novel examines gender roles, the blurring of lines between parental duties and the malleability of Dharma to fit a given situation.
King Yuvanashva is the well liked ruler of Vallabhi: an obedient son, a devoted husband who aspires to be just towards all and uphold Dharma in his kingdom. The epic battle of Kurukshetra is imminent but the king's mother, Shilavati, refuses to consent to war until Yuvanashva sires an heir. Despite all efforts, no child is born, and the king seeks the help of the two Siddhis, Yaja and Upayaja. Yuvanahva seemingly unintentionally drinks the potion they craft for his wives and ends up pregnant himself. The incident is hidden from all but his wife, Shilavati and Asanga, the healer. After the child, Mandhata, is born, he successfully impregnates his second wife, Pulomi. Yuvanashva, who has lived his whole life by the code of Dharma, begins to question his gender identity and longs to be called "mother" by his son.
Woven throughout are the stories of other characters who subvert expectations for gender and sexuality. Shilavati was widowed at a young age and became regent but, as a woman, was not permitted to keep the throne. Somvat and Sumedha, two childhood friends, decide to get married despite being men. Sthunakarna, a yaksha, temporarily gives up his manhood for the prince Shikhandi. Arjuna, the great warrior with many wives, is castrated and forced to masquerade as a eunuch. Adi-natha, the teacher of teachers, is worshipped as a hermit by Yaja and an enchantress by Upayaja. Ileshwar Mahadev becomes a God on full moon days and a Goddess on new moon nights.
The book was adapted into a 2015 play, Flesh, by director and script writer Kaushik Bose, produced by Theatreworms Productions. [1]
Bhima, also known as Bhimasena, is a divine hero and one of the most prominent figures in the Hindu epic Mahabharata, renowned for his incredible strength, fierce loyalty, and key role in the epic's narrative. As the second of the five Pandava brothers, Bhima was born to Kunti—the wife of King Pandu—through the blessings of Vayu, the wind god, which bestowed upon him superhuman strength from birth. His rivalry with the Kauravas, especially Duryodhana, defined much of his life, with this tension ultimately erupting in the Kurukshetra War, where Bhima killed all hundred Kaurava brothers.
Kaurava is a Sanskrit term which refers to descendants of Kuru, a legendary king of India who is the ancestor of many of the characters of the epic Mahabharata. Usually, the term is used for the 100 sons of King Dhritarashtra and his wife Gandhari. Duryodhana, Dushasana, Vikarna and Chitrasena are the most popular among the brothers. They also had a sister named Dussala and a half-brother named Yuyutsu.
Draupadi, also referred to as Krishnā, Panchali, and Yajnaseni, is the main female protagonist of the ancient Indian epic Mahabharata, and the wife of the five Pandava brothers—Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva. She is noted for her beauty, courage, and polyandrous marriage.
Bhishma, also known as Pitamaha, Gangaputra, and Devavrata, is a central figure in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. He was a prince, statesman, and military commander of the ancient Kuru Kingdom. Renowned for his wisdom, valor, and unwavering principles, Bhishma served as the supreme commander of the Kaurava forces during the Kurukshetra War.
Abhimanyu is a warrior in the Hindu epic Mahābhārata. He was a young and valiant warrior of the Kuru lineage, born to Arjuna—the third Pandava brother—and Subhadra—the sister of the deities Krishna and Balarama. He was also one of the few individuals, along with his father, who knew the technique to enter the Chakravyuha, a powerful military formation. Abhimanyu was raised by his maternal family in Dvārakā because the Pandavas had been exiled for thirteen years by their cousins, the Kauravas. After his father's return, his marriage was arranged with Uttarā, the princess of the Matsya Kingdom.
Gandhari is a prominent figure in the Hindu epic the Mahabharata. She is the daughter of King Subala, the ruler of Gandhara, and becomes the wife of Dhritarashtra, the blind king of Kuru Kingdom. In a remarkable act of solidarity, Gandhari blindfolds herself for life upon learning of her husband’s blindness, choosing to share his condition. Blessed by the god Shiva and the sage Vyasa, she bears one hundred sons through miraculous means, collectively known as the Kauravas, with her eldest, Duryodhana, becoming a key antagonist in the epic. Besides the hundred sons, she also has a daughter, Dushala. Although Gandhari possesses many virtues, she is unable to steer her sons away from their wrongdoings. The rivalry between the Kauravas and their cousins, the Pandavas, culminates in the devastating Kurukshetra war, which results in the destruction of the Kuru dynasty.
Karna, also known as Vasusena, Anga-Raja, Sutaputra and Radheya, is one of the major characters in the Hindu epic Mahābhārata. He is the son of Surya and princess Kunti. Kunti was granted the boon to bear a child with desired divine qualities from the gods and without much knowledge, Kunti invoked the sun god to confirm it if it was true indeed. Karna was secretly born to an unmarried Kunti in her teenage years, and fearing outrage and backlash from society over her premarital pregnancy, Kunti had to abandon the newly born Karna adrift in a basket on the Ganges. The basket is discovered floating on the Ganges River. He is adopted and raised by foster Suta parents named Radha and Adhiratha Nandana of the charioteer and poet profession working for king Dhritarashtra. Karna grows up to be an accomplished warrior of extraordinary abilities, a gifted speaker and becomes a loyal friend of Duryodhana. He is appointed the king of Anga (Bihar-Bengal) by Duryodhana. Karna joins the losing Duryodhana side of the Mahabharata war. He is a key antagonist who aims to kill Arjuna but dies in a battle with him during the Kurushetra war.
Droṇa, also referred to as Dronacharya, is a major character of the Hindu epic Mahabharata.
Dhritarashtra was a ruler of the ancient Kuru kingdom, featured as a central character in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. He is also attested in the Yajurveda, where he is acknowledged as the son of King Vichitravirya.
Drupada, also known as Yajnasena, is the king of the southern part of Panchala Kingdom, in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. He is the father of Draupadi, the epic's lead female character. In the Kurukshetra War as the head of 1 akshauhini army, Drupada fought from the side of his sons-in-law, the Pandavas, and was killed by his childhood friend and rival, Drona.
Yudhishthira also known as Dharmaraja, was the king of Indraprastha and later the King of Kuru Kingdom in the epic Mahabharata. He is the eldest among the five Pandavas, and is also one of the central characters of the epic.
Shikhandi is a character in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. Born as Shikhandini, daughter of Drupada, the King of Panchala, Shikhandi becomes male after agreeing to a sex exchange with a yaksha. He is the brother of Draupadi, the female protagonist of the epic, who is the common wife of the Pandavas.
Asi appears as a personification of the first weapon ever created according to Hindu epics. 'Asi' means 'sword'. A legend concerning Asi appears in the Shanti Parva book of the Mahabharata. In Rigvedic Sanskrit, Asi is still used as a term for a kind of sacrificial dagger or knife.
Kunti, born Pritha, was the queen of Kuru in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. Kunti was married to Pandu and is the mother of Karna, Yudhishthira, Bhima, and Arjuna. She is depicted to possess beauty, intelligence and shrewdness.
Bhoorishravas was a prince of a minor kingdom in the kingdom of Bahlika and played a role in the Mahabharata epic. Bhurishravas has many different spellings, including "Bhoorisravas(a)", "Bhurisravas(a)", "Bhurishravsa", etc.
In Hindu mythology, there are deities or heroes whose attributes or behavior can be interpreted as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBTQ) or have elements of gender variance and non-heterosexual sexuality. Traditional Hindu literary sources do not speak of homosexuality directly, but changes of sex, homoerotic encounters, and intersex or third gender characters are often found both in traditional religious narratives such as the Vedas, Mahabharata, Ramayana and Puranas as well as in regional folklore.
Besides the Ashtabharya, Krishna is described to have married several thousand women, he rescued from the demon Narakasura. The Bhagavata Purana and the Mahabharata state that 16,000 women were rescued, however the Vishnu Purana and the Harivamsa differ and set the number as 16,100. Generally all of them are unnamed, however many commentators of the Bhagavata Purana regard Rohini to be their leader, though such an explicit mention is not found in the scripture.
Bhanumati is folk name of the wife of Duryodhana—the main antagonist of the Hindu epic Mahabharata. In the epic itself, she is not given a name, and plays insignificant role. According to the Mahabharata, Duryodhana's wife was the daughter of King Chitrangada and the princess of Kalinga, who was forcefully abducted from her svayamvara by Duryodhana with the help of his friend Karna.
Details about marital life of Karna, one the prominent figures of the Hindu epic Mahabharata, is hardly provided in the narrative. His wives are unnamed and belonged to the Sūta community. In the Stri Parva of the epic, one of them is mentioned as the mother of Vrishasena and Sushena, the most prominent sons of Karna.