Theaflavin digallate

Theaflavin digallate

Names
Systematic IUPAC name 3-Hydroxy-5-oxo-1,8-bis[(2R,3R)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl]-5H-benzo[7]annulene-4,6-diyl bis(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate)
Other names TFDG TF-3 Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate
Identifiers
CAS Number	33377-72-9  N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	20019479  Y
PubChem CID	5748168
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00905107
InChI InChI=1S/C43H32O20/c44-17-7-23(46)21-12-29(52)39(60-32(21)9-17)14-1-19-20(40-30(53)13-22-24(47)8-18(45)10-33(22)61-40)11-31(54)41(63-43(59)16-4-27(50)37(56)28(51)5-16)35(19)38(57)34(6-14)62-42(58)15-2-25(48)36(55)26(49)3-15/h1-11,29-30,39-40,44-56H,12-13H2/t29-,30-,39-,40-/m1/s1 Y Key: FJYGFTHLNNSVPY-BBXLVSEPSA-N Y InChI=1/C43H32O20/c44-17-7-23(46)21-12-29(52)39(60-32(21)9-17)14-1-19-20(40-30(53)13-22-24(47)8-18(45)10-33(22)61-40)11-31(54)41(63-43(59)16-4-27(50)37(56)28(51)5-16)35(19)38(57)34(6-14)62-42(58)15-2-25(48)36(55)26(49)3-15/h1-11,29-30,39-40,44-56H,12-13H2/t29-,30-,39-,40-/m1/s1 Key: FJYGFTHLNNSVPY-BBXLVSEPBI
SMILES Oc1cc(cc(O)c1O)C(=O)Oc5c(O)cc([C@H]2Oc3cc(O)cc(O)c3C[C@H]2O)c6\C=C(/C=C(/OC(=O)c4cc(O)c(O)c(O)c4)C(=O)c56)[C@H]7Oc8cc(O)cc(O)c8C[C@H]7O
Properties
Chemical formula	C43H32O20
Molar mass	868.709 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Theaflavin digallate (TFDG) is an antioxidant natural phenol found in black tea, and a theaflavin derivative.

Health

• TFDG is a scavenger of superoxide in vitro , even more so than EGCG. ^[1]
• Tea polyphenols including TFDG reduce angiogenesis, ^[2] which is implicated in non-liquid cancers, an area of intense current research, by decreasing vascular endothelial growth factor production and receptor phosphorylation. ^{[3] [4]}
• TFDG inhibits activity of the enzyme 3CLpro in vitro. ^[5]

References

1. Lin, Jen-Kun; Chen, Ping-Chung; Ho, Chi-Tang; Lin-Shiau, Shoei-Yn (2000). "Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase and Suppression of Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species in HL-60 Cells by Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate, (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and Propyl Gallate". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 48 (7): 2736–2743. Bibcode:2000JAFC...48.2736L. doi:10.1021/jf000066d. PMID   10898615.
2. Leong, Hoyee; Mathur, Priya S.; Greene, Geoffrey L. (2009). "Green tea catechins inhibit angiogenesis through suppression of STAT3 activation". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. 117 (3): 505–515. doi:10.1007/s10549-008-0196-x. ISSN   0167-6806. PMC   3664280 . PMID   18821062.
3. Moyle, Christina W. A.; Cerezo, Ana B.; Winterbone, Mark S.; Hollands, Wendy J.; Alexeev, Yuri; Needs, Paul W.; Kroon, Paul A. (2015). "Potent inhibition of VEGFR-2 activation by tight binding of green tea epigallocatechin gallate and apple procyanidins to VEGF: Relevance to angiogenesis". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 59 (3): 401–412. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201400478. ISSN   1613-4125. PMC   4681316 . PMID   25546248.
4. Ann Beltz, Lisa; Kay Bayer, Diana; Lynn Moss, Amber; Mitchell Simet, Ira (2006-09-01). "Mechanisms of Cancer Prevention by Green and Black Tea Polyphenols" . Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 6 (5): 389–406. doi:10.2174/187152006778226468. PMID   17017850.
5. Chia-Nan Chen1, Coney P. C. Lin, Kuo-Kuei Huang, Wei-Cheng Chen, Hsin-Pang Hsieh, Po-Huang Liang and John T.-A. Hsu (2005). "Inhibition of SARS-CoV 3C-like Protease Activity by Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF3)". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2 (2): 209–215. doi:10.1093/ecam/neh081. PMC   1142193 . PMID   15937562.