Thecamonas trahens

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Thecamonas trahens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Class: Thecomonadea
Order: Apusomonadida
Family: Apusomonadidae
Genus: Thecamonas
Species:
T. trahens
Binomial name
Thecamonas trahens
Larsen & Patterson, 1990 [1]
Synonyms [1]

Amastigonas trahens

Thecamonas trahens is a single-celled eukaryotic organism belonging to the supergroup Opisthokonta and the lineage Apusomonadida, specifically within the high level group Amorphea. [2] Members of this family, known as apusomonads, are gliding heterotrophic protozoan zooflagellates that primarily feed on bacteria and other prokaryotes. [3] Their mode of nutrition and cellular morphology suggests a vital ecological role in microbial predation and nutrient cycling.

Contents

Taxonomy

Thecamonas trahens is a species within the family Apusomonadidae, which holds significant evolutionary interest due to its status as a sister taxon to the Opisthokonts—a group that includes animals, fungi, and certain protists. [2]

Ecology

Thecamonas trahens occurs in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments. It was initially isolated and cultured from marine benthic sites in tropical regions, suggesting an adaptability to a variety of ecological niches. [4] [5] In these environments, Thecamonas trahens primarily thrives by feeding on prokaryotic organisms, contributing to the microbial food web and influencing nutrient cycles. Additionally, Thecamonas trahens possesses genes associated with histidine kinases in cell signaling pathways, animal-like sodium channels, glycolytic mitochondrial metabolism, and calcium signaling—traits linked to the evolution of multicellularity. [6] [7] [8] The discovery of sodium channel analogs in Thecamonas suggests that voltage-gated Na⁺ channels may have evolved before the divergence of animals and fungi. [9] [10] Research on these genes could further illuminate the origins of multicellularity and the evolution of eukaryotes.

References

  1. 1 2 "Taxonomy browser (Thecamonas trahens)". NCBI taxonomy database. Retrieved 2024-12-06.
  2. 1 2 Brown, Matthew W.; Sharpe, Susan C.; Silberman, Jeffrey D.; Heiss, Aaron A.; Lang, B. Franz; Simpson, Alastair G. B.; Roger, Andrew J. (2013-10-22). "Phylogenomics demonstrates that breviate flagellates are related to opisthokonts and apusomonads". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 280 (1769) 20131755. doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.1755. PMC   3768317 . PMID   23986111.
  3. ↑ Heiss, Aaron A.; Walker, Giselle; Simpson, Alastair G. B. (2013-09-01). "The Microtubular Cytoskeleton of the Apusomonad Thecamonas, a Sister Lineage to the Opisthokonts" . Protist. 164 (5): 598–621. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2013.05.005. ISSN   1434-4610. PMID   23872341.
  4. ↑ Larsen, Jacob; Patterson, David J. (1990-08-01). "Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments" . Journal of Natural History. 24 (4): 801–937. Bibcode:1990JNatH..24..801L. doi:10.1080/00222939000770571. ISSN   0022-2933.
  5. ↑ Tikhonenkov, D. V.; Burkovsky, I. V.; Mazei, Yu. A. (2015-09-01). "Is there a relation between the distribution of heterotrophic flagellates and the zonation of a marine intertidal flat?" . Oceanology. 55 (5): 711–723. Bibcode:2015Ocgy...55..711T. doi:10.1134/S0001437015050173. ISSN   1531-8508.
  6. ↑ Kabbara, Samar; Hérivaux, Anaïs; Dugé de Bernonville, Thomas; Courdavault, Vincent; Clastre, Marc; Gastebois, Amandine; Osman, Marwan; Hamze, Monzer; Cock, J Mark; Schaap, Pauline; Papon, Nicolas (2018-09-25). "Diversity and Evolution of Sensor Histidine Kinases in Eukaryotes". Genome Biology and Evolution. 11 (1): 86–108. doi:10.1093/gbe/evy213. ISSN   1759-6653. PMC   6324907 . PMID   30252070.
  7. ↑ Cai, Xinjiang; Wang, Xiangbing; Clapham, David E. (October 2014). "Early Evolution of the Eukaryotic Ca2+ Signaling Machinery: Conservation of the CatSper Channel Complex". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 31 (10): 2735–2740. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu218. ISSN   1537-1719. PMC   4169769 . PMID   25063443.
  8. ↑ Nakayama, Takuro; Ishida, Ken-ichiro; Archibald, John M. (2012-12-20). "Broad Distribution of TPI-GAPDH Fusion Proteins among Eukaryotes: Evidence for Glycolytic Reactions in the Mitochondrion?". PLOS ONE. 7 (12) e52340. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...752340N. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052340 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   3527533 . PMID   23284996.
  9. ↑ Cai, Xinjiang (2012-02-01). "Ancient Origin of Four-Domain Voltage-gated Na+ Channels Predates the Divergence of Animals and Fungi" . The Journal of Membrane Biology. 245 (2): 117–123. doi:10.1007/s00232-012-9415-9. ISSN   1432-1424. PMID   22258316.
  10. ↑ Fux, Julia E.; Mehta, Amrit; Moffat, Jack; Spafford, J. David (2018-11-21). "Eukaryotic Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: On Their Origins, Asymmetries, Losses, Diversification and Adaptations". Frontiers in Physiology. 9 1406. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01406 . ISSN   1664-042X. PMC   6259924 . PMID   30519187.
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