Thorectidae

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Thorectidae
Scalarispongia 038.jpg
Scalarispongia scalaris
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Demospongiae
Order: Dictyoceratida
Family: Thorectidae
Bergquist, 1978 [1]

Thorectidae is a family of sea sponges in the order Dictyoceratida.

Contents

Genera

Related Research Articles

Demosponge A class of sponges in the phylum Porifera with spongin or silica spicules

Demosponges are the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera. They include 76.2% of all species of sponges with nearly 8,800 species worldwide. They are sponges with a soft body that covers a hard, often massive skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite. They are predominantly leuconoid in structure. Their "skeletons" are made of spicules consisting of fibers of the protein spongin, the mineral silica, or both. Where spicules of silica are present, they have a different shape from those in the otherwise similar glass sponges.

Dendroceratida Order of sponges

Dendroceratida is an order of sponges of the class Demospongiae. They are typically found in shallow coastal and tidal areas of most coasts around the world. They are generally characterized by concentric layers of fibers containing spongin, and by large flagellated chambers that open directly into the exhalant canals. Along with the Dictyoceratida, it is one of the two orders of demosponges that make up the keratose or "horny" sponges, in which a mineral skeleton is minimal or absent and a skeleton of organic spongin-containing fibers is present instead.

<i>Spongia</i> genus of sponges

Spongia is a genus of marine sponges in the family Spongiidae, originally described by Linnaeus in 1759, containing more than 60 species. Some species, including Spongia officinalis, are used as cleaning tools, but have mostly been replaced in that use by synthetic or plant material.

<i>Tethya</i> genus of sponges

Tethya is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Tethyidae. Members of this genus all have a spherical body form and some are known to be able to move at speeds of between 1 and 4 mm per day.

<i>Clathria</i> genus of sponges

Clathria is a large genus of demosponges in the family Microcionidae.

<i>Ircinia</i>

Ircinia is a genus of sea sponges in the family Irciniidae.

Irciniidae is a family of sea sponges in the order Dictyoceratida.

Darwinellidae Family of sponges

Darwinellidae is a family of sponges in the order Dendroceratida.

Dictyodendrillidae is a family of sponges in the order Dendroceratida.

<i>Amphimedon</i> (sponge) genus of sponges

Amphimedon is a genus of sponges with over 60 described species. In 2009, Amphimedon queenslandica was the first species of sponge to have its genome sequenced.

<i>Callyspongia</i> genus of sponges in the family Callyspongiidae

Callyspongia is a genus of demosponges in the family Callyspongiidae.

Neopetrosia proxima is a species of marine petrosiid sponge native to the tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean.

Dysidea arenaria is a species of marine sponge (poriferan) found in the Pacific Ocean. It is a member of the order Dictyoceratida, one of two sponge orders that make up the keratose or "horny" sponges in which a mineral skeleton is absent and a skeleton of organic fibers is present instead.

<i>Carteriospongia</i> genus of sponges

Carteriospongia is a genus of sea sponges in the family Thorectidae.

<i>Clathria <span style="font-style:normal;">(</span>Clathria<span style="font-style:normal;">)</span></i> subgenus of sponges

Clathria (Clathria) is a subgenus of demosponge in the family Microcionidae.

Amphoriscus is a genus of calcareous sponges in the family Amphoriscidae.

Citronia is a genus of sea sponges in the family Dysideidae. It consists of one species, Citronia vasiformis(Bergquist, 1995).

Smenospongia is a genus of demosponges in the family Thorectidae.

<i>Mycale</i> (genus) genus of sponges

Mycale is a genus of demosponge with 240 recognised species in 11 subgenera. It has been a large genus with multiple subdivisions since it was first described in 1867.

References

  1. 1 2 Bergquist, P. R. (1970). Sponges. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  2. ↑ Keller, C. (1889). Die Spongienfauna des rothen Meeres (1. Hälfte). Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 48, 311–405.
  3. ↑ Bergquist, P., Sorokin, S. & Karuso, P. (1999). Pushing the boundaries: a new genus and species of Dictyoceratida. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 44, 57–62.
  4. ↑ Hyatt, A. (1877). Revision of the North American Poriferæ; with Remarks upon Foreign Species. Boston: Society of Natural History.
  5. 1 2 3 Bergquist, P. R. (1960). A revision of the supraspecific classification of the orders Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, and Verongida (class Demospongiae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 7(4), 443–503.
  6. ↑ Ehlers, E. (1870). Die Esper'schen Spongien in der zoologischen Sammlung der K. Universität Erlangen. Programm zum Eintritt in den Senat der Königlichen Friedrich-Alexanders-Universität in Erlangen. Erlangen: Druck der Universitäts-Buchdruckerei von E. Th. Jacob.
  7. ↑ Bergquist, P. R., Ayling, A. M. & Wilkinson, C. R. (1988). Foliose Dictyoceratida of the Australian Great Barrier Reef. Marine Ecology, 9(4), 291–319.
  8. 1 2 von Lendenfeld, R. (1888). Descriptive Catalogue of the Spones in the Australian Museum, Sydney. London: Taylor and Francis.
  9. ↑ Schmidt, O. (1862). Die Spongien des Adriatischen Meeres. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
  10. ↑ Bergquist, P. R., Cambie, R. C. & Kernan, M. R. (1990). Scalarane sesterterpenes from Collospongia auris, a new thorectid sponge. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 18(5), 349–357.
  11. ↑ Bergquist, P. R. (1965). The sponges of Micronesia, Part I. The Palau Archipelago. Pacific Science, 19, 123–204.
  12. ↑ Burton, M. (1934). Sponges. Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928–29, Scientific Reports, 4, 513–621.
  13. ↑ Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1864). Spongiaires de la Mer Caraïbe. Haarlem: De Erven Loosjes.
  14. ↑ Thiele, J. (1899). Zoologica. Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gesammtgebiete der Zoologie. Stuttgart: Erwin Nägele.
  15. ↑ de Cook, S. C. & Bergquist, P. R. (2002). Family Thorectidae Bergquist, 1978. In Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest, R. W. N. (Eds.), Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Boston: Springer.
  16. ↑ Bergquist, P. R. (1995). Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, and Verongida from the New Caledonia lagoon (Porifera: Demospongiae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 38, 1–51.
  17. 1 2 de Cook, S. C. & Bergquist, P. R. (2000). Two new genera and five new species of the “Cacospongia” group (Porifera, Demospongiae, Dictyoceratida). Zoosystema, 22(2), 383–400.
  18. ↑ Wiedenmayer, F. (1977). Shallow-Water Sponges of the Western Bahamas. Basel: Springer Basel AG.
  19. ↑ Carter, H. J. (1882). New sponges, observations on old ones, and a proposed new group. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10(56), 106–125.
  20. ↑ von Lendenfeld, R. (1889). A monograph of the horny sponges. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Including Zoology, Botany, and Geology, 6(6), 418–423.
  21. ↑ Pulitzer-Finali, G. & Pronzato, R. (1999). Horny sponges from the north-eastern coast of Papua New Guinea, Bismark Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 79(4), 593–607.
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