Timeline of the Anglophone Crisis (2024)

Last updated May 18, 2024

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon during 2024.

January

On January 1, writing from the Kondengui Central Prison, Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe (the first president of Ambazonia) called for an end of the Ambazonian leadership crisis and unity among separatist factions.^[1]
On January 6, footage surfaced in which armed men claiming to be part of the Ambazonia Defence Forces (ADF) were torturing a civilian in Muyuka.^[2]
On January 9, Cameroonian forces raided a separatist hideout in Ewai. Cameroon claimed that at least five separatists were killed, while the separatists claimed to have suffered three dead. Hundreds of people fled Ewai during the raid.^[3]
On January 11, a gendarme officer shot a civilian dead in Mamfe.^[4]
On January 13, separatist figthers shot and tortured a civilian in Menchum, after accusing him of passing information to the Cameroonian military.^[5]
On January 21, it was confirmed that Cameroonian forces had captured top ADF commander "General Efang".^[6]
On January 24, suspected separatists burned a road construction equipment in Ndu.^[7]
On January 29, several people were feared dead and three vehicles were burned in a separatist attack in Buea.^[8]

February

On February 6, an official was abducted by unidentified kidnappers in Bamenda. He was rescued four hours later by the Cameroonian military.^[9]
On February 7, four civilians were killed by Cameroonian forces in Kumbo.^[10]
On February 11, one person was killed and dozens more, including children, were injured in an explosion during Youth Day celebrations in Nkambe.^[11]
On February 16–17, eight separatists were killed during military operations in the locality of Ayukaba.^[12] Two persons were killed during clashes in Banga Bakundu.^[13]
On February 21, one person was killed during clashes in Banga Bakundu.^[13]
On February 26, Cameroonian security forces detected and destroyed an improvised explosive device (IED) in Galim, West Region. According to local sources, separatists meant to target the Divisional Officer of Galim.^[14]

March

On March 9-11, a separatist commander known as Barack was killed by the Rapid Intervention Battalion during clashes near Batibo.^[15]
On March 12, two civilians were killed in a suspected separatist attack on a Brasseries du Cameroun truck in Bamenda.^[16]
On March 22–23, a local elected official was shot dead in Babessi, in an attack claimed by separatists.^[17]
On March 25, the Cameroonian military said it had killed at least seven separatist fighters in Tubah.^[18]
On March 27, Cameroonian forces carried out a series of raids against separatist hideouts in Big Babanki, Bamenda and Bambui. 13 separatist fighters were reported killed in Bambui, and "several" were killed in Big Babanki. Two separatist fighters were also killed in Jakiri.^[19]
On March 31, a separatist group called the Ribbons of Ambazonia announced that they had banned farming on Mondays in the Meme and Ndian divisions.^[20]

April

On April 4, a severed head was discovered at the Azire Old Church Junction in Bamenda. Witnessed said that it was dropped there by separatist fighters.^[21]
On April 10, Cameroonian forces set ablaze houses in three villages of the Bui Division and killed three civilians and one separatist fighter in Bamfem.^[22]
On April 15, separatist fighters abducted two teachers in Njap, Donga-Mantung.^[23]
On April 24, separatist general Desmond Koa (known as "General Mad Dog") was killed along with four of his fighters by the Rapid Intervention Brigade in Mbonge, Ndian.^[24]
On April 29, three men were reportedly killed and several others injured in an alleged separatist attack in Kumba.^[25] A locally made bomb exploded in Nkwen, Bamenda, causing no casualties. The attack was claimed by ADF leader, Ayaba Cho Lucas.^[26] Separatist fighters set fire to a bulldozer working on the Tugi-Bamenda road. A commercial motorcycle was also seized and set on fire by the fighters for violating ghost town.^[27]

May

On May 1, separatist fighters abducted 28 people (including eight children) from the Catholic Church of Bai Panya in Meme. A group calling itself the "Al-Qaeda Squad of Meme", led by "Field Marshall Lucifer", claimed responsibility. The group accused the abducted civilians of attempting to get birth certificates for the upcoming 2025 Cameroonian presidential election, and threatened to summarily execute them.^[28]
On May 4, former ADF spokesperson and Ambazonia People's Rights Advocacy Group President Capo Daniel called for an end of the armed struggle against Cameroon. The communiqué called for negotiations and a switch to nonviolent resistance, and for fighters to only use their weapons defensively pending an agreement.^[29]
On May 5, a separatist commander known as General Sagon was killed by Cameroonian forces along with two of his collaborators in Bamunka, Ndop.^[30] Three days later, separatists blocked the Bamenda-Ndop road in retaliation.^[31]
On May 7, the Black Lions of Bamali seized a gendarmerie truck in Ndop. The action was led by "General Kolambo".^[32]
On May 8, separatist fighters led by "Field Marshall Lucifer" captured and burned down a military post in Bomana, Meme.^[33]
On May 10, separatists killed six gendarmes in Eyumodjock, including a commander, and seized weapons and uniforms.^[34]^[35]
On May 12, a soldier from the Rapid Intervention Battalion reportedly shot at civilians in a Limbe nightclub, killing one and wounding two, in revenge for the killings of his fellow soldiers in Bamenda by separatist fighters.^[36]
On May 14, suspected separatist fighters raided a school in Ndu and abducted two teachers.^[37] Four people including two governement forces and two civilians were killed in a separatist attack in Bambui.^[38]
On May 15, ADF fighters attacked a school and burned materials.^[39]
On May 16, a brigade commander and a gendarme were killed in a separatist attack in Akwaya, Manyu.^[40]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anglophone Crisis</span> 2017–present separatist conflict in Cameroon

The Anglophone Crisis, also known as the Ambazonia War or the Cameroonian Civil War, is an ongoing armed conflict in Cameroon's English-speaking Northwest and Southwest regions between Cameroon Armed Forces and Ambazonian separatist groups, part of the long-standing Anglophone problem. Following the suppression of 2016–17 protests by Cameroonian authorities, separatists in the Anglophone regions launched a guerrilla campaign and later proclaimed independence. Within two months, the government of Cameroon declared war on the separatists and sent its army into the Anglophone regions.

The Ambazonia Defence Forces (ADF) are a military organization that fights for the independence of Ambazonia, a self-declared independent state in the Anglophone regions of the former Southern Cameroons, Cameroon. It was formally established by the Ambazonia Governing Council (AGovC) on 9 September 2017, the same day as the organization declared a war of independence.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis during 2017.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis during 2018.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis during 2019.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Southern Cameroons Defence Forces</span>

The Southern Cameroons Defence Forces is the armed wing of the African People's Liberation Movement, an Ambazonian separatist movement. It is led by Ebenezer Akwanga, who is based in the United States, Together with the Ambazonia Defence Forces, it was one of the most prominent militias fighting in the early Anglophone Crisis. It is mainly active in Meme and Fako.

Red Dragon is an Ambazonian separatist militia loyal to the Interim Government of Ambazonia, and is part of the Ambazonia Self-Defence Council. It was led by Lekeaka Oliver, and controlled most of Lebialem Division in the Southwest Region, driving away the traditional rulers and local administrators. The group was greatly weakened in 2022, with Oliver being killed.

Seven Karta is an Ambazonian separatist militia that is part of the Ambazonia Self-Defence Council.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis during 2020.

Operation Bamenda Clean is an ongoing Cameroonian special counter-insurgency operation in Bamenda, Northwest Region, aimed at preventing armed Ambazonian separatists from operating in the city. By January 2021, Cameroon was gradually achieving what a security analyst at the University of Yaoundé called "relative peace" in Bamenda, and the mayor of the city stated that the operation was succeeding. However, as of March 2021, separatist-imposed ghost towns remained widely respected by the local population, and separatists controlled most roads leading in and out of Bamenda.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis during 2021.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon during 2022.

Clement Mbashie, better known by his nom de guerre "General No Pity", is an Ambazonian separatist who commands several militant groups, most importantly the Bambalang Marine Forces and Bui Unity Warriors, in the Anglophone Crisis.

This is a timeline of the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon during 2023.

Between July 28 and 31, 2022, Cameroonian forces launched a localized offensive into the Ambazonian-controlled town of Bambui, in Northwest Region, Cameroon, sparking clashes with the separatist Ambazonia Defence Forces.

Operation Bui Clean, also called Operation Kumbo Clean or Operation Clean Kumbo, was a military offensive conducted by the Cameroon Armed Forces against Ambazonian separatists in Cameroon's Northwest Region from May to June 2021. The operation took place in the context of the Anglophone Crisis.

Ngong Emmanuel, better known by his pseudonym Capo Daniel, is an Ambazonian separatist and political activist who served as member of the Ambazonia Governing Council (AGovC) and deputy commander of the Ambazonia Defence Forces (ADF) until 2023. Following his resignation from the AGovC and ADF, fighters loyal to him formed the Ambazonia Dark Forces. In 2024, he called for an end to the armed struggle. Daniel has generally operated from exile in Hong Kong.

Ayuk Ndifon Defcam, better known by his pseudonym "General Transporter" or "General Transporter of Meme", was an Ambazonian rebel leader. Mainly active in Meme department of Cameroon, he reportedly led one of the larger separatist militias in the region until his death in battle.

References

↑ "Ambazonia leader calls for unity, peace between groups". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
↑ "Ambazonia Separatists Torture Civilian in Muyuka". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-01-06.
↑ "Ambazonia Separatists Torture Civilian in Muyuka". News Ghana. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
↑ "Outrage in Mamfe as Gendarme officer shoots woman dead". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
↑ "Amba fighters brutally attack man for alleged collaboration with military". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
↑ "Gov't forces capture ADF supreme commander". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-01-21.
↑ "Armed attackers burn down road construction equipment in Ndu". Mimi Mefo Info. 2024-01-25. Retrieved 2024-01-25.
↑ Mbunwe, Tata (2024-01-29). "Buea: Three vehicles burned, several feared dead in separatist attack". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
↑ Mbunwe, Tata (2024-02-07). "Kidnapped Cameroonian official released". Xinhua. Retrieved 2024-01-29.
↑ "Gov't forces kill 4 civilians in Kumbo". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-02-08.
↑ "Cameroon Blast Kills at Least One Person During Youth Day Event". Voice of America. 2024-02-12. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
↑ "Cameroun : huit séparatistes neutralisés dans le Sud-Ouest". Journalducameroun.com (in French). 2024-02-19. Retrieved 2024-02-19.
1 2 "Mbonge: One dies in separatist, military shootout". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
↑ "Galim: IED detected, destroyed by security elements". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-02-27.
↑ Essama, Joseph (2024-03-12). "Crise anglophone : le commandant séparatiste Barack tué par le BIR". Mimi Mefo Info (in French). Retrieved 2024-03-13.
↑ Bih, Kate (2024-03-13). "Separatist Attack on Brasseries Truck Leaves Two Dead". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-03-13.
↑ Ouest-France, AFP (2024-03-23). "Cameroun. Mort d'un élu local dans une attaque revendiquée par des séparatistes anglophones". ouest-france.fr (in French). Retrieved 2024-03-24.
↑ "7 separatist fighters killed in military offensive in Cameroon-Xinhua". english.news.cn. Retrieved 2024-03-27.
↑ "Military raids leave several separatist fighters dead". Mimi Mefo Info. 2024-03-29. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
↑ "Separatists impose 'no farming Mondays' in Meme, Ndian". Cameroon News Agency. 2024-03-31. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
↑ "Ambazonian Fighters Strike Again: Civilians Horrified by Gruesome Beheading in Bamenda". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
↑ "Gov't forces on rampage kill three civilians in Kumbo, burn houses". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
↑ "2 teachers abducted in Cameroon's restive Anglophone region". Xinhua. Retrieved 2024-04-15.
↑ "Ndian: Selfstyled general mad dog killed in military operation". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-04-24.
↑ "Three reported dead in Kumba gun shooting". Mimi Mefo Info. Mimi Mefo. 2024-04-30. Retrieved 2024-04-30.
↑ "Bamenda: No casualties reported in Separatist bomb blast". Mimi Mefo Info. Mimi Mefo. 2024-04-29. Retrieved 2024-04-30.
↑ "Separatist fighters burn bulldozer rehabilitating Tugi-Bamenda road". Mimi Mefo Info. Mimi Mefo. 2024-04-30. Retrieved 2024-04-30.
↑ "Whereabouts of 28, including women and children, unknown after abduction". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
↑ "Capo Daniel dumps Ambazonia armed struggle, embraces diplomacy". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
↑ "Separatist 'General,' two others killed in Ndop". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
↑ Mbunwe, Tata (2024-05-10). "Ambazonia fighters block Bamenda-Ndop road after killing of 'General Sagon'". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
↑ "Separatists Seize Gendarmerie Truck in Ndop". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
↑ "Ambazonian Separatists Burn Down Abandoned Military Post in Meme". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
↑ Mbunwe, Tata (2024-05-10). "Separatist fighters kill Gendarmerie commander, five officers in ambush". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-10.
↑ "Separatists ambush six government forces in Eyomujock". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
↑ "Revenge Shooting at Limbe Nightclub: Soldier Targets Civilians". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
↑ "2 teachers kidnapped in Cameroon's restive Anglophone region". Xinhua. Retrieved 2024-05-14.
↑ "Bambui: Separatist attack leaves two gov't forces, two civilians dead". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-15.
↑ "ADF fighters attack school, burn didactic materials, Cameroon Flag". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-17.
↑ "Brigade Commander, Gendarme die in fresh Amba attacks". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-17.

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[:0-1] "Ambazonia leader calls for unity, peace between groups". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-01-02.

[:1-2] "Ambazonia Separatists Torture Civilian in Muyuka". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-01-06.

[3] "Ambazonia Separatists Torture Civilian in Muyuka". News Ghana. Retrieved 2024-01-11.

[4] "Outrage in Mamfe as Gendarme officer shoots woman dead". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-01-11.

[5] "Amba fighters brutally attack man for alleged collaboration with military". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-01-14.

[6] "Gov't forces capture ADF supreme commander". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-01-21.

[7] "Armed attackers burn down road construction equipment in Ndu". Mimi Mefo Info. 2024-01-25. Retrieved 2024-01-25.

[8] Mbunwe, Tata (2024-01-29). "Buea: Three vehicles burned, several feared dead in separatist attack". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-01-29.

[9] Mbunwe, Tata (2024-02-07). "Kidnapped Cameroonian official released". Xinhua. Retrieved 2024-01-29.

[10] "Gov't forces kill 4 civilians in Kumbo". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-02-08.

[11] "Cameroon Blast Kills at Least One Person During Youth Day Event". Voice of America. 2024-02-12. Retrieved 2024-02-12.

[12] "Cameroun : huit séparatistes neutralisés dans le Sud-Ouest". Journalducameroun.com (in French). 2024-02-19. Retrieved 2024-02-19.

[cnafeb222024-13] 1 2 "Mbonge: One dies in separatist, military shootout". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-02-22.

[14] "Galim: IED detected, destroyed by security elements". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-02-27.

[15] Essama, Joseph (2024-03-12). "Crise anglophone : le commandant séparatiste Barack tué par le BIR". Mimi Mefo Info (in French). Retrieved 2024-03-13.

[16] Bih, Kate (2024-03-13). "Separatist Attack on Brasseries Truck Leaves Two Dead". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-03-13.

[17] Ouest-France, AFP (2024-03-23). "Cameroun. Mort d'un élu local dans une attaque revendiquée par des séparatistes anglophones". ouest-france.fr (in French). Retrieved 2024-03-24.

[18] "7 separatist fighters killed in military offensive in Cameroon-Xinhua". english.news.cn. Retrieved 2024-03-27.

[19] "Military raids leave several separatist fighters dead". Mimi Mefo Info. 2024-03-29. Retrieved 2024-03-29.

[20] "Separatists impose 'no farming Mondays' in Meme, Ndian". Cameroon News Agency. 2024-03-31. Retrieved 2024-03-31.

[21] "Ambazonian Fighters Strike Again: Civilians Horrified by Gruesome Beheading in Bamenda". Mimi Mefo. Retrieved 2024-04-04.

[22] "Gov't forces on rampage kill three civilians in Kumbo, burn houses". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-04-12.

[23] "2 teachers abducted in Cameroon's restive Anglophone region". Xinhua. Retrieved 2024-04-15.

[24] "Ndian: Selfstyled general mad dog killed in military operation". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-04-24.

[25] "Three reported dead in Kumba gun shooting". Mimi Mefo Info. Mimi Mefo. 2024-04-30. Retrieved 2024-04-30.

[26] "Bamenda: No casualties reported in Separatist bomb blast". Mimi Mefo Info. Mimi Mefo. 2024-04-29. Retrieved 2024-04-30.

[27] "Separatist fighters burn bulldozer rehabilitating Tugi-Bamenda road". Mimi Mefo Info. Mimi Mefo. 2024-04-30. Retrieved 2024-04-30.

[mimimefomay132024-28] "Whereabouts of 28, including women and children, unknown after abduction". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-14.

[29] "Capo Daniel dumps Ambazonia armed struggle, embraces diplomacy". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-06.

[30] "Separatist 'General,' two others killed in Ndop". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-05.

[31] Mbunwe, Tata (2024-05-10). "Ambazonia fighters block Bamenda-Ndop road after killing of 'General Sagon'". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-11.

[32] "Separatists Seize Gendarmerie Truck in Ndop". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-10.

[33] "Ambazonian Separatists Burn Down Abandoned Military Post in Meme". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-13.

[34] Mbunwe, Tata (2024-05-10). "Separatist fighters kill Gendarmerie commander, five officers in ambush". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-10.

[35] "Separatists ambush six government forces in Eyomujock". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-11.

[36] "Revenge Shooting at Limbe Nightclub: Soldier Targets Civilians". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-13.

[37] "2 teachers kidnapped in Cameroon's restive Anglophone region". Xinhua. Retrieved 2024-05-14.

[38] "Bambui: Separatist attack leaves two gov't forces, two civilians dead". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-15.

[39] "ADF fighters attack school, burn didactic materials, Cameroon Flag". Mimi Mefo Info. Retrieved 2024-05-17.

[40] "Brigade Commander, Gendarme die in fresh Amba attacks". Cameroon News Agency. Retrieved 2024-05-17.

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