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Penang Hokkien is a local variant of Hokkien spoken in Penang, Malaysia. It is spoken natively by 63.9% of Penang's Chinese community, and also by some Penangite Indians and Penangite Malays.
A kopitiam or kopi tiam is a type of coffee shop mostly found in parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei and Southern Thailand patronised for meals and beverages, and traditionally operated by the Chinese community of these countries. The word kopi is an Indonesian and Malay term for coffee and tiam is the Hokkien/Hakka term for shop. Traditional kopitiam menus typically feature simple offerings: a variety of foods based on egg, toast, kaya, plus coffee, tea, Horlicks and Milo. Modern kopitiams typically feature multiple food stalls that offer a wider range of foods.
Chan is a non-pinyin romanisation of multiple Chinese surnames, based on different varieties of Chinese.
Cài is a Chinese-language surname that derives from the name of the ancient Cai state. In 2019 it was the 38th most common surname in China, but the 9th most common in Taiwan, where it is usually romanized as "Tsai", "Tsay", or "Chai" and the 8th most common in Singapore, where it is usually romanized as "Chua", which is based on its Teochew and Hokkien pronunciation. Koreans use Chinese-derived family names and in Korean, Cai is 채 in Hangul, "Chae" in Revised Romanization, It is also a common name in Hong Kong where it is romanized as "Choy", "Choi" or "Tsoi". In Macau, it is spelled as "Choi". In Malaysia, it is romanized as "Choi" from the Cantonese pronunciation, and "Chua" or "Chuah" from the Hokkien or Teochew pronunciation. It is romanized in the Philippines as "Chua" or "Chuah", and in Thailand as "Chuo" (ฉั่ว). Moreover, it is also romanized in Cambodia as either "Chhay" or "Chhor" among people of full Chinese descent living in Cambodia and as “Tjhai”, "Tjoa" or "Chua" in Indonesia.
The romanisation of the Chinese language in Singapore is not dictated by a single policy, nor is its policy implementation consistent, as the local Chinese community is composed of a myriad of topolect groups. Although Hanyu Pinyin is adopted as the preferred romanisation system for Mandarin and the standard of Chinese education, the general lack of a romanisation standard for other Chinese varieties results in some level of inconsistency. This may be illustrated by the many variants for the same Chinese characters often found in surnames such as Low, Loh, Lo; Tay, Teh; Teo, Teoh; Yong, Yeong.
Yeo is a Chinese, English, and Korean surname.
Yeoh is one spelling of the Hokkien pronunciation of the Chinese surname spelled in Mandarin Chinese Pinyin as Yáng. Another common spelling is Yeo. Both the spellings Yeoh and Yeo are common in southeast Asia, for example among Malaysian Chinese.
Du (Chinese: 杜; pinyin: Dù; Wade–Giles: Tu4) is a Chinese surname. The name is spelled Tu in Taiwan. In Hong Kong it is spelled as To and in Macao as Tou, based on the pronunciation of 杜 in Cantonese. In Singapore and Malaysia, it is spelled as Toh, based on the pronunciation of 杜 in Hokkien. The Vietnamese equivalent of the surname is Đỗ. However, when diacritics are dropped, it can also be from the Vietnamese surnames Dư 余 or Dũ 俞 (for both, the Chinese equivalent is Yu). It is the 129th surname in Hundred Family Surnames and is the 42nd most common surname in Mainland China as of 2020.
Hing is an English surname, as well as a spelling of various Chinese surnames based on their Southern Min or Cantonese pronunciations.
Koh is a surname in various cultures. Its languages of origin include Chinese, German, and Korean.
Chia is a surname. It is a Latin-alphabet spelling of various Chinese surnames, as well as an Italian surname.
Soh is a surname in various cultures.
Zhan is the pinyin romanization of several Chinese names, also spelled Chan in the Wade–Giles system common in Taiwan and in older publications
Yeow is a Chinese surname. It is the spelling, based on pronunciations in different varieties of Chinese, of the following surnames, listed by their spelling in Pinyin :
Zhuo 224th most common surname in China, shared by 360,000 people (2008). In the Wade–Giles system of romanization, it is romanized as Cho, which is commonly used in Taiwan. The surname is listed 277th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames.
Gan is a surname. It may be a Latin-alphabet spelling of four different Chinese surnames, a Korean surname, and a surname in other cultures.
Wee is a surname.
Eng is a Chinese, German, and Scandinavian surname, as well as a given name in various cultures.
Tee is an English and Chinese surname
Seng is a Cambodian, Chinese, German, and Korean surname.
References
- ↑ "Popular Chinese Surnames in Singapore". Statistics Singapore Newsletter. Vol. 20, no. 2. October 1997. Archived from the original on 23 February 2008. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
- ↑ "How common is your last name?". Newsday. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
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