Troschel's tree frog

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Troschel's tree frog
Hypsiboas calcaratus (Yasuni).jpg
In Yasuni National Park
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hylidae
Genus: Boana
Species:
B. calcarata
Binomial name
Boana calcarata
(Troschel, 1848)
Synonyms [2]
  • Hyla calcarataTroschel, 1848
  • Boana calcarata(Troschel, 1848)
  • Hyla leptoscelisBoulenger, 1918
  • Hypsiboas calcaratus(Troschel, 1848)

Troschel's treefrog (Boana calcarata), also known as the blue-flanked treefrog [2] or the convict treefrog, [3] is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. [2] It is found in most parts of the Amazon Basin including Suriname. [1] [2] [4] Colombian, Guianan and Venezuelan records need confirmation. [2] [5]

Contents

Taxonomy

This species was originally described by Franz Hermann Troschel as Hyla calcarata in 1848. After Edward Drinker Cope transferred it to the genus Hypsiboas as Hypsiboas calcaratus in 1867, it was variously recognized with either name until Faivovich and colleagues validated Hypsiboas in 2005. However, in 2017 Alain Dubois  [ fr ] showed that Hypsiboas was a junior synonym of Boana, the latter then being the valid name. [2] Many sources, however, still use the old name. [1] [3]

Description

Adult males measure 28–43 mm (1.1–1.7 in) and adult females 46–56 mm (1.8–2.2 in) in snout–vent length. The fingers have only basal webbing while the toes are webbed. Males have pre-pollical spines. The dorsal coloration varies from light brown to reddish brown or brown. There is a dark brown middorsal line, and some specimens have brown diffuse transversal bands. The limbs bear pale brown transversal bars dorsally. Scattered minute white and black dots, or large dark brown blotches, might be present on the dorsum. The flanks are white, light blue or blue and have dark brown vertical bars. The venter is creamy white and the belly is yellowish white. [5]

Habitat and conservation

This species occurs in tropical rainforest at elevations up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) above sea level, but mostly below 400 m (1,300 ft). It is an arboreal frog. During the rainy season, adults can be seen perched on stems and small branches above slow-moving streams. The eggs are deposited in water where the larvae will then develop. Habitat loss associated with forest conversion, logging, clear cutting, and fire is a threat to this species. However, it is abundant in parts of its range, is present in protected areas, and is not threatened overall. [1]

Hypsiboas calcaratus.jpg

Related Research Articles

<i>Boana</i> Genus of amphibians

Boana is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are commonly known as gladiator frogs, gladiator treefrogs or Wagler Neotropical treefrogs. These frogs are distributed in the tropical Central and South America from Nicaragua to Argentina, as well as in the Caribbean.

The Pilalo tree frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It has been observed between 2300 and 2600 meters above sea level. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Boana beckeri is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil and is only known from a handful of localities in southern Minas Gerais and adjacent northeastern São Paulo. The specific name beckeri honors Johann Becker, Brazilian zoologist who collected many of the types.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Emerald-eyed tree frog</span> Species of amphibian

The emerald-eyed tree frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is largely restricted to the Atlantic Forest region of Brazil. Some populations previously regarded as Boana crepitans have been separated into the species Boana xerophylla and Boana platanera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amapa tree frog</span> Species of amphibian

The Amapa tree frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in northern Brazil in the Amapá state, French Guiana, and southeastern Suriname. It belongs to the Boana albopunctata species group.

<i>Boana xerophylla</i> Species of amphibian

Boana xerophylla is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It's found in northern South America.

Boana latistriata is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality, Itatiaia National Park, and from Marmelópolis, both in the state of Minas Gerais. The specific name latistriata refers to the wide stripes on the back of this frog.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imbabura tree frog</span> Species of amphibian

The Imbabura tree frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in the Pacific lowlands of western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador from the sea level to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) asl.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosenberg's tree frog</span> Species of amphibian

Rosenberg's treefrog, also known as Rosenberg's gladiator frog or Rosenberg's gladiator treefrog, is a species of frog in the family of tree frogs (Hylidae) and genus of gladiator frogs (Boana) found in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago and north-western Ecuador. Its scientific name is a testimony to Mr. W. F. H. Rosenberg who collected the type series, and its common name refers to the aggressiveness of males of the species.

<i>Osteocephalus buckleyi</i> Species of amphibian

Osteocephalus buckleyi, also known as Buckley's slender-legged treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found along the periphery of the Amazon Basin in Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, northeastern Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana, and also in the Orinoco Delta in Venezuela. It is probably a species complex. Some sources treat Osteocephalus vilmae from Ecuador and Peru as a valid species.

<i>Osteocephalus cabrerai</i> Species of frog

Osteocephalus cabrerai is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the Amazon Basin in Brazil (Manaus), northeastern Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, and French Guiana, possibly wider. Some earlier records refer to Osteocephalus buckleyi.

<i>Scinax cruentomma</i> Species of frog

Scinax cruentomma is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in the upper Amazon Basin of southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northeastern and east-central Peru, and western Brazil; its presence is French Guiana is dispted. The specific name cruentomma is derived from the Greek cruentos meaning "bloody" and omma meaning "eye", referring to the red streak in the eye of this frog. This species is also known as the Manaus snouted treefrog.

<i>Sphaenorhynchus lacteus</i> Species of amphibian

Sphaenorhynchus lacteus, the Orinoco lime treefrog or greater hatchet-faced treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is a widely distributed species found in the Orinoco and Amazon basins in Venezuela, the Guianas, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. It also occurs in Trinidad and Tobago.

Boana nympha is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to the upper Amazon basin of southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, and northeastern Peru; its range probably extends into adjacent western Brazil. The specific name nympha alludes to nymphs, beautiful wood- and marsh-dwelling goddesses in Greek mythology. Common name nympha Amazon treefrog has been proposed for it.

<i>Boana almendarizae</i> Species of amphibian

Boana almendarizae, or Almendariz's tree frog, is a frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Ecuador. Scientists have seen it between 500 and 1950 meters above sea level in the Andes Mountains.

<i>Boana paranaiba</i> Species of frog

Boana paranaiba is a frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil.

<i>Boana maculateralis</i> Species of amphibian

The stained tree frog is a frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru. Scientists have seen it between 186 and 354 meters above sea level.

Boana stellae is a frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Brazil. Scientists know it from the type locality: between 200 and 600 meters above sea level on the Araucaria plateau in Rio Grande do Sul.

Boana bandeirantes is a frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Brazil. Scientists have seen it only over 400 meters above sea level.

Boana aguilari is a frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Peru. Scientists have seen it between 1225 and 2080 meters above sea level.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Claudia Azevedo-Ramos, Enrique La Marca, Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron (2010). "Boana calcarata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T55426A11308862. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T55426A11308862.en . Retrieved 14 November 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Boana calcarata (Troschel, 1848)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  3. 1 2 "Hypsiboas calcaratus Convict Treefrog". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  4. ↑ Acosta Galvis, A. R. & Cuentas, D. (2017). "Boana calcarata (Troschel, 1848)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.07.2017.0. www.batrachia.com. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  5. 1 2 Caminer, Marcel; Ron, Santiago (2014). "Systematics of treefrogs of the Hypsiboas calcaratus and Hypsiboas fasciatus species complex (Anura, Hylidae) with the description of four new species". ZooKeys (370): 1–68. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.370.6291 . PMC   3904076 . PMID   24478591.
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