Panth Rattan Shiri Gurcharan Singh Tohra was a president of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC),a Sikh body in charge of controlling Gurdwara. He died of a heart attack in New Delhi on 1 April 2004 at the age of 79. He remained the head of the SGPC for a record 27 years,and was one of the most influential and controversial Sikh leaders of the 20th century.
The Punjabi Suba movement was a long-drawn political agitation,launched by Punjabi speaking people demanding the creation of a Punjabi Suba,or Punjabi-speaking state,in the post-independence Indian state of East Punjab. Led by the Akali Dal,it resulted in the formation of the state of Punjab. The state of Haryana and the Union Territory of Chandigarh were also created and some Pahari-majority parts of the East Punjab were also merged with Himachal Pradesh following the movement.
The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee is an organization in India responsible for the management of gurdwaras,Sikh places of worship in three states of Punjab,Haryana,and Himachal Pradesh and union territory of Chandigarh. SGPC also administers Darbar Sahib in Amritsar.
Sarbat Khalsa,was a biannual deliberative assembly of the Sikhs held at Amritsar in Panjab during the 18th century. It literally translates to the "entire Sikh Nation" but as a political institution it refers to the meetings of the Dal Khalsa,Sikh Misls,and the legislature of the Sikh Empire. The first Sarbat Khalsa was called by the tenth guru,Guru Gobind Singh before his death in 1708 and the tradition of calling Sarbat Khalsa has continued ever since at times of hardship or conflict. After the demolition of the Mahant System by the Khalsa Panth,S. Kartar Singh Jhabbar called the Sarbat Khalsa in 1920. He was not the Jathedar of the Akal Takht but a Sikh leader. In the resolution of that Sarbat Khalsa,Teja Singh Bhuchhar was announced as the Jathedar of the Akal Takht. The next known meeting of the Sarbat Khalsa took place on the occasion of Divali in 1723 when a clash between Tat Khalsa and the Bandais was averted and amicably settled through the intervention and wise counsel of Bhai Mani Singh.
Teja Singh Akarpuri was an Indian and Sikh politician who served as the 11th Jathedar of Akal Takht from 1921 to 1923 and 1926 to 1930. He was the First MP from Gurdaspur constituency In Lok Sabha from 1952 to 1957 and was succeeded by Diwan Chand Sharma.
Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir was an Indian politician and Punjabi language writer. He was the Chief Minister of Punjab from 1 November 1966 to 8 March 1967.
A Jathedar of a Jatha with authority to protect a village in history. Among the Sikhs,a Jathedar is an ordained leader of the clergy and leads a Takht,a sacred and authoritative seat.
Harjinder Singh Dilgeer He is the only author who has written Complete History of the Sikhs and has translated Guru Granth Sahib in English and has published NEW MAHAN KOSH Encyclopedia of Sikh literature and Punjab &Sikh History{3 of the 4 volumes of the NEW Mahan Kosh have been published in March 2021. He has written in detail about the concept and the history of Akal Takht Sahib,Sikh culture,Shiromani Akali Dal,the history of Anandpur Sahib,and Kiratpur Sahib,Dictionary of Sikh Philosophy etc. The Sikh Reference Book is his magnum opus. 'The Sikh Reference Book' is an encyclopaedia consisting of more than 2400 biographies,complete chronology of Sikh history,400 concepts of Sikh philosophy as well more than 800 Sikh shrines. He has produced a Sikh Encyclopedia CD-ROM. His latest books are Encyclopedia of Jalandhar (English),Banda Singh Bahadur,Sikh Twareekh in five volumes,Sikh History in ten volumes;and English translations of Nitnaym and Sukhmani Sahib.. His latest work is English translation of Guru Granth Sahib,in seven volumes and NEW MAHAN KOSH,published in March 2021.
Sadhu Singh Bhaura was a Sikh missionary who served as the 21st Jathedar of Akal Takht from 1964 to 1980.
The Akali movement,also called the Gurdwara Reform Movement,was a campaign to bring reform in the gurdwaras in India during the early 1920s. The movement led to the introduction of the Sikh Gurdwara Bill in 1925,which placed all the historical Sikh shrines in India under the control of Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC).
Jathedar Singh Sahib Giani Gurbachan Singh Ji (born on 6 April 1948 at Chakk Baja in Muktsar,Punjab,was the 30th Jathedar of Akal Takht. Before being appointed as Jathedar,he also served as Head Granthi of Sachkhand Sri Harmandir Sahib.
Darshan Singh Pheruman was an Indian freedom fighter,Sikh activist and politician.
Parkash Singh Badal is an Indian politician who was Chief Minister of Punjab state from 1970 to 1971,from 1977 to 1980,from 1997 to 2002,and from 2007 to 2017. He is also the patron of Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD),a Sikh-centered regional political party. He was the president of the party from 1995 to 2008,when he was replaced by his son Sukhbir Singh Badal. As the patron of SAD he exercises a strong influence on the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee and Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee. The Government of India awarded him the second-highest civilian award,Padma Vibhushan,in 2015.
The Jathedar of the Akal Takht is the appointed head of the Akal Takht and the Sikhs of the world. Sikh clergy consists of five Jathedars,one each from five Takhts.
Giani Partap Singh was a Sikh priest and Panjabi writer. He served as the first acting Jathedar of Akal Takht from 19 December 1937 to 1948 and 19th Jathedar of Akal Takht from 1952 to 15 February 1955.
Jagdev Singh Talwandi was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1978 as a member of the Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD),a Sikh-centered regional political party. Talwandi was elected SAD president in 1978 and 1988. He became the President of the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) in 2000. He was elected to the Punjab Vidhan Sabha thrice in 1967,1969,and 1972,and was inducted as a Minister of State for Development and Animal Husbandry in the Gurnam Singh Ministry and the Minister of State for Jails,Sports and Transport in the Parkash Singh Badal government. He represented Punjab in the Rajya Sabha from 1980 to 1986.
Mohan Singh Nagoke (1898–1969) was a Politician from Punjab,Freedom fighter and former Jathedar of Akal Takhat Sahib.
Ishar Singh Majhail (1901-1977) was a politician and legislator from Punjab.
Bawa Harkrishan Singh was a politician from Punjab and freedom fighter.
The 1962 Punjab Legislative Assembly election was the Third Vidhan Sabha election of the state when the Indian National Congress emerged as the largest party with 90 seats in the 154-seat legislature in the election. The Shiromani Akali Dal became the official opposition,holding 16 seats. From 5 July 1966 to 1 November 1966,Assembly was under suspension.
