UN Security Council Resolution 1542 | |
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A MINUSTAH base in Haiti | |
Date | 30 April 2004 |
Meeting no. | 4,961 |
Code | S/RES/1542 (Document) |
Subject | The situation in Haiti |
Voting summary |
|
Result | Adopted |
Security Council composition | |
Permanent members | |
Non-permanent members |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1542, adopted unanimously on 30 April 2004, after receiving a report by the Secretary-General Kofi Annan, the Council deplored all violations of human rights in Haiti and urged the Government of Haiti to promote and protect human rights with a State based on rule of law and independent judiciary. [1]
The Council also reiterated its call for international assistance to Haiti over the long-term, welcoming action and support by the Organization of American States (OAS), the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and financial institutions.
Noting the situation in Haiti, the resolution established the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) called for in Resolution 1529 (2004) for an initial period of six months, with the intention to renew for further periods. In accordance with the Secretary-General's report, the Council decided MINUSTAH would consist of a civilian and a military component which would cooperate with the OAS, CARICOM and other organisations.
The resolution goes on to set out the mandate of MINUSTAH in areas including providing a secure and stable environment, human rights and supporting the political process in Haiti. [2]
The Force consists of troops from up to 17 countries including Argentina, Bolivia, Canada, Jordan, France, South Korea and the United States, and police from 41 countries including Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, Russia and Spain. [3]
Resolution 1542 was commended as an improvement on previous policing mandates due to its clarity and integration of policing into a broad rule of law framework. [4]
The United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (UNSTAMIH), also known as MINUSTAH, an acronym of the French name, was a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Haiti that was in operation from 2004 to 2017. The mission's military component was led by the Brazilian Army and the force commander is Brazilian. The force is composed of 2,366 military personnel and 2,533 police, supported by international civilian personnel, a local civilian staff and United Nations Volunteers.
Cité Soleil is an extremely impoverished and densely populated commune located in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area in Haiti. Cité Soleil originally developed as a shanty town and grew to an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 residents, the majority of whom live in extreme poverty. The area is generally regarded as one of the poorest and most dangerous areas of the Western Hemisphere and it is one of the biggest slums in the Northern Hemisphere. The area has virtually no sewers and has a poorly maintained open canal system that serves as its sewage system, few formal businesses but many local commercial activities and enterprises, sporadic but largely free electricity, a few hospitals, and two government schools, Lycee Nationale de Cite Soleil, and Ecole Nationale de Cite Soleil. For several years until 2007, the area was ruled by a number of gangs, each controlling their own sectors. But government control was reestablished after a series of operations in early 2007 by the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) with the participation of the local population.
The United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) was a peacekeeping operation carried out by the United Nations between September 1993 and June 1996. The Mission was reestablished (MINUSTAH) in April 2004, after a rebellion took over most of Haiti and President Bertrand Aristide resigned. Aristide controversially contends that he was forced from office and kidnapped into exile by agents of the United States.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1908, adopted unanimously on January 19, 2010, after endorsing the Secretary-General's recommendation, the Council increased the size of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) established under Resolution 1542 (2004), in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. The resolution authorised an additional 3,500 peacekeepers for Haiti, bringing the total number of MINUSTAH troops to 8,940 and a police component to 3,711.
United Nations Security Council resolution 867, adopted unanimously on 23 September 1993, after recalling resolutions 841 (1993), 861 (1993) and 862 (1993) on the situation in Haiti, the Council reiterated its position of protecting international peace and stability and established the United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH).
United Nations Security Council Resolution 944, adopted on 29 September 1994, after recalling resolutions 841 (1993), 861 (1993), 862 (1993), 867 (1993), 873 (1993), 875 (1993), 905 (1994), 917 (1994), 933 (1994) and 940 (1994), the Council affirmed its willingness to suspend sanctions against Haiti once the legitimate President Jean-Bertrand Aristide had returned following the removal of the military junta.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1927, adopted unanimously on June 4, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on Haiti, including resolutions 1542 (2004), 1576 (2004), 1608 (2005), 1658 (2006), 1702 (2006), 1743 (2006), 1780 (2007), 1840 (2008), 1892 (2009) and 1908 (2010), the Council authorised an additional deployment of 680 police as part of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH).
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1529, adopted unanimously on 29 February 2004, after expressing concern about the situation in Haiti, the Council authorised the deployment of an international force to the country to stabilise the situation following a coup d'état that resulted in the removal of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide from office.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1944, adopted unanimously on October 14, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on Haiti, including resolutions 1542 (2004), 1576 (2004), 1608 (2005), 1658 (2006), 1702 (2006), 1743 (2006), 1780 (2007), 1840 (2008), 1892 (2009), 1908 (2010) and 1927 (2010), the Council renewed the mandate of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until October 15, 2011.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1576, adopted unanimously on 29 November 2004, after recalling resolutions 1529 (2004) and 1542 (2004) on the situation in Haiti, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until June 1, 2005.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1601, adopted unanimously on 31 May 2005, after recalling resolutions 1529 (2004), 1542 (2004) and 1576 (2004) on the situation in Haiti, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until 24 June 2005.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1608, adopted unanimously on 22 June 2005, after recalling resolutions 1542 (2004) and 1576 (2004) on the situation in Haiti, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until 15 February 2006 and increased its strength.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1658, adopted unanimously on February 14, 2006, after recalling resolutions 1542 (2004), 1576 (2004) and 1608 (2005) on the situation in Haiti, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until August 15, 2006.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1702, adopted unanimously on August 15, 2006, after recalling resolutions 1542 (2004), 1576 (2004), 1608 (2005) and 1658 (2006) on the situation in Haiti, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) until February 15, 2007.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2012 was unanimously adopted on 12 October 2011.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1743 was unanimously adopted on 15 February 2007.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1780 was unanimously adopted on 15 October 2007.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1892 was unanimously adopted on 13 October 2009.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1840 was unanimously adopted on 14 October 2008.
The United Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH) is a peacekeeping mission in Haiti mandated by the United Nations Security Council through Resolutions 2350 (2017) and 2410 (2018).