| Usnea taylorii | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Usnea |
| Species: | U. taylorii |
| Binomial name | |
| Usnea taylorii | |
Usnea taylorii is a fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae.
Its predators include the land snail Notodiscus hookeri . [2]
Usnea is a genus of mostly pale grayish-green fruticose lichens that grow like leafless mini-shrubs or tassels anchored on bark or twigs. The genus is in the family Parmeliaceae. It grows all over the world. Members of the genus are commonly called old man's beard, beard lichen, or beard moss.
The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: Xanthoparmelia, Usnea, Parmotrema, and Hypotrachyna.
Usnea longissima, known by the name old man's beard or Methuselah's beard lichen, is a lichen in the family Parmeliaceae.
Lethariella is a genus of fruticose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. The genus was originally proposed as a subgenus of Usnea by Polish lichenologist Józef Motyka in his 1936 monograph of that genus. Norwegian botanist Hildur Krog elevated the taxon to generic status in 1976.
Stictic acid is an aromatic organic compound, a product of secondary metabolism in some species of lichens.
Notodiscus hookeri is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk in the family Charopidae. This snail lives on islands in the sub-Antarctic region. Its shell is unique among land snails in that the organic shell layers contain no chitin.
Józef Motyka was a Polish botanist and lichenologist.
A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure. It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or more mycobionts. Fruticose lichens are not a monophyletic and holophyletic lineage, but is a form encountered in many classes. Fruticose lichens have a complex vegetation structure, and are characterized by an ascending, bushy or pendulous appearance. As with other lichens, many fruticose lichens can endure high degrees of desiccation. They grow slowly and often occur in habitats such as on tree barks, on rock surfaces and on soils in the Arctic and mountain regions.
Pseudocyphellaria crocata is a species of lichen in the family Peltigeraceae of the ascomycetes.
Orceolina kerguelensis is a lichen in the family Trapeliaceae. It is the type species of the genus Orceolina.
Usnea articulata, commonly known as the string-of-sausage lichen, is a pale greenish-grey, densely branched lichen with a prostrate or pendant growth form. It grows on bark, on branches and twigs, and is often unattached to a branch and merely draped over it. It grows up to 100 cm (40 in) in length.
Usnea scabrida is a foliose lichen that grows from holdfasts on trees. It occurs in southwest Western Australia. It is a very pale grayish-yellowish green, slender, pendant, branching from the base, unequally branching, and shrubby. The cortex contains usnic acid, and the medulla contains scabrosins. The lichen was described as a new species in 1844 by English botanist Thomas Taylor.
Lecanoric acid is a chemical produced by several species of lichen. Lecanoric acid is classified as a polyphenol and a didepside and it functions as an antioxidant. The acid is named after the lichen Lecanora. The acid has also been isolated from Usnea subvacata, Parmotrema stuppuem, Parmotrema tinctorum,Parmotrema grayana, Xanthoparmelia arida and Xanthoparmelia lecanorica. A related compound, 5-chlorolecanoric acid, is found in some species of Punctelia.
Usnea trichodea, commonly known as bony beard lichen, is a pale straw-colored fruticose lichen with a pendant growth form. It grows on trees and is native to eastern North America.
Usnea glabrata is a species of beard lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first described as a variety of Usnea plicata by Erik Acharius. Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio transferred it to the genus Usnea in 1915. The lichen grows on bark and is widespread throughout Europe, although it is probably locally extinct in a few locations. It is characterized by small shrubby thallus, constriction of secondary branches at their base, presence of large soralia, and the absence of both papillae and isidia.
Usnea fulvoreagens is a species of beard lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first described by Finnish lichenologist Veli Räsänen in 1931 as a variety of Usnea glabrescens. He raised it to distinct species status in 1935. The lichen has a shrubby thallus that is richly branched, and bases that are blackened. The presence of norstictic acid is often used to differentiate this species from other similar species. It has a widespread distribution in Europe.
Usnea glabrescens is a species of beard lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It grows on bark, has a shrubby thallus with a blackened base, and a thick cortex. Several chemotypes of this species have been reported. The lichen is widely distributed in Europe.
Philippe Clerc is a Swiss lichenologist. A Festschrift was dedicated to him in 2020, on the occasion of his retirement from the Conservatory and Botanical Garden of the City of Geneva, where he worked from 1993 to 2020. Clerc is an authority on the beard lichens, and has had nearly 100 publications on this and other topics, such as the lichen flora of Switzerland.
Barbatic acid is an organic compound that is made by some lichens. It is in the structural class known as depsides. It is particularly common in the genera Usnea and Cladonia.
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