The kroon was the official currency of Estonia for two periods in history: 1928–1940 and 1992–2011. Between 1 January and 14 January 2011, the kroon circulated together with the euro, after which the euro became the sole legal tender in Estonia. The kroon was subdivided into 100 cents.
Pärnu is the fourth-largest city in Estonia. Situated in southwest Estonia, Pärnu is located 128 kilometres (80 mi) south of the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and 176 kilometres (109 mi) west of Estonia's second-largest city, Tartu. The city sits off the coast of Pärnu Bay, an inlet of the Gulf of Riga, which is a part of the Baltic Sea. In the city, the Pärnu River drains into the Gulf of Riga.
Konstantin Päts was an Estonian statesman and the country's president from 1938 to 1940. Päts was one of the most influential politicians of the independent democratic Republic of Estonia, and during the two decades prior to World War II he also served five times as the country's State Elder. He carried out a self-coup on 12 March 1934. After the 16–17 June 1940 Soviet invasion and occupation of Estonia, Päts remained formally in office for over a month, until he was forced to resign, imprisoned by the new Stalinist regime, and deported to the USSR, where he died in 1956.
Jaan Tõnisson was an Estonian statesman, serving as the Prime Minister of Estonia twice during 1919 to 1920, as State Elder from 1927 to 1928 and in 1933, and as Foreign Minister of Estonia from 1931 to 1932.
Postimees is an Estonian daily newspaper established on 5 June 1857, by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. In 1891, it became the first daily newspaper in Estonia. Its current editor-in-chief is Priit Hõbemägi. The paper has approximately 250 employees.
Estonia competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. It was the nation's fifth consecutive appearance at the Games since 1920, and also the last time prior to World War II. As the country was, after 1940, occupied by the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, the next time Estonia was able to participate in the Summer Olympics as an independent nation came only with the 1992 Summer Olympics.
The Estonian resistance movement was an underground movement to resist the occupation of Estonia by Nazi Germany, 1941–1944 during World War II. Due to the unusually benign measures implemented in Estonia by the German occupation authorities, especially in contrast to the preceding harsh Soviet occupation of Estonia (1940–1941), the movement was slower to develop effective tactics on a wide scale than in other occupied countries.
Uus Ilm was an Estonian language communist newspaper published from Monroe, New York. It began publication in 1909.
Rahva Hääl was the official daily newspaper of the Communist Party of Estonia during the Soviet occupation of Estonia. It was founded shortly after the first Soviet takeover in 1940 based on the offices and resources of Uus Eesti, an earlier Estonian newspaper.
During World War II, the Estonian capital Tallinn suffered from many instances of aerial bombing by the Soviet air force and the German Luftwaffe. The first bombings by Luftwaffe occurred during the Summer War of 1941 as part of Operation Barbarossa. A number of Soviet bombing missions to then German-occupied Tallinn followed in 1942–1944.
Eesti Ekspress is an Estonian weekly newspaper.
From 1935 to Estonia's incorporation into the Soviet Union in 1940, inmates condemned by civilian courts were given a choice to die either by poison-induced suicide or by hanging, as outlined in the Criminal Procedure Code : "One hour before the scheduled time of the execution, the condemned shall be taken to a death cell, where the state prosecutor will read the death sentence and ask the prisoner whether he is willing to commit suicide. If the answer is in the affirmative, the prosecutor will hand the condemned a glass of poison—the kind of poison to be determined by the National Health Board. If the doomed man fails to take the poison within five minutes he will be hanged.'" Military executions were carried out by a firing squad.
Anton Uesson was an Estonian politician and engineer.
Meie Kodu is an Estonian language newspaper published in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, from 1949.
Ado Kurvits (1897–1958) was an Estonian Communist politician who was the chairman of the Executive Committee of Tallinn from February to September 1945. He was deported after the Soviet Union invaded Estonia in 1940. Despite this, he was the first chairman after the Soviet Union reconquered Estonia from the Nazi German occupation of Estonia, and was chairman during the official end of World War II. He was succeeded by Aleksander Hendrikson. He died in 1958 and is buried at Helme cemetery in Valga County.
Juhan Narma was an Estonian politician.
Jaan Zimmermann was an Estonian entrepreneur.
Konstantin Osvet was an Estonian journalist and caricaturist.
Yri Naelapea was an Estonian writer, journalist, and publisher.
