Related Research Articles
Pseudomonas is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 validly described species. The members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches. Their ease of culture in vitro and availability of an increasing number of Pseudomonas strain genome sequences has made the genus an excellent focus for scientific research; the best studied species include P. aeruginosa in its role as an opportunistic human pathogen, the plant pathogen P. syringae, the soil bacterium P. putida, and the plant growth-promoting P. fluorescens, P. lini, P. migulae, and P. graminis.
Acetobacter is a genus of acetic acid bacteria. Acetic acid bacteria are characterized by the ability to convert ethanol to acetic acid in the presence of oxygen. Of these, the genus Acetobacter is distinguished by the ability to oxidize lactate and acetate into carbon dioxide and water. Bacteria of the genus Acetobacter have been isolated from industrial vinegar fermentation processes and are frequently used as fermentation starter cultures.
The Thermomicrobia is a group of thermophilic green non-sulfur bacteria. Based on species Thermomicrobium roseum and Sphaerobacter thermophilus, this bacteria class has the following description:
The Alicyclobacillaceae are a family of Gram-positive bacteria. All members of this family are aerobic and form endospores.
Lactobacillales are an order of gram-positive, low-GC, acid-tolerant, generally nonsporulating, nonrespiring, either rod-shaped (bacilli) or spherical (cocci) bacteria that share common metabolic and physiological characteristics. These bacteria, usually found in decomposing plants and milk products, produce lactic acid as the major metabolic end product of carbohydrate fermentation, giving them the common name lactic acid bacteria (LAB).
The Class Gammaproteobacteria belongs to the Proteobacteria phylum and contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxa of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically important groups of bacteria belong to this class. It is composed by all Gram-negative microbes and is the most phylogenetically and physiologically diverse class of Proteobacteria. The word Gammaproteobacteria comes from three Greek words: the Greek letter "gamma" (γ) meaning "changeable", the word proteakos (πρωτεϊκός) "little stick", and βακτήριον, that means "bacterium", so it means "changeable little stick bacterium". The name refers to Proteus, the Greek sea god who could change his shape. These microorganisms can live in several terrestrial and marine environments, in which they play various important roles, including extreme environments like the hydrothermal vents. They generally have different shapes, like rods, curved rods, cocci, spirilla, and filaments and include free living bacteria, biofilm formers, commensals and symbionts, some also have the distinctive trait of being bioluminescent. Metabolisms found in the different genera are very different; there are both aerobic and anaerobic species, chemolithoautotrophics, chemoorganotrophics, photoautotrophs and heterotrophs.
Klebsiella aerogenes, previously known as Enterobacter aerogenes, is a Gram-negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive, citrate positive, indole negative, rod-shaped bacterium. The bacterium is approximately 1-3 microns in length, and is capable of motility via peritrichous flagella.
Alicyclobacillus is a genus of Gram-variable, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria. The bacteria are able to grow in acidic conditions, while the spores are able to survive typical pasteurization procedures.
Agromyces is a genus in the phylum Actinobacteria (Bacteria).
Algoriphagus is a genus in the phylum Bacteroidetes (Bacteria).
Latilactobacillus sakei is the type species of the genus Latilactobacillus that was previously classified in the genus Lactobacillus. It is homofermentative; hexoses are metabolized via Glycolysis to lactic acid as main metabolite; pentoses are fermented via the Phosphoketolase pathway to lactic and acetic acids.
Lactococcus piscium is a known fish pathogen affecting salmonid fish, which has nevertheless been found in other sources, such as packaged beef. Its type strain is NCFB 2778. L. piscium has shown promise as a bioprotective culture in the preservation of seafood. The bacterium has exhibited the ability to prevent sensory deterioration of food and inhibit the growth of other psychrophilic bacteria that may produce spoilage.
Vagococcus fluvialis is a species of bacteria. The type strain of V. fluvialis is NCDO 2497. It rarely causes human infection. The only genetically proven case of V. fluvialis endocarditis was detected in the Cochin, India.
Vagococcus carniphilus is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming species of bacteria. The type strain of V. carniphilus is 1843-02T.
Vagococcus acidifermentans is a Gram-positive, coccus-shaped, non-spore-forming, facultatively species of anaerobic bacteria. The type strain is AC-1(T).
Leuconostoc carnosum is a lactic acid bacterium; its type strain is NCFB 2776. Its genome has been sequenced. Its name derives from the fact that it was first isolated from chill-stored meats. Its significance is that it thrives in anaerobic environments with a temperature around 2 °C, thus has been known to spoil vacuum-packed meat, yet it is not pathogenic and certain strains of L. carnosum are known to produce bactericides known to inhibit or kill Listeria monocytogenes.
Vagococcus salmoninarum is a species of bacteria, with type strain NCFB 2777. It is pathogenic towards Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Pediococcus claussenii is a species of Gram-positive bacteria. Like other Pediococcus species, P. claussenii is implicated in the spoilage of fermented beverages due to its production of diacetyl. Strains of this species were originally isolated from spoiled beer.
Vagococcus is a genus of gram-positive bacteria. They are motile or nonmotile cocci which do not form spores. The name Vagococcus comes from Latin adjective vagus meaning wandering; and the Greek noun coccus a grain or berry, Vagococcus - wandering coccus, because Vagococcus fluvialis and some other Vagococcus species are motile, an unusual property for a lactic acid bacteria.
Sphingomonas faeni is a Gram-negative bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from indoor dusts from animal sheds in Finland.
References
- ↑ Jaffres, E.; Prevost, H.; Rossero, A.; Joffraud, J.-J.; Dousset, X. (2009). "Vagococcus penaei sp. nov., isolated from spoilage microbiota of cooked shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 60 (9): 2159–2164. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.012872-0 . ISSN 1466-5026. PMID 19897618.
