Vauquelinite

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Vauquelinite
Vauquelinite-120513.jpg
General
Category Phosphate mineral
Formula
(repeating unit)
CuPb2(CrO4)(PO4)(OH)
IMA symbol Vql [1]
Strunz classification 7.FC.05
Crystal system Monoclinic
Crystal class Prismatic (2/m)
(same H-M symbol)
Space group P21/n
Unit cell a = 13.754(5)  Å, b = 5.806(6) Å
c = 9.563(3) Å; β = 94.55°; Z = 4
Identification
ColorOlive-green, apple-green, brown to nearly black
Crystal habit Irregular wedge shaped crystals, mammillary, reniform masses
Twinning Present on {102}
Cleavage Indistinct
Fracture Irregular
Tenacity Brittle
Mohs scale hardness2.5 – 3
Luster Adamantine, resinous
Streak Greenish or brownish
Diaphaneity Translucent
Specific gravity 6.16
Optical propertiesBiaxial (−)
Refractive index nα = 2.110 nβ = 2.220 nγ = 2.220
Birefringence δ = 0.110
Pleochroism X = Light green, Y = Light brown, Z = Light brown
2V angle Near zero
References [2] [3] [4]

Vauquelinite is a complex mineral with the formula Cu Pb 2(Cr O 4)(PO4)(OH) making it a combined chromate and phosphate of copper and lead. It forms a series with the arsenate mineral fornacite. [2]

It was first described in 1818 in the Beryozovskoye deposit, Urals, Russia, and named for Louis Vauquelin (1763–1829), a French chemist. [2] It occurs in oxidized hydrothermal ore deposits and is associated with crocoite, pyromorphite, mimetite, cerussite, beudantite and duftite at the type locality in Russia. [4]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diaspore</span> Aluminium hydroxide oxide mineral

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurichalcite</span> Basic carbonate of zinc and copper

Aurichalcite is a carbonate mineral, usually found as a secondary mineral in copper and zinc deposits. Its chemical formula is (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6. The zinc to copper ratio is about 5:4. Copper (Cu2+) gives aurichalcite its green-blue colors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Atacamite</span> Halide evaporite mineral

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cotunnite</span> Natural mineral form of lead(II) chloride

Cotunnite is the natural mineral form of lead(II) chloride (PbCl2). Unlike the pure compound, which is white, cotunnite can be white, yellow, or green. The density of mineral samples spans range 5.3–5.8 g/cm3. The hardness on the Mohs scale is 1.5–2. The crystal structure is orthorhombic dipyramidal and the point group is 2/m 2/m 2/m. Each Pb has a coordination number of 9. Cotunnite occurs near volcanoes: Vesuvius, Italy; Tarapacá, Chile; and Tolbachik, Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hauerite</span>

Hauerite is a sulfide mineral in the pyrite group. It is the mineral form of Manganese(IV) disulfide MnS2. It forms reddish brown or black octahedral crystals with the pyrite structure and it is usually found associated with the sulfides of other transition metals such as rambergite. It occurs in low temperature, sulfur rich environments associated with solfataras and salt deposits in association with native sulfur, realgar, gypsum and calcite.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Crocoite</span> Lead chromate mineral

Crocoite is a mineral consisting of lead chromate, PbCrO4, and crystallizing in the monoclinic crystal system. It is identical in composition with the artificial product chrome yellow used as a paint pigment.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fornacite</span> Rare lead, copper chromate arsenate hydroxide mineral

Fornacite is a rare lead, copper chromate arsenate hydroxide mineral with the formula: Pb2Cu(CrO4)(AsO4)(OH). It forms a series with the phosphate mineral vauquelinite. It forms variably green to yellow, translucent to transparent crystals in the monoclinic – prismatic crystal system. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.3 and a specific gravity of 6.27.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nahcolite</span> Mineral form of sodium bicarbonate

Nahcolite is a soft, colourless or white carbonate mineral with the composition of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) also called thermokalite. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system.

Indite is an extremely rare indium-iron sulfide mineral, found in Siberia. Its chemical formula is FeIn2S4.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vulcanite</span> Copper telluride mineral

Vulcanite is a rare copper telluride mineral. The mineral has a metallic luster, and has a green or bronze-yellow tint. It has a hardness between 1 and 2 on the Mohs scale. Its crystal structure is orthorhombic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patrónite</span> Sulfide mineral

Patrónite is the vanadium sulfide mineral with formula VS4. The material is usually described as V4+(S22−)2. Structurally, it is a "linear-chain" compound with alternating bonding and nonbonding contacts between the vanadium centers. The vanadium is octa-coordinated, which is an uncommon geometry for this metal.

Bystrite is a silicate mineral with the formula (Na,K)7Ca(Si6Al6)O24S4.5•(H2O), and a member of the cancrinite mineral group. It is a hexagonal crystal, with a 3m point group. The mineral may have been named after the Malaya Bystraya deposits in Russia, where it was found.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tsumebite</span> Rare phosphate mineral

Tsumebite is a rare phosphate mineral named in 1912 after the locality where it was first found, the Tsumeb mine in Namibia, well known to mineral collectors for the wide range of minerals found there. Tsumebite is a compound phosphate and sulfate of lead and copper, with hydroxyl, formula Pb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH). There is a similar mineral called arsentsumebite, where the phosphate group PO4 is replaced by the arsenate group AsO4, giving the formula Pb2Cu(AsO4)(SO4)(OH). Both minerals are members of the brackebuschite group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vladimirite</span>

Vladimirite is a rare calcium arsenate mineral with a formula of Ca5(HAsO4)2(AsO4)2·5H2O. It is named after the Vladimirovskoye deposit in Russia, where it was discovered in the 1950s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kostovite</span> Rare orthorhombic-pyramidal gray white telluride mineral

Kostovite (IMA symbol: Ktv) is a rare orthorhombic-pyramidal gray white telluride mineral containing copper and gold with chemical formula AuCuTe4.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strashimirite</span> Rare monoclinic mineral

Strashimirite is a rare monoclinic mineral containing arsenic, copper, hydrogen, and oxygen. It has the chemical formula Cu8(AsO4)4(OH)4·5(H2O).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Serandite</span> Mineral

Serandite is a mineral with formula Na(Mn2+,Ca)2Si3O8(OH). The mineral was discovered in Guinea in 1931 and named for J. M. Sérand. Serandite is generally red, brown, black or colorless. The correct name lacks an accent.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hemihedrite</span> Rare lead zinc chromate silicate mineral

Hemihedrite is a rare lead zinc chromate silicate mineral with formula Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(F,OH)2. It forms a series with the copper analogue iranite.

Bilibinskite is an Au – Cu – Pb telluride. It is a rare mineral that was named after Soviet geologist Yuri Bilibin (1901–1952), who researched the geology of gold deposits during the time of the USSR.

References

  1. Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi: 10.1180/mgm.2021.43 . S2CID   235729616.
  2. 1 2 3 Mindat – Vauquelinite
  3. Webmineral – Vauquelinite
  4. 1 2 Handbook of Mineralogy – Vauquelinite