Victoria de Grazia | |
---|---|
Parent | Alfred de Grazia |
Relatives | Sebastian de Grazia Edward de Grazia |
Awards | Guggenheim Fellowship (1999) |
Academic background | |
Education | |
Academic work | |
Discipline | European history |
Institutions |
Victoria de Grazia is the Moore Collegiate Professor of History at Columbia University and founding editor of Radical History Review . [1] [2]
De Grazia comes from a family of academics. Her father was Alfred de Grazia,New York University political scientist and decorated World War II veteran specialized in Psychological operations. Among her uncles were Pulitzer Prize-winning author Sebastian de Grazia and first amendment lawyer and co-founder of Cardozo Law School Edward de Grazia.
De Grazia was educated at Smith College,University of Florence,and Columbia University where she received her Ph.D. in history with distinction in 1976. She taught at the European University Institute,Rutgers University,and the City College of New York before joining the Columbia University faculty. [1] Her research focuses on twentieth-century European history and consumer culture from a gendered and comparative perspective. [3]
She was the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1999. [4] She was named to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2005. [5]
De Grazia received a Silver Independent Publisher Book Award in World History in 2021. [6] She received the Modern Language Association's Scaglione Prize for her 2020 book The Perfect Fascist:A Story of Love,Power,and Morality in Mussolini’s Italy. [7]
Clara "Claretta" Petacci was a mistress of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. She was killed by Italian partisans during Mussolini's execution.
Fascism is a far-right,authoritarian,ultranationalist political ideology and movement,characterized by a dictatorial leader,centralized autocracy,militarism,forcible suppression of opposition,belief in a natural social hierarchy,subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation and race,and strong regimentation of society and the economy.
Filippo Tommaso Emilio Marinetti was an Italian poet,editor,art theorist,and founder of the Futurist movement. He was associated with the utopian and Symbolist artistic and literary community Abbaye de Créteil between 1907 and 1908. Marinetti is best known as the author of the first Futurist Manifesto,which was written and published in 1909,and as a co-author of the Fascist Manifesto,in 1919.
Grazia Maria Cosima Damiana Deledda,also known in Sardinian language as Gràssia or Gràtzia Deledda,was an Italian writer who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1926 "for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island [i.e. Sardinia] and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general". She was the first Italian woman to receive the prize,and only the second woman in general after Selma Lagerlöf was awarded hers in 1909.
Ramona Victoria Epifanía Rufina Ocampo was an Argentine writer and intellectual. Best known as an advocate for others and as publisher of the literary magazine Sur,she was also a writer and critic in her own right and one of the most prominent South American women of her time. Her sister is Silvina Ocampo,also a writer.
The March on Rome was an organized mass demonstration and a coup d'état in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party (PNF) ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy. In late October 1922,Fascist Party leaders planned an insurrection to take place by marching on the capital. On 28 October,the fascist demonstrators and Blackshirt paramilitaries approached Rome;Prime Minister Luigi Facta wished to declare a state of siege,but this was overruled by King Victor Emmanuel III,who,fearing bloodshed,persuaded Facta to resign by threatening to abdicate. On 30 October 1922,the King appointed Mussolini as Prime Minister,thereby transferring political power to the fascists without armed conflict. On 31 October the fascist Blackshirts paraded in Rome,while Mussolini formed his coalition government.
Love and Anarchy is a 1973 Italian film directed by Lina Wertmüller and starring Giancarlo Giannini and Mariangela Melato. The story,set in Fascist Italy before the outbreak of World War II,centers on Giannini's character,an anarchist who stays in a brothel while preparing to assassinate Benito Mussolini. Giannini's character falls in love with one of the women working in the brothel. This film explores the depths of his emotions concerning love,his hate for fascism,and his fears of being killed while assassinating Mussolini.
Ada Negri was an Italian poet and writer. She was the only woman to be admitted to the Academy of Italy.
Claudia Ann Koonz is an American historian of Nazi Germany. Koonz's critique of the role of women during the Nazi era,from a feminist perspective,has become a subject of much debate and research in itself. She is a recipient of the PEN New England Award,and a National Book Award finalist. Koonz has appeared on the podcasts Holocaust,hosted by University of California Television,and Real Dictators,hosted by Paul McGann. In the months before the 2020 United States presidential election,Koonz wrote about the risks of autocracy in the United States for History News Network and the New School's Public Seminar.
Italian fascism,also known as classical fascism or simply fascism,is the original fascist ideology as developed in Italy by Giovanni Gentile and Benito Mussolini. The ideology is associated with a series of two political parties led by Benito Mussolini:the National Fascist Party (PNF),which ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 until 1943,and the Republican Fascist Party (PFR) that ruled the Italian Social Republic from 1943 to 1945. Italian fascism is also associated with the post-war Italian Social Movement (MSI) and subsequent Italian neo-fascist movements.
Violet Albina Gibson was an Irish woman who attempted to assassinate Benito Mussolini in 1926. She was released without charge but spent the rest of her life in a psychiatric hospital in England.
The National Fascist Party was a political party in Italy,created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Italian fascism and as a reorganisation of the previous Italian Fasces of Combat. The party ruled the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 when Fascists took power with the March on Rome until the fall of the Fascist regime in 1943,when Mussolini was deposed by the Grand Council of Fascism. It was succeeded,in the territories under the control of the Italian Social Republic,by the Republican Fascist Party,ultimately dissolved at the end of World War II.
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was an Italian dictator and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party (PNF). He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 1943,as well as "Duce" of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919 until his summary execution in 1945 by Italian partisans. As dictator of Italy and principal founder of fascism,Mussolini inspired and supported the international spread of fascist movements during the inter-war period.
The Stadio dei Marmi is one of four stadiums in the colossal sports complex the Foro Italico,initially named Foro Mussolini. The other stadiums are the Stadio Olimpico,the Stadio del tennis Romano,and the Stadio Olimpico del Nuoto. It was designed in the 1920s as a complement to the annexed Fascist Academy of Physical Education,to be used by its students for training. The Stadio dei Marmi first opened in 1932,on the 10th anniversary of the March on Rome,near the Roman neighborhood Monte Mario,by the architect Enrico Del Debbio under the Fascist ruler Benito Mussolini. The Stadio dei Marmi is encircled by sixty,4-meter tall classical statues of athletes made from Carrara marble. The stadium was built to celebrate Fascist accomplishments and the Gioventúdel Littorio,the youth movement of the National Fascist Party of Italy. In its twenty-year reign,the Fascist regime used sports to introduce and instill new fascist traditions,ideals,customs,and values,with the goal of forming citizen warriors. The Stadio dei Marmi was used to host some of the field hockey preliminaries for the 1960 Summer Olympics and also hosted the opening ceremony for the 2009 World Aquatics Championships.
Richard James Boon Bosworth is an Australian historian and author,and a leading expert on Benito Mussolini and Fascist Italy,having written extensively on both topics.
Sharon Marcus is an American academic. She is currently the Orlando Harriman Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University. She specializes in nineteenth-century British and French literature and culture,and teaches courses on the 19th-century novel in England and France,particularly in relation to the history of urbanism and architecture;gender and sexuality studies;narrative theory;and 19th-century theater and performance. Marcus has received Fulbright,Woodrow Wilson,Guggenheim Fellowship,and ACLS fellowships,and a Gerry Lenfest Distinguished Faculty Award at Columbia. She is one of the senior editors of Public Culture,as well as a founding editor and Fiction Review Editor of Public Books.
Lilia Silvi was an Italian film actress. Silvi was one of several young actresses presented as an Italian equivalent to the Canadian-born Hollywood star Deanna Durbin. She appeared opposite Amedeo Nazzari,the most popular Italian star of the era,in five films.
The Kingdom of Italy was governed by the National Fascist Party from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as prime minister and dictator. The Italian Fascists imposed totalitarian rule and crushed political and intellectual opposition,while promoting economic modernization,traditional social values and a rapprochement with the Roman Catholic Church.
Graziella Sonnino Carpi was an Italian feminist and peace activist in the interwar period. She was a member of the Italian Unione Femminile Nazionale and a delegate to the 1919 Women's Conference.
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