Wallaciia

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Wallaciia
Crenicichla regani.jpg
Wallaciia regani, Synonym: Crenicichla regani
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cichliformes
Family: Cichlidae
Subfamily: Cichlinae
Tribe: Geophagini
Genus: Wallaciia
Varella, Kullander, Menezes, López-Fernández & Oliveira, 2023
Type species
Crenicichla wallacii
Regan, 1905

Wallaciia is a South American genus of cichlids from the tribe Geophagini. The genus was only erected in mid-2023 by four South American ichthyologists and their Swedish colleague Sven O. Kullander. It was named in honour of the British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace, [1] and is a near-tautonym of the chosen type species. Previously, the species placed in Wallaciia belonged to the genus Crenicichla [2] and formed the Crenicichla wallacii species complex. [3] The genus Wallaciia occurs in the Amazon Basin from the Rio Madeira to the Rio Tocantins, but is absent west of Santo Antônio do Içá or the mouth of the Río Putumayo into the Amazon. The genus is also found in the drainage basins of the Orinoco and the Essequibo. [2]

Contents

Description

Like all pike cichlids, Wallaciia species have a pike-like, elongated body. The number of vertebrae is high and there are more trunk vertebrae than tail vertebrae, while in most other cichlid genera it is the other way round. Wallaciia species are relatively small pike cichlids and reach a standard length of 5.2 to 8.5 centimetres (2.0 to 3.3 in) and are referred to as "dwarf cichlids" for the aquarium hobby. With the exception of Wallaciia heckeli, the rear edge of the supracleithrum, a bone in the shoulder girdle, is serrated. The rear edge of the preoperculum is also serrated, the teeth are spine-like. The pectoral fin is supported by 13 to 14 fin rays. The scales in front of the dorsal fin are reduced. The pelvic fins are rounded, with the second fin ray being the longest. With an orbit diameter of 7.8 to 12.6% of the standard length, the eyes are relatively large. In contrast to the genus Saxatilia , Wallaciia lacks the humeral spot above the pectoral fin base. [2]

Species

The genus Wallaciia includes the following species: [2]

Wallaciia urosema and W. virgatula, preserved Crenicichla urosema and virgatula (middle rio Xingu).png
Wallaciia urosema and W. virgatula, preserved

Related Research Articles

<i>Crenicichla</i> Genus of fishes

Crenicichla is a genus of cichlids native to South America commonly known as the pike cichlids. They are found in most tropical and subtropical freshwater habitats between the Andes and the Atlantic.

<i>Geophagus</i> Genus of fishes

Geophagus is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Argentina and Uruguay, but a single species, G. crassilabris is from Panama. They are found in a wide range of freshwater habitats. They are part of a group popularly known as eartheaters and mostly feed by picking up mouthfuls of sediment to sift out food items such as invertebrates, plant material and detritus. The largest species reach up to 28 cm (11 in) in standard length. They are mostly kept in aquariums.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sven O. Kullander</span> Swedish ichthyologist

Sven Oscar Kullander is a Swedish biologist specialised in ichthyology. He primarily researches cichlids – notably the genus Apistogramma and the Cichlasoma-complex – and other tropical fresh water fishes. He also has been working with endangered fish species in Sweden.

Apistogramma regani is a species of South American dwarf cichlid. It is a freshwater fish found in the lower Rio Negro basin in the Amazon. The specific name is in honour of the British ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan.

<i>Apistogramma macmasteri</i> Species of fish

Apistogramma macmasteri is a dwarf cichlid in the tribe Geophagini, one of the tribes of the subfamily of American cichlids, the Cichlinae. It is a freshwater fish that lives in the rivers Guaytiquía and Metica in the Meta River system. The Meta river system is a part of the Orinoco basin in Colombia. They live in areas with soft sandy bottom and plenty of dead roots and branches in the water. Plants are uncommon in areas where Apistogramma macmasteri is found.

Crenicichla geayi, also known as the half-banded pike cichlid, is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Orinoco River basin and in the Portuguesa River basin. This species reaches a length of 18.4 cm (7.2 in).

Wallaciia heckeli is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Trombetas River close to Cachoeira Porteira, Brazil. This species reaches a length of 5.2 cm (2.0 in).

Crenicichla isbrueckeri is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Aripuanã River basin. This species reaches a length of 9.5 cm (3.7 in).

Crenicichla pellegrini is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Aripuanã River basin. This species reaches a length of 15.7 cm (6.2 in).

<i>Wallaciia regani</i> Species of fish

Wallaciia regani is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Trombetas River at Cachoeira Porteira, Brazil. This species reaches a length of 7.9 cm (3.1 in).

Crenicichla santosi is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Machado River of Rondônia, Brazil. This species reaches a length of 12 cm (4.7 in).

Crenicichla stocki is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Amazon River basin and in the Tocantins River basin. This species reaches a length of 25 cm (9.8 in).

Crenicichla sveni is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Orinoco River basin, in the Llanos of Venezuela and Colombia.. This species reaches a length of 25 cm (9.8 in).

<i>Crenicichla gillmorlisi</i> Species of fish

Crenicichla gillmorlisi is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Río Acaray drainage in Paraguay. This species reaches a length of 17.4 cm (6.9 in).

Crenicichla mandelburgeri is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the río Paraná basin. This species reaches a length of 20.8 cm (8.2 in).

Crenicichla rosemariae is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the upper Xingu River drainage; Suiá-Missu River, Amazon River basin in Brazil. This species reaches a length of 24.4 cm (9.6 in).

Crenicichla monicae is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the lower Rio Uaupés and lower Rio Içana, tributaries of the upper Rio Negro in Brazil. This species reaches a length of 27.3 cm (10.7 in).

<i>Crenicichla wallacii</i> Species of fish

Crenicichla wallacii is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Essequibo River basin, Guyana. This species reaches a length of 8.5 cm (3.3 in).

<i>Crenicichla haroldoi</i> Species of fish

Crenicichla haroldoi is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found swimming in the upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. This species reaches a length of 9.8 cm (3.9 in).

Crenicichla ploegi is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found swimming in Brazil. This species reaches a length of 28 cm (11 in).

References

  1. ↑ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (5 August 2023). "Order CICHLIFORMES: Family CICHLIDAE: Subfamily CICHLINAE (d-w)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. v. 9.0. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Henrique Rosa Varella, Sven Kullander, Naercio Menezes, Hernán López-Fernández, Claudio Oliveira: Revision of the generic classification of pike cichlids using an integrative phylogenetic approach (Cichlidae: tribe Geophagini: subtribe Crenicichlina). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlad021. June 2023. doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad021
  3. ↑ E.D. Burress, F. Alda, A. Duarte, M. Loureiro, J.W. Armbruster, P. Chakrabarty: Phylogenomics of pike cichlids (Cichlidae: Crenicichla): the rapid ecological speciation of an incipient species flock. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 31(1) · October 2017, DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13196
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