Who Killed The JAMs?

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Who Killed The JAMs?
The JAMS- Who Killed The JAMS%3F.jpg
Studio album by
Released8 February 1988
Recorded1987–88
Studio Trancentral
Genre
Length29:54
Label KLF Communications
Producer The JAMs
The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu chronology
1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)
(1987)
Who Killed The JAMs?
(1988)
Shag Times
(1989)

Who Killed The JAMs? is the second studio album by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (The JAMs), and the final one under the JAMs moniker before renaming themselves The KLF. Similar in style to the preceding 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) , the album is a fusion of hip hop, drum machines and samples of a diversity of musical works, although in general the samples are more covertly integrated here than they are in 1987.

Contents

Background

Early in 1987, Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty formed The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu and released their debut single, "All You Need Is Love". This was followed in June 1987 by their debut album, 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) , an "energetic ... [and] loopy dance album" [1] but with "too few ideas being spread too thin". [2] In October 1987, The JAMs destroyed most remaining copies of the album following a copyright complaint from ABBA and the Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society. [3] The JAMs released several other singles that year and made regular appearances in the British music press.

In a December 1987 interview, Rockman Rock claimed that The JAMs' second album would be heavy metal... "We're gonna do heavy metal covers. We thought we'd do the whole of Deep Purple in Rock ." King Boy D continued: "Before we ever did the '1987' LP, we were gonna do one called 'The Justified Ancients Of Mu Mu In Rock' and do all Deep Purple songs. Then we got all these reviews treating us seriously so we thought maybe we should do a bit more of this stuff." [4] In actuality, the duo's second LP, Who Killed The JAMs?, was "more of this stuff" – a fusion of hip hop, drum machines and samples of a diversity of musical works, albeit with the samples generally more covertly integrated than on 1987. "It's like when you have a crap and you squeeze it out and think 'I'm never going to need another one'", they told Melody Maker when discussing plans for a second album, "Then half an hour later you're thinking that maybe you will". [5]

The rear of Who Killed The JAMs?, showing unsold copies of 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) on the bonfire. The same picture was used on the American compilation CD The History of The JAMs a.k.a. The Timelords. The JAMS- Who Killed The JAMS%3F (rear).jpg
The rear of Who Killed The JAMs?, showing unsold copies of 1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?) on the bonfire. The same picture was used on the American compilation CD The History of The JAMs a.k.a. The Timelords .

Released in February 1988, the sleeve of Who Killed The JAMs? pictured Drummond and Cauty with Cauty's Ford Galaxie, later to become credited as the 'writer' of "Doctorin' the Tardis". In the foreground – and in a close-up shot on the reverse of the sleeve – was a bonfire of unsold copies of 1987 (What The Fuck Is Going On?), which The JAMs had been ordered to destroy following their copyright dispute with ABBA. [3] The fire is referenced in the song "Burn The Bastards", and The JAMs' career story to date told in the song "Prestwich Prophet's Grin". [6]

Upon release, the album was interpreted by sections of the music press to be The JAMs' last album, [7] and, excepting the compilation Shag Times , it was. Most subsequent releases by Drummond and Cauty would be under their new moniker, The KLF. Drummond: "After all the notoriety we seemed to get on the rock papers news pages over the last year (something we began to feel more and more uncomfortable with) we are going to attempt to keep a low profile in 1988.... [although] we might put out a couple of 12" records under the name The K.L.F..... As far as sampling is concerned, I'm sure we will continue doing it and from time to time get into trouble because of it, but it has always been only a part of the process of how we put our records together and not the reason for them existing. We will carry on doing what we want to do, when we want to do it, our motivation, everything we see and hear." [8]

Reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg [9]
New Musical Express 7/10 [10]
Sounds Star full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg [6]
Spin Alternative Record Guide 6/10 [11]

Melody Maker declared Who Killed The JAMs to be "divine nihilism", "an outward show of self-deception, irrationality and bankruptcy that worries and rejoices itself to death". [7] Sounds thought the album "a masterpiece of pathos", referring to "hopeless bravado in the face of massed corporate opposition", and awarded the maximum five stars. [6]

Track listing

The track listing was not actually printed on the album sleeve because, according to Drummond, "to get the record out as fast as possible after we had finished recording it, we had to deliver the art work to the printers before Christmas at which time we didn't know what the tracks were to be called." [12]

Side one

  1. "The Candystore" – 3:07
  2. "The Candyman" – 3:29
  3. "Disaster Fund Collection" – 5:38
  4. "King Boy's Dream" – 0:58

Side two

  1. "The Porpoise Song" – 5:43
  2. "Prestwich Prophet's Grin" – 5:01
  3. "Burn the Bastards" – 5:58

Related Research Articles

James Francis Cauty, also known as Rockman Rock, is an English artist and musician, best known as one-half of the duo the KLF, co-founder of the Orb and as the man who burnt £1 million.

The Black Room is an unfinished studio album recorded by the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, intended to be the follow-up to their KLF album The White Room.

<i>Chill Out</i> (KLF album) 1990 studio album by The KLF

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">It's Grim Up North</span> 1991 single by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu

"It's Grim Up North" is a song by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu. The song was originally released as a limited edition "Club Mix" in December 1990 with Pete Wylie on vocals. A re-recorded version with Bill Drummond on vocals was released commercially in October 1991. These recordings were the first releases by Drummond and his creative partner Jimmy Cauty under the JAMs moniker since the 1988 compilation album Shag Times, and the last under that name; in the meantime they had operated as the Timelords and the KLF. The 1991 single release reached No. 10 on the UK Singles Chart and entered the top 10 in Denmark and Finland.

This discography lists the key British and notable international releases of The KLF and the other pseudonyms of Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty. It also details the other releases on their independent record label, KLF Communications, by KLF-spinoff Disco 2000 and Space. In the United Kingdom—their home country—Drummond and Cauty released six albums and a wide array of 12 " singles on KLF Communications. In other territories their material was typically issued under licence by local labels.

<i>1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)</i> Debut album of The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu

1987 is the debut studio album by British electronic band the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, later known as the KLF. 1987 was produced using extensive unauthorised samples that plagiarised a wide range of musical works, continuing a theme begun in the JAMs' debut single "All You Need Is Love". These samples provided a deliberately provocative backdrop for beatbox rhythms and cryptic, political raps.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Last Train to Trancentral</span> 1990 single by The KLF

"Last Train to Trancentral" is a song released, in different mixes, as a series of singles by British electronic band The KLF, including "Last Train to Trancentral ". A commercially successful single of April 1991, it reached number two on the UK Singles Chart, number one on the UK Dance Singles Chart and achieved international top ten placings. It is a central song within The KLF's work, and is distinctive for an uplifting string-synthesiser break.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">What Time Is Love?</span> 1988 single by the KLF

"What Time Is Love?" is a song released, in different mixes, as a series of singles by the British electronic music band the KLF. It featured prominently and repeatedly in their output from 1988 to 1992 and, under the moniker of 2K, in 1997. In its original form, the track was an instrumental electronic dance anthem; subsequent reworkings, with vocals and additional instrumentation, yielded the international hit singles "What Time Is Love? " (1990), and "America: What Time Is Love?" (1991), which respectively reached number five and number four on the UK Singles Chart, and introduced the KLF to a mainstream international audience.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Justified & Ancient</span> 1991 single by The KLF

"Justified & Ancient" is a song by British band the KLF. It was featured on their 1991 studio album, The White Room, but its origins date back to the duo's debut album, 1987 .

<i>Shag Times</i> 1989 compilation album by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu

Shag Times is a UK compilation and remix double album released in 1989 by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu. The album also introduced Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty's new incarnation – and one which would become considerably more famous – The KLF.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Doctorin' the Tardis</span> Single by The Timelords

"Doctorin' the Tardis" is a novelty single by the Timelords. The song is predominantly a mash-up of the Doctor Who theme music and Gary Glitter's "Rock and Roll" with sections from "Block Buster!" by The Sweet. The single was not well received by critics but was a commercial success, hitting number one on the UK and New Zealand singles charts, and reaching the top 10 in Australia, Finland, Ireland and Norway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">All You Need Is Love (JAMs song)</span> Song by the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu

"All You Need Is Love" is a song by the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, independently released as their debut single on 9 March 1987. A politically topical song concerning the British media's AIDS furore, the track was initially given a 12" white label release because of its sampling of other records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whitney Joins the JAMs</span> Song by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu

"Whitney Joins the JAMs" is a song and 1987 single by the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu. The song, released on the JAMs' independent label KLF Communications, is built around plagiarised samples of Whitney Houston in which—thanks to studio technology—she "joins the JAMs".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Down Town</span> 1987 single by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">The KLF</span> British electronic music duo

The KLF are a British electronic band who originated in Liverpool and London in the late 1980s. Scottish musician Bill Drummond and English musician Jimmy Cauty began by releasing hip hop-inspired and sample-heavy records as the JAMs. As the Timelords, they recorded the British number-one single "Doctorin' the Tardis", and documented the process of making a hit record in a book The Manual . As the KLF, Drummond and Cauty pioneered stadium house and, with their 1990 LP Chill Out, the ambient house genre. The KLF released a series of international hits on their own KLF Communications record label and became the biggest selling singles act in the world in 1991.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fuck the Millennium</span> 1997 single by 2K

"Fuck the Millennium", sometimes spelled "***k the Millennium", is a protest song by the band 2K—Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty—better known as the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu or the KLF. The song was inspired musically by Jeremy Deller's "Acid Brass" project, where a traditional brass band plays acid house classics; these include the KLF's "What Time Is Love?". They were also inspired topically by the then-forthcoming end of the second millennium and the plans to celebrate it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Burn the Bastards</span> 1988 single by The KLF

"Burn the Bastards" is a 1988 song by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty as The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, from their second, and final before changing names, album Who Killed The JAMs?. The "bastards" of the title are copies of The JAMs first album, 1987 , which Drummond and Cauty burnt on a bonfire in a Swedish field after a copyright dispute with the Swedish pop group ABBA. The song was released as a single, along with a separate single of remixes titled "Burn the Beat". Both singles were credited to The KLF, marking a change of name and with it a change of musical genre, from The JAMs' sample-fuelled political hip-hop to The KLF's upbeat and uptempo house music.

<i>2023: A Trilogy</i> 2017 book by Jimmy Cauty and Bill Drummond

2023: A Trilogy is a book by Jimmy Cauty and Bill Drummond writing as The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu. The book was published in 2017, 23 years after the duo had burnt one million British pounds they earned in the music industry as The KLF.

Welcome to the Dark Ages was a three-day event organised by The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu, held in Liverpool in August 2017. The event heralded a revival of the creative partnership between Jimmy Cauty and Bill Drummond, under the name with which they first recorded and released music together in 1987. The duo had last worked together in 1997, when, as 2K, they staged an art performance and released a single, "Fuck the Millennium", and, as K2 Plant Hire Ltd, hatched a plan to build a "People's Pyramid" to celebrate the new millennium.

References

  1. Robbins, Ira. "KLF". Trouser Press . Retrieved 19 April 2006.
  2. Cranna, Ian (1987). "1987 (What the Fuck Is Going On?)". Q (review). Archived (via the Library of Mu) on 4 October 2016.
  3. 1 2 Brown, James (17 October 1987). "Thank you for the music". NME .
  4. Smith, Mat (12 December 1987). "The Great TUNE Robbery". Melody Maker . Archived (via the Library of Mu) on 4 October 2016.
  5. "Amply Sam(ply) Fox's 'Touch Me'". Melody Maker . 4 July 1987.
  6. 1 2 3 "Who Killed The JAMs?". Sounds (review). 13 February 1988.
  7. 1 2 Who Killed The JAMs? Review (February 1988), Melody Maker .
  8. Drummond, Bill (22 January 1988). "KLF Info Sheet". KLF Communications. Archived (via the Library of Mu) on 16 September 2016.
  9. Who Killed The JAMs? Review
  10. Pouncey, Edwin (13 February 1988). "Milking The Mu Mu". New Musical Express . p. 32.
  11. Weisbard, Eric; Marks, Craig, eds. (1995). Spin Alternative Record Guide. United States: Vintage Books. p. 213. ISBN   0-679-75574-8.
  12. Drummond, Bill (10 March 1988). "1988 Info Sheet One". KLF Communications. Archived (via the Library of Mu) on 16 September 2016.

Sources