Content | |
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Description | A wiki-based resource for collection, maintenance and distribution of biological pathways |
Contact | |
Primary citation | PMID 18651794 |
Access | |
Data format | GPML BioPAX |
Website | http://www.wikipathways.org |
Download URL | Pathways |
Web service URL | REST |
Sparql endpoint | http://sparql.wikipathways.org/sparql |
Miscellaneous | |
License | Creative Commons 0 |
Data release frequency | monthly |
WikiPathways [1] [2] is a community resource for contributing and maintaining content dedicated to biological pathways. Any registered WikiPathways user can contribute, and anybody can become a registered user. [3] Contributions are monitored by a group of admins, but the bulk of peer review, editorial curation, and maintenance is the responsibility of the user community. WikiPathways is originally built using MediaWiki software, [4] a custom graphical pathway editing tool (PathVisio [5] ) and integrated BridgeDb [6] databases covering major gene, protein, and metabolite systems. WikiPathways was founded in 2008 by Thomas Kelder, Alex Pico, Martijn Van Iersel, Kristina Hanspers, Bruce Conklin and Chris Evelo. Current architects are Alex Pico and Martina Summer-Kutmon.
Each article at WikiPathways is dedicated to a particular pathway. Many types of molecular pathways are covered, including metabolic, [7] signaling, regulatory, etc. and the supported [8] species include human, mouse, zebrafish, fruit fly, C. elegans, yeast, rice and arabidopsis, [9] as well as bacteria and plant species. Using a search feature, one can locate a particular pathway by name, by the genes and proteins it contains, or by the text displayed in its description. The pathway collection can also be browsed with combinations of species names and ontology-based categories.
In addition to the pathway diagram, each pathway page also includes a description, bibliography, pathway version history and list of component genes and proteins with linkouts to public resources. For individual pathway nodes, users can access a list of other pathways with that node. Pathway changes can be monitored by displaying previous revisions or by viewing differences between specific revisions. Using the pathway history one can also revert to a previous revision of a pathway. Pathways can also be tagged with ontology terms from three major BioPortal ontologies (Pathway, Disease and Cell Type).
The pathway content at WikiPathways is freely available for download in several data and image formats. WikiPathways is completely open access and open source. All content is available under Creative Commons 0. All source code for WikiPathways and the PathVisio editor is available under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
In addition to various primary data formats (e.g. GPML, BioPAX, Reactome, [10] KEGG, and RDF [11] ), WikiPathways supports a variety of ways to integrate and interact with pathway content. These include directed link-outs, image maps, RSS feeds and deep web services. [12] This enables reuse in projects like COVID19 Disease Map. [13]
WikiPathways content is used to annotate and cross-link Wikipedia articles covering various genes, proteins, metabolites and pathways. Here are a few examples:
A biochemical cascade, also known as a signaling cascade or signaling pathway, is a series of chemical reactions that occur within a biological cell when initiated by a stimulus. This stimulus, known as a first messenger, acts on a receptor that is transduced to the cell interior through second messengers which amplify the signal and transfer it to effector molecules, causing the cell to respond to the initial stimulus. Most biochemical cascades are series of events, in which one event triggers the next, in a linear fashion. At each step of the signaling cascade, various controlling factors are involved to regulate cellular actions, in order to respond effectively to cues about their changing internal and external environments.
The DrugBank database is a comprehensive, freely accessible, online database containing information on drugs and drug targets created and maintained by the University of Alberta and The Metabolomics Innovation Centre located in Alberta, Canada. As both a bioinformatics and a cheminformatics resource, DrugBank combines detailed drug data with comprehensive drug target information. DrugBank has used content from Wikipedia; Wikipedia also often links to Drugbank, posing potential circular reporting issues.
Reactome is a free online database of biological pathways. It is manually curated and authored by PhD-level biologists, in collaboration with Reactome editorial staff. The content is cross-referenced to many bioinformatics databases. The rationale behind Reactome is to visually represent biological pathways in full mechanistic detail, while making the source data available in a computationally accessible format.
GenMAPP is a free, open-source bioinformatics software tool designed to visualize and analyze genomic data in the context of pathways, connecting gene-level datasets to biological processes and disease. First created in 2000, GenMAPP is developed by an open-source team based in an academic research laboratory. GenMAPP maintains databases of gene identifiers and collections of pathway maps in addition to visualization and analysis tools. Together with other public resources, GenMAPP aims to provide the research community with tools to gain insight into biology through the integration of data types ranging from genes to proteins to pathways to disease.
Rfam is a database containing information about non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families and other structured RNA elements. It is an annotated, open access database originally developed at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in collaboration with Janelia Farm, and currently hosted at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Rfam is designed to be similar to the Pfam database for annotating protein families.
In enzymology, a glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
MicrobesOnline is a publicly and freely accessible website that hosts multiple comparative genomic tools for comparing microbial species at the genomic, transcriptomic and functional levels. MicrobesOnline was developed by the Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, which is based at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California. The site was launched in 2005, with regular updates until 2011.
Anders Krogh is a bioinformatician at the University of Copenhagen, where he leads the university's bioinformatics center. He is known for his pioneering work on the use of hidden Markov models in bioinformatics, and is co-author of a widely used textbook in bioinformatics. In addition, he also co-authored one of the early textbooks on neural networks. His current research interests include promoter analysis, non-coding RNA, gene prediction and protein structure prediction.
In molecular biology, STRING is a biological database and web resource of known and predicted protein–protein interactions.
Lincoln David Stein is a scientist and Professor in bioinformatics and computational biology at the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research.
Pathway Commons is a database of biological pathways and interactions.
SABIO-RK is a web-accessible database storing information about biochemical reactions and their kinetic properties.
The Small Molecule Pathway Database (SMPDB) is a comprehensive, high-quality, freely accessible, online database containing more than 600 small molecule (i.e. metabolic) pathways found in humans. SMPDB is designed specifically to support pathway elucidation and pathway discovery in metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and systems biology. It is able to do so, in part, by providing colorful, detailed, fully searchable, hyperlinked diagrams of five types of small molecule pathways: 1) general human metabolic pathways; 2) human metabolic disease pathways; 3) human metabolite signaling pathways; 4) drug-action pathways and 5) drug metabolism pathways. SMPDB pathways may be navigated, viewed and zoomed interactively using a Google Maps-like interface. All SMPDB pathways include information on the relevant organs, subcellular compartments, protein cofactors, protein locations, metabolite locations, chemical structures and protein quaternary structures (Fig. 1). Each small molecule in SMPDB is hyperlinked to detailed descriptions contained in the HMDB or DrugBank and each protein or enzyme complex is hyperlinked to UniProt. Additionally, all SMPDB pathways are accompanied with detailed descriptions and references, providing an overview of the pathway, condition or processes depicted in each diagram. Users can browse the SMPDB (Fig. 2) or search its contents by text searching (Fig. 3), sequence searching, or chemical structure searching. More powerful queries are also possible including searching with lists of gene or protein names, drug names, metabolite names, GenBank IDs, Swiss-Prot IDs, Agilent or Affymetrix microarray IDs. These queries will produce lists of matching pathways and highlight the matching molecules on each of the pathway diagrams. Gene, metabolite and protein concentration data can also be visualized through SMPDB's mapping interface.
The Multi-Omics Profiling Expression Database (MOPED) was an expanding multi-omics resource that supports rapid browsing of transcriptomics and proteomics information from publicly available studies on model organisms and humans. As to date (2021) it has ceased activities and is unaccessible online.
Christoph Steinbeck is a German chemist and has a professorship for analytical chemistry, cheminformatics and chemometrics at the Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena in Thuringia.
PathVisio is a free open-source pathway analysis and drawing software. It allows drawing, editing, and analyzing biological pathways. Visualization of ones experimental data on the pathways for finding relevant pathways that are over-represented in your data set is possible.
Biocuration is the field of life sciences dedicated to organizing biomedical data, information and knowledge into structured formats, such as spreadsheets, tables and knowledge graphs. The biocuration of biomedical knowledge is made possible by the cooperative work of biocurators, software developers and bioinformaticians and is at the base of the work of biological databases.
As of this edit, this article uses content from "WikiPathWays:About" , which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed.