The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: Xanthoparmelia, Usnea, Parmotrema, and Hypotrachyna.
Melanohalea is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. It contains 30 mostly Northern Hemisphere species that grow on bark or on wood. The genus is characterised by the presence of pseudocyphellae, usually on warts or on the tips of isidia, a non-pored epicortex and a medulla containing depsidones or lacking secondary metabolites. Melanohalea was circumscribed in 2004 as a segregate of the morphologically similar genus Melanelia, which was created in 1978 for certain brown Parmelia species. The methods used to estimate the evolutionary history of Melanohalea suggest that its diversification primarily occurred during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs.
Xanthoparmelia is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. This genus of lichen is commonly found in the United States, South America, southern Africa, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.
Xanthoparmelia conspersa, commonly known as the peppered rock-shield, is a foliose lichen and the type species of genus Xanthoparmelia. It is widely distributed in temperate zones, and has been recorded from Japan, Europe, Africa, North America, and South America.
Xanthoparmelia mexicana, commonly known as the salted rock-shield, is a foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It grows in 4–10 cm diameter rosettes of gray-green to yellow-green lobes in arid climates all over the world.
Arctoparmelia separata, commonly known as the rippled ring lichen, is a species of foliose, ring lichen in the family Parmeliaceae with a roughly circumpolar distribution.
Xanthoparmelia lineola, commonly known as the tight rock-shield, is a foliose lichen species in the genus Xanthoparmelia. It is a common species with a temperate distribution. Found in North America and South Africa, it grows on rocks.
Xanthoparmelia cumberlandia is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. It is also known as a member of the rockfrong lichens due to its coloration.
Xanthoparmelia californica is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. The lichen is uncommon and is listed as imperiled by the Nature Conservatory.
Xanthoparmelia subramigera is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus.
Xanthoparmelia plittii is a foliose lichen in the genus Xanthoparmelia.
Xanthoparmelia angustiphylla is a foliose lichen that belongs to the genus Xanthoparmelia.
Xanthoparmelia ajoensis is a foliose lichen that belongs to the genus Xanthoparmelia. The lichen is uncommon and is listed as vulnerable by the Nature Conservatory.
Xanthoparmelia arida is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. The lichen is an arid shield lichen and is uncommon. It is listed as apparently secure by the Nature Conservatory. It is noted for being similar to Xanthoparmelia joranadia.
Xanthoparmelia lecanorica is a foliose lichen that belongs to the genus Xanthoparmelia. It is noted for being similar in appearance and has often been misidentified as Xanthoparmelia arida.
Xanthoparmelia idahoensis is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. The lichen is uncommon and is listed as endangered by the Nature Conservatory.
Xanthoparmelia montanensis is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. It is also known as the Montana Rock-shield Lichen.
Xanthoparmelia neowyomingica is a rock shield lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. The lichen is uncommon and is listed as endangered by the Nature Conservatory.
Xanthoparmelia schmidtii is a lichen which belongs to the Xanthoparmelia genus. The lichen is uncommon and is listed as endangered by the Nature Conservatory.
Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis is a foliose lichen that belongs to the genus Xanthoparmelia. The lichen is also known as the Kamchatka rock-shield lichen. The lichen was formally described as a new species in 1974 by American lichenologist Mason Hale.
