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Deinococcus is in the monotypic family Deinococcaceae, and one genus of three in the order Deinococcales of the bacterial phylum Deinococcota highly resistant to environmental hazards. These bacteria have thick cell walls that give them Gram-positive stains, but they include a second membrane and so are closer in structure to Gram-negative bacteria. Deinococcus survive when their DNA is exposed to high doses of gamma and UV radiation. Whereas other bacteria change their structure in the presence of radiation, such as by forming endospores, Deinococcus tolerate it without changing their cellular form and do not retreat into a hardened structure. They are also characterized by the presence of the carotenoid pigment deinoxanthin that give them their pink color. They are usually isolated according to these two criteria. In August 2020, scientists reported that bacteria from Earth, particularly Deinococcus bacteria, were found to survive for three years in outer space, based on studies conducted on the International Space Station. These findings support the notion of panspermia, the hypothesis that life exists throughout the Universe, distributed in various ways, including space dust, meteoroids, asteroids, comets, planetoids or contaminated spacecraft.
Arsenate reductase (cytochrome c) (EC 1.20.2.1, arsenite oxidase) is an enzyme with systematic name arsenite:cytochrome c oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Comamonas terrae is a bacterium from the genus Comamonas, which was isolated from agricultural soil in Thailand. C. terrae has an arsenite-oxidizing ability.
Bosea lupini is a bacterium from the genus of Bosea. B. lupini is an aerobic and gram-negative bacterium capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth.
Streptomyces radiopugnans is a halotolerant and radiation resistant bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from radiation polluted soil from the Xinjiang Province in China.
Streptomyces zinciresistens is a filamentous bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from a copper and zinc mine in the Shaanxi province in China. Streptomyces zinciresistens is resistant against zinc.
Hansschlegelia zhihuaiae is a Gram-negative and aerobic bacterium species from the genus of Hansschlegelia which has been isolated from polluted farmland soil in the Jiangsu Province in China.
Laceyella is a Gram-positive, thermophilic, spore-forming and aerobic bacterial genus from the family of Thermoactinomycetaceae. The genus Laceyella is namened after the English microbiologist John Lacey.
Xenophilus is a genus of bacteria from the family Comamonadaceae.
Xenophilus aerolatus is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus Xenophilus which has been isolated from air from Suwon in Korea.
Xenophilus azovorans is a bacterium from the genus Xenophilus which has been isolated from soil in Switzerland.
Microbacterium radiodurans is a Gram-positive, heterotrophic and strictly aerobic bacterium from the genus Microbacterium which has been isolated from the Gobi desert in China. Microbacterium radiodurans is resistant against UV radiation.
Olivibacter jilunii is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Olivibacter which has been isolated from DDT-contaminated soil in China.
Saccharopolyspora antimicrobia is a Gram-positive, aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Saccharopolyspora which has been isolated from soil in Beijing and Sichuan in China.
Comamonas jiangduensis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus Comamonas which has been isolated from soil from a rice field in Jiangdu in China.
Roseomonas oryzae is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pale pink-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from rice paddy rhizosphere soil in Western Ghats, Kankumbi, India. The species name is derived from Latin oryzae.
Roseomonas rhizosphaerae is a species of Gram negative, strictly aerobic, coccobacilli-shaped, pink-colored bacterium. It was first isolated from soil under long-term application of triazofos in Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China, and the species was first proposed in 2011. The species name refers to the rhizosphere from which it was first isolated.
Microvirga indica is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and arsenite-oxidizing bacterium from the genus of Microvirga which has been isolated from metal industry waste soil from Pirangut in India.
Lysobacter arseniciresistens is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic, arsenite-resistant and motile bacterium from the genus of Lysobacter which has been isolated from soil from an iron mine in Daye in China.
Radiobacillus is a Gram-positive, UV-resistant, rod-shaped, aerobic, endospore-forming and non-motile genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae with one known species. Radiobacillus deserti has been isolated from sandy soil from the Taklimakan Desert.
References
- 1 2 Parte, A.C. "Xenophilus". LPSN .
- 1 2 "Xenophilus arseniciresistens". www.uniprot.org.
- ↑ Li, Q.-F.; Sun, L.-N.; Kwon, S.-W.; Chen, Q.; He, J.; Li, S.-P.; Zhang, J. (28 February 2014). "Xenophilus arseniciresistens sp. nov., an arsenite-resistant bacterium isolated from soil". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (Pt 6): 1926–1931. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.061515-0 . PMID 24585373.
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