Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study,design,and application of equipment,devices,and systems which use electricity,electronics,and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after the commercialization of the electric telegraph,the telephone,and electrical power generation,distribution,and use.
An integrated circuit (IC),also known as a microchip,computer chip,or simply chip,is a small electronic device made up of multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors,resistors,and capacitors. These components are etched onto a small piece of semiconductor material,usually silicon. Integrated circuits are used in a wide range of electronic devices,including computers,smartphones,and televisions,to perform various functions such as processing and storing information. They have greatly impacted the field of electronics by enabling device miniaturization and enhanced functionality.
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a III-V direct band gap semiconductor with a zinc blende crystal structure.
Monolithic microwave integrated circuit,or MMIC,is a type of integrated circuit (IC) device that operates at microwave frequencies. These devices typically perform functions such as microwave mixing,power amplification,low-noise amplification,and high-frequency switching. Inputs and outputs on MMIC devices are frequently matched to a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. This makes them easier to use,as cascading of MMICs does not then require an external matching network. Additionally,most microwave test equipment is designed to operate in a 50-ohm environment.
Xidian University is a public university in Xi'an,Shaanxi,China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education,and co-funded by the Ministry of Education,the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,SASTIND,and China Electronics Technology Group Corporation. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction and Project 211.
Roke Manor Research Limited is a British company based at Roke Manor near Romsey,Hampshire,which conducts research and development in the fields of communications,networks,electronic sensors,artificial intelligence,machine learning,data science,Military decision support consultancy and operational analysis,information assurance,and human science. In addition to supporting its parent Chemring,Roke undertakes contract research and development,and product development work for both public and private sector customers. Products developed from research at Roke Manor include the Hawk-Eye ball tracker,which is now used widely in sports such as tennis,football,and cricket.
The heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) is a type of bipolar junction transistor (BJT) which uses differing semiconductor materials for the emitter and base regions,creating a heterojunction. The HBT improves on the BJT in that it can handle signals of very high frequencies,up to several hundred GHz. It is commonly used in modern ultrafast circuits,mostly radio frequency (RF) systems,and in applications requiring a high power efficiency,such as RF power amplifiers in cellular phones. The idea of employing a heterojunction is as old as the conventional BJT,dating back to a patent from 1951. Detailed theory of heterojunction bipolar transistor was developed by Herbert Kroemer in 1957.
Nathen Porter Edwards was a former IBM hardware architect,retired in 1990. He did his military service in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1946,as a LTJG,Deck,USNR,Pacific,Chief Radio Technician,followed by Stanford University,where he gained an MS EE in 1949.
Milton Feng co-created the first transistor laser,working with Nick Holonyak in 2004. The paper discussing their work was voted in 2006 as one of the five most important papers published by the American Institute of Physics since its founding 75 years ago. In addition to the invention of transistor laser,he is also well known for inventions of other "major breakthrough" devices,including the world's fastest transistor and light-emitting transistor (LET). As of May,2009 he is a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and holds the Nick Holonyak Jr. Endowed Chair Professorship.
Thomas H. Lee is a professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at Stanford University. Lee's research focus has been on gigahertz-speed wireline and wireless integrated circuits built in conventional silicon technologies,particularly CMOS;microwave;and RF circuits.
Carlos A. Paz de Araújo is a Brazilian American scientist and inventor with nearly 600 patents registered in his name. Most of them are associated with nanotechnology,particularly a ferroelectric memory chip (FeRAM)
Caswell is a lost settlement within Greens Norton civil parish in West Northamptonshire,England,approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Towcester,8 miles (13 km) south-west of Northampton and 12 miles (19 km) north-west of Milton Keynes. It consists almost entirely of Caswell Park science and technology park,which has developed since the 1940s around a 19th-century farmhouse.
Naoki Yokoyama is a Japanese electrical engineer,active in the fields of nanotechnology and electronic and photonic devices,best known for his success in fabricating hot-electron transistors and invention of resonant-tunneling transistors.
Yalçın Ayaslı is a Turkish-American business executive and electrical engineer.
Mohamed M. Atalla was an Egyptian-American engineer,physicist,cryptographer,inventor and entrepreneur. He was a semiconductor pioneer who made important contributions to modern electronics. He is best known for inventing,along with his colleague Dawon Kahng,the MOSFET in 1959,which along with Atalla's earlier surface passivation processes,had a significant impact on the development of the electronics industry. He is also known as the founder of the data security company Atalla Corporation,founded in 1972. He received the Stuart Ballantine Medal and was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for his important contributions to semiconductor technology as well as data security.
Payam Heydari is an Iranian-American Professor who is noted for his contribution to the field of radio-frequency and millimeter-wave integrated circuits.
James J. Coleman is an electrical engineer who worked at Bell Labs,Rockwell International,and the University of Illinois,Urbana. He is best known for his work on semiconductor lasers,materials and devices including strained-layer indium gallium arsenide lasers and selective area epitaxy. Coleman is a Fellow of the IEEE and a member of the US National Academy of Engineering.
Nicolaos Georgiou Alexopoulos is a Greek electrical engineer,former professor and university dean,and a champion of education and research. He currently serves as the Vice President for Academic Programs and University Relations at the Broadcom Foundation,and previously was Vice President for Antennas,RF Technologies,and University Relations at Broadcom Corporation from 2008 to 2015. In 2005,he received an honorary doctorate degree from the National Technical University of Athens "for contributions to education and research in engineering electrodynamics and for his public lectures on the 'Genesis and Destruction of the First Research University:The Museum/Library of Alexandria."
Arthur Aaron Oliner was an American physicist and electrical engineer,who was professor emeritus at department of electrical and computer engineering at New York University-Polytechnic. Best known for his contributions to engineering electromagnetics and antenna theory,he is regarded as a pioneer of leaky wave theory and leaky wave antennas.
Joan M. Redwing is an American materials scientist known for research on electronic and optoelectronic materials,including the processing of semiconductor thin films and nanomaterials by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Redwing is a distinguished professor of materials science and engineering and electrical engineering at Pennsylvania State University and director of the university's 2D Crystal Consortium research facility. She is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,the American Physical Society,and the Materials Research Society.
