Zimbabwe National Roads Administration

Last updated

The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA) is a Zimbabwean parastatal responsible for the management, maintenance and development of Zimbabwe's national road network.

Contents

Background

The Zimbabwe National Road Administration (ZINARA) falls under the Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development and was established in August 2001, in terms of the Roads Act of 2001 with the aim of enhancing road network system throughout the Zimbabwe. [1]

ZINARA's vision and mission is to become a world class road manager, providing secure, stable and adequate reservoir of funds, to fund effectively maintenance of the national road network through fixing, collection, disbursement and monitoring of funds usage for preservation, enhancement and sustainable development. [2]

Governance

ZINARA is run under the Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development

ZINARA consists of a part-time Board of Directors which serves for a three-year period, and a full-time CEO. [3] It has 12 board members and 7 senior managers in 7 departments. [4]

Board Members

ZINARA Board Members as of Monday, 8 October 2019 were 12 members: [5]

• The Board Chairman

• The Vice - Board Chairman

• The 10 Board Members

Executive team

The ZINARA Executive team as on Monday, 28 October 2019 were as follows: [6]

• Mr. Nkosinathi Ncube (CEO)

• Mr. G. Moyo (Director: Administration)

• Mrs. V. Muzite (Company Secretary)

Road Authorities

The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA) is responsible for managing the Road Fund and disbursing the local road authorities. The local road authorities are:

• The Department of Roads in the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Development which is responsible for trunk roads.

• The Urban Councils responsible for urban roads.

• The Rural District Councils (RDC) and the District Development Fund (DDF) which are responsible rural roads. [7] [8]

Road Network

The road network excluding urban roads totals 76,241 km of which 9,256 km or 12.1% are bitumen surfaced. [9] [10]

Road Network Thursday, 1 November 2012 10:31 Most of these roads are more than 30 years and therefore requires complete rehabilitation works. ZINARA has in the past 9 years been able to fund the routine and periodic maintenance countrywide.

Road Categories

Classified roads fall under three categories. [11]

1. Regional Trunk Road Network (RTRN): Roads linking countries within southern African region.

2. Secondary Roads: Those roads that connect regional, primary, tertiary and urban roads, industrial and mining centers, tourist attractions and minor border posts are the secondary roads.

3. Tertiary Roads: Those roads which provide access to schools, health centers, dip tanks and other service facilities within a rural district council area or connect and provide access to secondary, primary and regional roads.

Total Road Network in Zimbabwe is 87,654 km which include the paved or unpaved, the urban, rural and state roads.

• State Highways 18,460 km

• Urban Roads 8,194 km

• Rural Roads 61,000 km

Road Names

Road and Route numbers in Zimbabwe may differ depending on the route concerned.

Previously, national routes were denoted with the letter "A" followed by a number indicating the specific route. Today the "A" numbers are just Map Reference Numbers known by not much of the populace. (The term "national road" is frequently used to refer to a national route, but technically a "national road" is any road overseen by the ZINARA. A national road need not necessarily form part of a national route. )

Today primary roads on Zimbabwe are denoted with the letter "P" followed by a number indicating the specific route. Primary roads which are regional road corridors are denoted with the letter "R" followed by a number indicating the internal regional road corridor.

Unlike in South Africa where routes are clearly numbered and labeled as such, most roads in Zimbabwe are publicly known by their common names or destinations.

Zimbabwe “A” Highways (1975)

SOURCES: [Automobile Association Map 1975] [12]

[Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.] [13]

List NumberMap Section NumberTrunk Road NumberCommon Name
1 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway
2 A2 R4 Harare-Nyamapanda Highway
3 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway
4 A4 R1 Harare-Beitbridge Highway
5 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway
6 A6 R9 Beitbridge-Gwanda Highway
7 A7 R2 Bulawayo Plumtree Highway
8 A8 R9 Victoria Falls Highway
9 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway
10 A10 P5 Ngundu-Tanganda Road
11 A11 P1 Harare-Mt Darwin Highway
12 A12 - Mazowe=Centenary Highway
13 A13 - Harare-Shamva Highway
14 A14 - Rusape-Juliusdale Highway
15 A15 - Mutare-Nyanga Highway
16 A16 - Birchenough Bridge-Chipinga Highway
17 A17 R7 Gweru-Mvuma Highway
18 A18 - Gweru-Shurugwi
19 M15 Highway P12 Makuti-Kariba Highway

Primary Roads (Ordinary)

Zimbabwe "A" classified roads as of 1975 Zimbabwe A Roads.jpg
Zimbabwe "A" classified roads as of 1975
Zimbabwe Primary Roads Zimbabwe Primary Roads and Road Corridors.jpg
Zimbabwe Primary Roads

Source: [Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.] [14]

RoadAliasCommon NameRemarks
P1 -Harare-Mt Darwin-Mukumbura RoadThe map is not clear on whether P1 is Mt Darwin-Mukumbura Road or Harare-Mukumbura Road via Mt Darwin.
P2 ---
P3 Marondera-Murehwa Road Macheke-Juru Road
P4 A9 Mutare-Masvingo Road A9 is a combination of this P4 and P7 to form the Mutare-Mbalabala Highway
P5 A10 Ngundu Tanganda Road A10 runs from Ngundu via Triangle to A9 well past Tanganda.
P6---
P7 A9 Masvingo-Mbalabala Road A9 is a combination of this P7 and P4 to the Mutare-Mbalabala Highway
P8 Luveve-Nkayi Road Kwekwe Nkayi RoadLuveve is where P8 branches off from the P11 popularly called Kwekwe-Gokwe Highway
P9 -Nkayi-Lupane Road P9 is a continuition of P8 to form the Kwekwe-Lupane Road.
P10 -Lupane loop road P10 branches off from the A8 and runs pararell to it connecting Lupane Centre to the Bulawayo-Victoria Falls Highway
P11 R847 Highway Kwekwe-Gokwe Highway This road eventually reaches Binga however not wholly paved
P12 M15 Highway Makuti-Kariba Highway M15 Highway is an international road that crosses the Zambezi River over the Kariba Dam
P13 - Chegutu-Chinhoyi Highway The P13 links the A1 and the A5 to short cut the Chirundu-Bulawayo route.
P14 -Victoria Falls-Kazungula RoadThis is the shortest route from Zambia to Botswana

Regional Road Corridors

Source: [Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.] [15]

RoadAliasCommon NameRemarks
R1 A4 Harare-Beitbridge Highway
R2 A5 & A7 Harare-Plumtree Highway Two roads forming 1 route
R3 A1 Harare-Chirundu Highway
R4 A2 Harare-Nyamapanda Highway
R5 A3 Harare-Mutare Highway
R6 - Chivhu-Nyazura Highway
R7 A17 Gweru-Mvura Highway
R8 - Rutenga-Sango Road Unpaved
R9 A6 & A8 Victoria Falls-Beitbridge Highway Two roads forming 1 route

SADC Regional Trunk Road Network

Zimbabwe being a member state of SADC, ZINARA works in conjunction with other regional road authorities and it does its part on regional road corridors passing through Zimbabwe.

Regional Trunk Roads Network in Zimbabwe in proportion of total regional trunk roads are as follows:

• Reference Roads: 1 600 km (Regional total 29 300 km)

• Intermediate Roads: 1 000 km (Regional total 11 600 km)

• Branch, Link and Connecting Roads: 1 100 km (Regional total 21 700 km)

• Total 3 700 km (Regional total 62 600 km)

• Regional Percentage: 6% (Regional total 100%)

So ZINARA does only 6% of regional trunk roads.

(Source: Revised RIDMP Draft -Annexure 5.6 – Roads.) [16]

SADC Numbered Roads

The regional organization, Southern African Development Community has its own numbered routes which usually are a combination of multiple roads across one or more member countries.

The Southern African Development Community Regional Trunk Road Network (SADC-RTRN) is a system of numbered road corridors in Southern Africa. The most important part of the network is the reference roads, which are major trans-regional routes. [17] [18]

Operations

ZINARA’s core business, in consultations with the minister of transport, communication and infrastructural development is fixing road user charges and collect such charges or any other revenue of the road fund. [19] [20]

The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA)

• Fixes the levels of road user charges (RUC).

• Collects RUC as well as other revenue of the Road Fund.

• Sets maintenance, design, construction and technical standards.

• Monitors adherence to such standards by Road Authorities.

• Allocates and disburse to road authorities funds from the Road Fund in accordingly.

• Audits the use of funds from the Road Fund.

• Monitors implementation of road maintenance works by Road Authorities.

• Assists Road Authorities in making annual or multi-year road maintenance rolling plans.

Road Fund

The Road Fund was established in terms of the Roads Act of 2001 with the objective to provide a stable, adequate, secure and sustainable source of funding for road maintenance work in Zimbabwe. The Road Fund comes from, Road user charges, Appropriations from Parliament and Grants. The fund is then used for routine and periodic road maintenance of roads and other roads related projects approved by the ZINARA Board. [21]

The main source of ZINARA funds are the vehicle licence fees (30%), fuel levy (28%), toll roads (21%) and transit fees (19%). Toll roads fees could be the main contributor now because the toll gates have risen from 23 as of 2011 to 36 as of December 2015 nationwide. [22]

International Transit Tolls

International transit tolls are collected from foreign buses and heavy goods vehicles at border posts as they enter Zimbabwe. These cross-border charges are levied according to the distance each vehicle is to travel while inside Zimbabwe. International transit coupons are purchased in advance in foreign currency, and the revenue is paid to ZINARA. Each transit vehicle along the RTRN is issued a permit which states the destination of that particular vehicle. Local and foreign light motor vehicles, as well as on local heavy motor vehicles entering Zimbabwe except those with coupons paid in advance, are levied with the Road Access Toll at all border posts. A flat rate, in cash, is charged in accordance with the vehicle category. [23]

Toll Gates

Most highways linking cities are now toll roads following the construction of 36 toll plazas throughout the country. [24] [25] These are State of art tollgates are the first in the world to be 100% self-sufficient and solar powered.

Toll Points Table

Plaza numberMap Section NumberTrunk Road NumberCommon NameToll PlazaLocationNearest Center
1 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway Ruwa 17°57′51″S31°18′36″E / 17.9642°S 31.3099°E / -17.9642; 31.3099 (Ruwa Tollgate) 35.11 km from Harare
2 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway Crocodile 18°24′25″S32°08′39″E / 18.4069°S 32.1442°E / -18.4069; 32.1442 (Crocodile Tollgate) 14 km from Rusape
3 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway Riverside 18°55′46″S32°32′33″E / 18.92931°S 32.5425°E / -18.92931; 32.5425 (Riverside Tollgate) 18 km from Mutare
4 A2 R4 Harare-Nyamapanda Highway Enterprise Road 17°44′16″S30°12′10″E / 17.7377°S 30.2028°E / -17.7377; 30.2028 (Enterprise Road Tollgate) 20 km from Harare
5 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway Inkomo 17°41′43″S30°44′45″E / 17.6953°S 30.7458°E / -17.6953; 30.7458 (Inkomo Tollgate) 43 km from Harare
6 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway Lions' Den 17°16′27″S30°02′30″E / 17.2743°S 30.0416°E / -17.2743; 30.0416 (Lions' Den Tollgate) 22 km from Chinhoyi
7 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway Norton 17°56′18″S30°39′00″E / 17.9383°S 30.6499°E / -17.9383; 30.6499 (Norton Tollgate) 44.5 km from Harare
8 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway Kadoma 18°25′44″S29°49′53″E / 18.4288°S 29.8313°E / -18.4288; 29.8313 (Kadoma Tollgate) 14 km from Kadoma
9 A4 R1 Harare-Beitbridge Highway Skyline 17°58′12″S30°58′12″E / 17.9701°S 30.9699°E / -17.9701; 30.9699 (Skyline Tollgate) 19 km from Harare
10 A4 R1 Harare-Beitbridge Highway Mushagashi 19°47′30″S30°43′57″E / 19.7917°S 30.7326°E / -19.7917; 30.7326 (Mushagashi Tollgate) 32 km from Masvingo
11 A11 P1 Harare-Mt Darwin Highway Eskbank 17°41′30″S30°00′28″E / 17.6916°S 30.0077°E / -17.6916; 30.0077 (Eskbank Tollgate) 18 km from Harare
12 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway Treetop 19°34′30″S30°43′48″E / 19.5751°S 30.7301°E / -19.5751; 30.7301 (Treetop Tollgate) 17 km from Gweru
13 A5 R2 Bulawayo-Gweru Cement 20°06′45″S28°41′09″E / 20.1124°S 28.6857°E / -20.1124; 28.6857 (Cement Tollgate) 17 km from Bulawayo
14 A18 - Gweru-Shurugwi Flamingo 19°30′08″S29°54′17″E / 19.5023°S 29.9048°E / -19.5023; 29.9048 (Flamingo Tollgate) 10 km from Gweru
15 A17 R7 Gweru-Mvuma Highway Sino 19°47′30″S30°43′57″E / 19.7917°S 30.7326°E / -19.7917; 30.7326 (Sino Tollgate) 37 km from Gweru
16 A7 R2 Bulawayo-Plumtree Highway Figtree 20°22′14″S28°19′36″E / 20.3706°S 28.3266°E / -20.3706; 28.3266 (Figtree Tollgate) 36.8 km from Bulawayo
17 A8 R9 Victoria Falls Highway Cindêrella 18°20′33″S26°22′02″E / 18.3424°S 26.3673°E / -18.3424; 26.3673 (Cinferella Tollgate) 6 km from Hwange
18 A8 R9 Victoria Falls Highway Umguza Turn Off 20°00′46″S28°32′26″E / 20.01268°S 28.5405°E / -20.01268; 28.5405 (Umguza T.O. Tollgate) 18 km from Bulawayo
19 A6 R9 Beitbridge-Gwanda Highway Naude Quarry 22°08′44″S29°59′14″E / 22.1456°S 29.9872°E / -22.1456; 29.9872 (Naude Quarry Tollgate) 11.7 km from Beitbridge
20 A6 R9 Bulawayo-Beitbridge Highway Esigodini 20°17′07″S28°52′46″E / 20.2854°S 28.8794°E / -20.2854; 28.8794 (Esigodini Tollgate) 37 km from Bulawayo
21 A4 R1 Masvingo-Beitbridge Highway Lutumba 22°04′51″S30°07′30″E / 22.0808°S 30.1250°E / -22.0808; 30.1250 (Lutumba Tollgate) 23 km from Beitbridge
22 A4 R1 Masvingo-Beitbridge Highway Chivi Turn Off 20°24′55″S30°41′06″E / 20.4153°S 30.6850°E / -20.4153; 30.6850 (Chivi T.O. Tollgate) 45 km from Masvingo
23 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway Mashayamvura 19°13′54″S32°35′16″E / 19.2318°S 32.5877°E / -19.2318; 32.5877 (Mashayamvura Tollgate) 32 km from Mutare
24 A9 P7 Masvingo-Bulawayo Highway Mashava 20°06′21″S30°23′21″E / 20.1058°S 30.3893°E / -20.1058; 30.3893 (Mashava Tollgate) 54 km from Masvingo
25-- Harare-Seke Road Seke-Chitungwiza 18°02′01″S31°09′59″E / 18.0335°S 31.1663°E / -18.0335; 31.1663 (Seke-Chitungwiza Tollgate) 35.1 km from Harare
26------
27 A4 R1 Harare-Masvingo Highway HoneyspruitBetween 126–127 km peg14 km before Chivhu
28 A4 R1 Masvingo-Beitbridge Highway MweneziBetween 171–172 km peg 25.5 km from Rutenga
29 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway KaroiBetween 224.5-225.5 km peg21 km from Karoi
30- P14 Victoria Falls-Kazungula Road KazungulaBetween 13–14 km peg13.3 km from Victoria Falls
31 A6 R9 Bulawayo-Beitbridge Highway Colleen BawnBetween 155–156 km peg29.5 km from Gwanda
32 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway LothianBetween 260–261 km peg37 km before Masvingo
33 A11 P1 Harare-Bindura-Mt.Darwin Highway MfurudziBetween 112–112 km peg24 km from Bindura
34- R6 Chivhu-Nyazura Highway MagambaBetween 17.0-18.0 km peg 17.5 km from Chivhu
35 A10 P5 Ngundu-Tanganda Road TriangleBetween 70.5-71.5 km peg9 km before Triangle
36 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Road DewureBetween 147–148 km peg22 km from Birchenough Bridge

(Soueces) BigSky.co.zw [26]

See also

• Transport in Zimbabwe

• Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development

Related Research Articles

This article is about the transport in Zambia.

The government of Zimbabwe is the main provider of air, rail and road services; historically, there has been little participation of private investors in transport infrastructure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roads in the United Kingdom</span> Overview of roads in the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom has a network of roads, of varied quality and capacity, totalling about 262,300 miles (422,100 km). Road distances are shown in miles or yards and UK speed limits are indicated in miles per hour (mph) or by the use of the national speed limit (NSL) symbol. Some vehicle categories have various lower maximum limits enforced by speed limiters. A unified numbering system is in place for Great Britain, whilst in Northern Ireland, there is no available explanation for the allocation of road numbers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Development Bank of Southern Africa</span> Government finance company

The Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) is a development finance institution wholly owned by the Government of South Africa. The bank intends to "accelerate sustainable socio-economic development in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) by driving financial and non-financial investments in the social and economic infrastructure sectors".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trans-African Highway network</span> Transcontinental roads project in Africa

The Trans-African Highway network comprises transcontinental road projects in Africa being developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), the African Development Bank (ADB), and the African Union in conjunction with regional international communities. They aim to promote trade and alleviate poverty in Africa through highway infrastructure development and the management of road-based trade corridors. The total length of the nine highways in the network is 56,683 km (35,221 mi).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A4 road (Zimbabwe)</span> Road in Zimbabwe

The A4 is a highway, also known as the R1 Highway, which runs between Beitbridge and Harare. From Beitbridge it passes through Rutenga, Ngundu, Masvingo, Mvuma, Chivhu before reaching Harare.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A2 road (Zimbabwe)</span> Road in Zimbabwe

The A2 Highway is a primary road in Zimbabwe running from Harare to Nyamapanda at the border with Mozambique. The Mozambican side border post is called Cochemane. This is a busy entry point used by people travelling by road between South Africa, Malawi, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. It starts at intersection with Samora Machel Avenue; however Enterprise Road itself begins from the T-junction with Robert Mugabe Avenue, opposite the market in Eastlea, east of Simon Muzenda Street Road Port; a bus terminus for inter-regional buses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dar es Salaam bus rapid transit</span> Public transit system in Tanzania

Dar es Salaam bus rapid transit is a bus rapid transit system that began operations on 10 May 2016 in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The transit system consists of 6 phases and the construction of the first phase began in April 2012 by the Austrian construction company Strabag International GmbH. Construction of the first phase was completed in December 2015 at a total cost of €134 million funded by the African Development Bank, World Bank and the Government of Tanzania. The first phase of the project has a total length of 21.1 kilometers with dedicated bus lanes on three trunk routes with a total of 29 stations. The entire system is operated by The Usafiri salama Dar es Salaam Rapid Transit (UDA-RT) under the surveillance of the Surface and Marine Transport regulatory authority (Sumatra) Currently, the route is serviced by a fleet of 140 Chinese built Golden Dragon buses, providing express and local service for 18 hours daily from 05:00am to 11:00pm. In September 2022, BRT Fleet size had increased to 305.

The Kwekwe-Gokwe Highway or the R84-7 Highway is an all-weather bitumen macadam highway in Zimbabwe running from Kwekwe to Gokwe passing through Zhombe. As a trunk road it is officially designated as the P11 Highway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plumtree-Bulawayo- Harare-Mutare Highway</span> Cross country international standard highway in Zimbabwe

The Plumtree-Bulawayo-Harare-Mutare Highway is a cross country international standard highway in Zimbabwe. It connects Mutare with Plumtree via Harare and Bulawayo. It is formed by two routes, namely the R5 Road and the R2 Road.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">R2 road (Zimbabwe)</span> Road in Zimbabwe

The R2 Road is an international road in Zimbabwe that runs from Harare, through Bulawayo, to Plumtree border post.

R3 Highway is a primary road in Zimbabwe from the capital city Harare to the Chirundu Border Post with Zambia. It is also known as the A1 Highway. It is part of both the Beira–Lobito Highway and the Cape to Cairo Road.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chirundu-Beitbridge Regional Road Corridor</span> Route in Zimbabwe

Chirundu–Beitbridge Road Corridor is a Trans-African Highway Network Zimbabwean link between South Africa and Zambia. It is part of the North–South Corridor Project and forms the entire Zimbabwean section of the Cape to Cairo Road.

A7 Road is a national road in Zimbabwe that connects Bulawayo with the Plumtree Border Post with Botswana. It is popularly known as the Bulawayo-Plumtree Road. The A7 is part of Trans-Africa Highway 4. It is one of the two routes that form the R2 Route, which connects the Plumtree Border with Harare.

The R6 Highway is a primary road, a trunk road and regional road corridor link road in Zimbabwe.

The A8 Highway is a paved primary trunk road in Zimbabwe running from Bulawayo to Victoria Falls. It is managed by the Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA). It is part of the R9 Route, which links Victoria Falls with Beitbridge.

R7 Highway is a primary, paved, regional road corridor in central Zimbabwe virtue of linking the regional corridors R1 Highways that runs from Harare to Beitbridge via Masvingo, and R2 Highway that runs from Harare to Plumtree via Bulawayo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A10 road (Zimbabwe)</span> Road in Zimbabwe

The A10 Highway is a primary road that runs from Ngundu in south Masvingo Province to Tanganda through the Mutare-Masvingo Highway in Manicaland Province.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A11 road (Zimbabwe)</span> Road in Zimbabwe

A11 Highway is a national road in Zimbabwe, running from Harare to Bindura through to Mount Darwin. It is also known as the P1 Road, Zimbabwe primary road number 1.

The Southern African Development Community Regional Trunk Road Network or SADC RTRN is a trans nation road network across Southern Africa. The projects in Africa being developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), the African Development Bank (ADB), and the African Union in conjunction with the Southern African Development Community. They aim to promote trade and alleviate poverty in Africa through highway infrastructure development and the management of road-based trade corridors.

References

  1. ↑ Company History Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  2. ↑ Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  3. ↑ ZINARA Governance Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  4. ↑ Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  5. ↑ ZINARA Board Members Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  6. ↑ ZINARA Executive Team Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  7. ↑ Appraisal Report, African Development Bank. December 2013 Zimbabwe: transport sector master plan study TradeMark Southern Africa (TMSA) - Advancing Regional Integration in Southern.|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  8. ↑ Road Authorities Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  9. ↑ Road Network Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  10. ↑ Map 9.1 Road Transport Services and Infrastructure-African African Development Bank|Zimbabwe Report. Chapter 9|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  11. ↑ Chapter 9 Road Transport Services and Infrastructure-African African Development Bank|Zimbabwe Report. Chapter 9|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  12. ↑ AARoadMapOfRhodesia1975 AA Road Map of Rhodesia1975 Archive of Rhodesia | AA Road Map of Rhodesia 1975 | Retrieved 23 April 2016
  13. ↑ African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 23 April 2016
  14. ↑ African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  15. ↑ African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  16. ↑ |SADC Infrastructure Investment Conference 2013 | Table 2.1 Regional Trunk Roads Network Invest-tripatite.org|wp-content|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  17. ↑ SADC Regional Trunk Road Network OpenStreetMap|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  18. ↑ Map North South Corridor (Africa) Reingex.com|Images|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  19. ↑ What ZINARA does Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  20. ↑ Stephani. 102307 SADC RUC Final Report 22 June 2007 | |Implementation of Harmonized RUC System in the SADC Region |3.13 Zimbabwe Trademark.org|Files|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  21. ↑ |Infrastructure and Growth In Zimbabwe An Action Plan for Sustained Strong Economic Growth | 9.3 Road Transport Services. Page209 African Development Bank|Southern Africa|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  22. ↑ Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  23. ↑ |Infrastructure and Growth In Zimbabwe An Action Plan for Sustained Strong Economic Growth | 9.3 Road Transport Services. Page209 African Development Bank|Southern Africa|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  24. ↑ Eng. Moses Julius Juma. 23 February 2015 | UPDATED_Armfa_Feb_2015 | Page 6. Map showing current tolling points armfa.net|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  25. ↑ Eng. Moses Julius Juma. 23 February 2015 | UPDATED_Armfa_Feb_2015 | Page 52. Map showing future tolling points to be put up by end of year 2015 armfa.net|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  26. ↑ Big SK. 7 December 2011 10 New Toll gates Bigsky.co.zw|Blog|Retrieved 13 April 2016
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.