Ellis Bridge

Not to be confused with Vivekananda Flyover Bridge.

Ellis Bridge
View of old bridge from the new extension bridge
Coordinates	23°01′20″N72°34′31″E / 23.02222°N 72.57528°E / 23.02222; 72.57528
Carried	Road traffic
Crossed	Sabarmati River
Locale	Ellis Bridge area, Ahmedabad
Official name	Swami Vivekananda Bridge
Named for	Sir Barrow Helbert Ellis
Maintained by	Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
Heritage status	Protected site since 1989
Preceded by	Nehru bridge
Followed by	Sardar bridge
Characteristics
Design	Bowstring arch truss bridge
Material	Steel, cum Cement, Alloy
Total length	480 metres (1,570 ft)
Width	6.3 metres (21 ft)
No. of spans	14
Piers in water	28
Load limit	1196 tonnes
History
Constructed by	Himmatlal Dhirajram Bhachech
Construction start	1889
Construction end	1892
Construction cost	Rs 407564
Opened	1892
Collapsed	Wooden bridge (1870–1875)
Closed	1997
Replaced	Concrete bridge (1999-present)
Location

The Ellis Bridge is a century-old bridge in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. It bridges the western and eastern parts of the city across the Sabarmati river. This bowstring arch truss bridge was the first bridge in Ahmedabad, constructed in 1892. Concrete wings were added on either side in 1997 and it was renamed the Swami Vivekananda Bridge. ^[1]

History

Foundation block of Ellis Bridge. Now at Sanskar Kendra.

The original wooden bridge was constructed by British engineers in 1870–1871 at a cost of £54,920 (Rs. 5,49,200). Except for two spans on banks, it was destroyed by floods in 1875. ^[2] A steel bridge was built in 1892 by engineer Himmatlal Dhirajram Bhachech and named after Sir Barrow Helbert Ellis, the commissioner of the North Zone. The steel was imported from Birmingham. Himmatlal built it at a cost of Rs 407,000 which was lower than the budget of Rs 500,000. The government grew suspicious and thought that low quality materials were used by Himmatlal. An inquiry committee was set up and found that the construction was of superior quality. For saving government money, Himmatlal was subsequently honoured with the title of Rao Sahib. ^{[3] [4]}

The foundation block of the Ellis bridge was later moved to the Sanskar Kendra. It reads,

The Ellis Bridge - So named by Government after Sir Barrow Helbert Ellis : K.G.S.I. was built in 1869 and 1870. At a cost of Rs:549,210 destroyed by the great flood of 22 September 1875 and rebuilt in 1890 and 1895 by Government, Local Bodies and Private Subscribers. At a further cost of Rs. 407,564. This the First Stone of the new bridge was laid by His Excellency Donald James eleventh Lord Reay C.C.I.E.LL.D. Governor of Bombay 19 December 1889.

Thousands heard Mahatma Gandhi declaring his Dandi march on 8 March 1930 from the Ellis bridge. ^[5]

Proposals to pull down the bridge were made in 1973, 1983 and 1986 but were rejected. The Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation declared the Ellis bridge and its boundary, Manek Burj and the natural water drain near one of the banks of Sabarmati river protected sites in May 1989. ^[3]

The original steel bridge was narrow and not suited for heavy motorized traffic and so it was closed in 1997. New concrete bridges were constructed on either side of the steel bridge to support heavy traffic in 1999 at cost of ₹18 crore (equivalent to ₹77 croreorUS$9.7 million in 2023), and the original steel bridge is preserved as a heritage landmark. After the documentation, the Manek Burj was partially removed and Ganesh Bari, the Maratha constructed gate, was reconstructed to make space for the bridge. The bridge has been renamed Swami Vivekananda bridge after Swami Vivekanand. ^{[3] [6] [7]}

Reconstruction and redevelopment proposals

Ellis Bridge at evening

It was found that steel piers of the bridge became corroded due to pollution in the Sabarmati river. Consultants appointed for strengthening the bridge, proposed its demolition in 2012 since building a new bridge would be cheaper than strengthening the existing one. It was also planned to run the Ahmedabad Bus Rapid Transit System buses on the new bridge. It is proposed that the steel arches of the old steel bridge should be preserved and placed back on the new bridge. ^{[5] [6] [8]} Later the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation shelved the proposal of the new bridge for the bus system. ^{[9] [10]}

In 2020, the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation consulted an agency to propose the conservation measures and to do metallurgical studies. The redevelopment proposal was prepared but the project has not been implemented as of 2023. ^{[11] [12]}

Cultural significance

This 120-year-old bridge has become an landmark and a symbol of Ahmedabad. ^{[3] [5]} It was featured in several films, such as Kai Po Che! (2013) and Kevi Rite Jaish (2012). The Karnavati Art Gallery is at the western end of the bridge.

References

1. Tewari, Ankur (11 May 2014). "Road ahead: Names that fly over Ahmedabad". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
2. Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Ahmedabad. Government Central Press. 1879. p. 327.
3. "Bridges – To past, present & Future". Ahmedabad Mirror . 4 February 2010. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
4. "On heritage day eve, Ahmedabad burns its bridge with Gandhi". The Times of India . 18 April 2012. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
5. John, Paul (17 April 2012). "Ellisbridge may go Hope Bridge way". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
6. John, Paul (2 September 2011). "Hope lies in Ellisbridge". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
7. Shastri, Parth (27 February 2011). "Ahmedabad says abracadabra". Times of India Publications. Archived from the original on 8 January 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
8. Paul John (20 April 2010). "Ellisbridge to go & come back as BRTS route". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 11 August 2011.
9. "No plan to demolish Ellisbridge: AMC". Daily News and Analysis . 18 April 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2013.
10. "Old Ellisbridge to make way for new one". Daily News and Analysis . 23 April 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
11. "Restoration plan stalled, Ellis Bridge's legacy at risk". The Times of India. 3 August 2023. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 5 August 2023.
12. "AMC to upgrade integrity of historical Ellis Bridge". Ahmedabad Mirror. Retrieved 5 August 2023.