Mercury(II) bromide

Last updated
Mercury(II) bromide
HgBr2-xtal-1990-CM-3D-balls.png
Names
IUPAC name
Mercury(II) bromide
Other names
Mercuric bromide
Identifiers
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.245 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
PubChem CID
RTECS number
  • OV7415000
UNII
Properties
HgBr2
Molar mass 360.41 g/mol
Appearancewhite solid
Density 6.03 g/cm3, solid
Melting point 237 °C (459 °F; 510 K)
Boiling point 322 °C (612 °F; 595 K)
0.6 g/100 mL (25°C)
Solubility 30 g/100 mL (25°C) ethanol
94.2·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
rhombic
Hazards
GHS labelling: [1]
GHS-pictogram-skull.svg GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg
Danger
H300, H310, H330, H373, H410
P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
0
2
Flash point Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions
Mercury(II) fluoride
Mercury(II) chloride
Mercury(II) iodide
Other cations
Zinc bromide
Cadmium bromide
Mercury(I) bromide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
X mark.svgN  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

Mercury(II) bromide or mercuric bromide is an inorganic compound with the formula HgBr2. [2] This white solid is a laboratory reagent. [3] [2] Like all mercury salts, it is highly toxic. [2]

Contents

Preparation

Mercury(II) bromide can be produced by reaction of metallic mercury with bromine. [4]

Reactions

Mercury(II) bromide is used as a reagent in the Koenigs–Knorr reaction, which forms glycoside linkages on carbohydrates. [5] [6]

It is also used to test for the presence of arsenic, as recommended by the European Pharmacopoeia . [7] The arsenic in the sample is first converted to arsine gas by treatment with hydrogen. Arsine reacts with mercury(II) bromide: [8]

AsH3 + 3HgBr2 → As(HgBr)3 + 3HBr

The white mercury(II) bromide will turn yellow, brown, or black if arsenic is present in the sample. [9]

Mercury(II) bromide reacts violently with elemental indium at high temperatures [10] and, when exposed to potassium, can form shock-sensitive explosive mixtures. [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II)</span> Chemical compound

Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula K2[HgI4]. It consists of potassium cations and tetraiodomercurate(II) anions. It is the active agent in Nessler's reagent, used for detection of ammonia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hydrogen bromide</span> Chemical compound

Hydrogen bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula HBr. It is a hydrogen halide consisting of hydrogen and bromine. A colorless gas, it dissolves in water, forming hydrobromic acid, which is saturated at 68.85% HBr by weight at room temperature. Aqueous solutions that are 47.6% HBr by mass form a constant-boiling azeotrope mixture that boils at 124.3 °C (255.7 °F). Boiling less concentrated solutions releases H2O until the constant-boiling mixture composition is reached.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iron(III) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Iron(III) bromide is the chemical compound with the formula FeBr3. Also known as ferric bromide, this red-brown odorless compound is used as a Lewis acid catalyst in the halogenation of aromatic compounds. It dissolves in water to give acidic solutions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arsenic tribromide</span> Chemical compound

Arsenic tribromide is an inorganic compound with the formula AsBr3, it is a bromide of arsenic. Arsenic is a chemical element that has the symbol As and atomic number 33. This pyramidal molecule is the only known binary arsenic bromide. AsBr3 is noteworthy for its very high refractive index of approximately 2.3. It also has a very high diamagnetic susceptibility. The compound exists as colourless deliquescent crystals that fume in moist air.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copper(II) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Copper(II) bromide (CuBr2) is a chemical compound that forms an unstable tetrahydrate CuBr2·4H2O. It is used in photographic processing as an intensifier and as a brominating agent in organic synthesis.

Bromine compounds are compounds containing the element bromine (Br). These compounds usually form the -1, +1, +3 and +5 oxidation states. Bromine is intermediate in reactivity between chlorine and iodine, and is one of the most reactive elements. Bond energies to bromine tend to be lower than those to chlorine but higher than those to iodine, and bromine is a weaker oxidising agent than chlorine but a stronger one than iodine. This can be seen from the standard electrode potentials of the X2/X couples (F, +2.866 V; Cl, +1.395 V; Br, +1.087 V; I, +0.615 V; At, approximately +0.3 V). Bromination often leads to higher oxidation states than iodination but lower or equal oxidation states to chlorination. Bromine tends to react with compounds including M–M, M–H, or M–C bonds to form M–Br bonds.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indium(III) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Indium(III) bromide, (indium tribromide), InBr3, is a chemical compound of indium and bromine. It is a Lewis acid and has been used in organic synthesis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magnesium bromide</span> Chemical compound

Magnesium bromide is a chemical compound of magnesium and bromine, with the chemical formula MgBr2. It is white and deliquescent crystalline solid. It is often used as a mild sedative and as an anticonvulsant for treatment of nervous disorders. It is water-soluble and somewhat soluble in alcohol. It can be found naturally in small amounts in some minerals such as: bischofite and carnallite, and in sea water, such as that of the Dead Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beryllium bromide</span> Chemical compound

Beryllium bromide is the chemical compound with the formula BeBr2. It is very hygroscopic and dissolves well in water. The compound is a polymer with tetrahedral coordinated Be centres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lead(II) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Lead(II) bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula PbBr2. It is a white powder. It is produced in the burning of typical leaded gasolines.

Mercury(I) bromide or mercurous bromide is the chemical compound composed of mercury and bromine with the formula Hg2Br2. It changes color from white to yellow when heated and fluoresces a salmon color when exposed to ultraviolet light. It has applications in acousto-optical devices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Platinum(IV) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Platinum(IV) bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula PtBr4. It is a brown solid. It is a little-used compound mainly of interest for academic research. It is a component of a reagent used in qualitative inorganic analysis.

Carbonyl bromide, also known as bromophosgene, is an organic chemical compound with the chemical formula COBr2. It is a colorless liquid. It is a bromine analogue of phosgene. It is a carbon oxohalide. Carbonyl bromide is a decomposition product of halon compounds used in fire extinguishers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bromine azide</span> Chemical compound

Bromine azide is an explosive inorganic compound with the formula BrN3. It has been described as a crystal or a red liquid at room temperature. It is extremely sensitive to small variations in temperature and pressure, with explosions occurring at Δp ≥ 0.05 Torr and also upon crystallization, thus extreme caution must be observed when working with this chemical.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chromium(III) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Chromium(III) bromide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CrBr3. It is a dark colored solid that appears green in transmitted light but red with reflected light. It is used as a precursor to catalysts for the oligomerization of ethylene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chromium(II) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Chromium(II) bromide is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula CrBr2. Like many metal dihalides, CrBr2 adopts the "cadmium iodide structure" motif, i.e., it features sheets of octahedral Cr(II) centers interconnected by bridging bromide ligands. It is a white solid that dissolves in water to give blue solutions that are readily oxidized by air.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dibromine monoxide</span> Chemical compound

Dibromine monoxide is the chemical compound composed of bromine and oxygen with the formula Br2O. It is a dark brown solid which is stable below −40 °C and is used in bromination reactions. It is similar to dichlorine monoxide, the monoxide of its halogen neighbor one period higher on the periodic table. The molecule is bent, with C2v molecular symmetry. The Br−O bond length is 1.85 Å and the Br−O−Br bond angle is 112°, similar to dichlorine monoxide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samarium(II) bromide</span> Chemical compound

Samarium(II) bromide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SmBr
2
. It is a brown solid that is insoluble in most solvents but degrades readily in air.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pentamethyltantalum</span> Chemical compound

Pentamethyltantalum is a homoleptic organotantalum compound. It has a propensity to explode when it is melted. Its discovery was part of a sequence that led to Richard R. Schrock's Nobel Prize discovery in olefin metathesis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iodine azide</span> Chemical compound

Iodine azide is an explosive inorganic compound, which in ordinary conditions is a yellow solid. Formally, it is an inter-pseudohalogen.

References

  1. "Mercuric bromide". PubChem . National Center for Biotechnology Information . Retrieved 2021-11-25.
  2. 1 2 3 PubChem. "Mercury bromide (Hg2Br2)". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-22.
  3. Elements, American. "Mercury Bromide". American Elements. Retrieved 2022-12-22.
  4. F. Wagenknecht; R. Juza (1963). "Mercury(II) bromide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 2. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 1109.
  5. Horton, Derek (2004), Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry, Amsterdam: Elseveir Academic Press, p. 76, ISBN   0-12-007259-9 , retrieved 2008-05-29
  6. Stick, Robert V. (2001), Carbohydrates: The Sweet Molecules of Life, San Diego: Academic Press, p. 125, ISBN   0-12-670960-2 , retrieved 2008-05-29
  7. Pederson, Ole (2006), Pharmaceutical Chemical Analysis, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, p. 107, ISBN   0-8493-1978-1 , retrieved 2008-05-29
  8. Odegaard, Nancy; Sadongei, Alyce (2005), Old Poisons, New Problems, Rowman Altamira, p. 58, ISBN   0-7591-0515-4 , retrieved 2008-05-29
  9. Townsend, Timothy G.; Solo-Gabriele, Helena (2006), Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, p. 339, ISBN   0-8493-6495-7 , retrieved 2008-05-29
  10. Bretherick, L.; Urben, P. G.; Pitt, Martin John (1999), Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards , Elseveir Academic Press, p. 110, ISBN   0-7506-3605-X
  11. Bretherick, L.; Urben, P. G.; Pitt, Martin John (1999), Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards , Elseveir Academic Press, p. 1276, ISBN   0-7506-3605-X