Discovery | |
---|---|
Discovery site | WASP [2] |
Discovery date | 2011 [2] |
Primary transit [2] | |
Orbital characteristics | |
0.0486±0.0005 AU, (7.27±0.1)×106 km | |
Eccentricity | 0 [2] |
4.05526 [2] d | |
Inclination | 87.83±0.25 [2] |
Star | WASP-39 [2] |
Physical characteristics | |
Mean radius | 1.27±0.04 [2] RJ (91000±3000 km) |
Mass | 0.28±0.03 [2] MJ |
Mean density | 180±40 kg m−3 |
WASP-39b, officially named Bocaprins, is a "hot Jupiter" extrasolar planet discovered in February 2011 [3] by the WASP project, notable for containing a substantial amount of water in its atmosphere. [1] [4] [5] In addition WASP-39b was the first exoplanet found to contain carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, [6] [7] and likewise for sulfur dioxide.
WASP-39b is in the constellation Virgo, and is about 700 light-years from Earth. [1] As part of the NameExoWorlds campaigns at the 100th anniversary of the IAU, the planet was named Bocaprins, after the beach Boca Prins in the Arikok National Park of Aruba.
WASP-39b has a mass of about 0.28 times that of Jupiter and a radius about 1.27 times that of Jupiter (91,000 km). [2] It is a hot gas giant planet with a high temperature of 900 °C. [6] The exoplanet orbits very close (7 million km) to WASP-39, its host star, every 4 days. [1]
WASP-39b is also notable for having an extremely low density, near that of WASP-17b. While WASP-17b has a density of 0.13±0.06 g/cm3, WASP-39b has a slightly higher density of 0.18±0.04 g/cm3.
Hot water molecules were found in the atmosphere of WASP-39b in a 2018 study. [1] The atmospheric transmission spectra, taken by different instruments, were inconsistent as in 2021, possibly indicating a disequilibrium atmospheric chemistry. [8] High-fidelity spectra obtained by the James Webb Space Telescope in 2022 did not confirm a disequilibrium chemistry.
WASP-39b is one of the James Webb Space Telescope's early release science targets. Sulfur dioxide was observed in this planet's atmosphere for the first time, or indeed of any planet outside of the Solar System, indicating the existence of photochemical processes in the atmosphere. [9] WASP-39b is the first exoplanet in which carbon dioxide has been detected. [6] [10] [7]
Planetary transmission spectra taken in 2022 has indicated the atmosphere of WASP-39b is partially cloudy, and planet C/O ratio appears to be subsolar. [11] The spectral signature of water, carbon dioxide, sodium [12] and sulfur dioxide were also detected. [13]
Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS) | |
---|---|
Constellation | Virgo |
Right ascension | 14h 29m 18.4151689656s |
Declination | −03° 26′ 40.204480380″ |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.09 |
Distance | 702 ± 2 ly (215.4 ± 0.7 pc) |
Other designations | |
2MASS J14291840-0326403, Gaia DR2 3643098875168270592, Gaia EDR3 3643098875168270592 | |
Database references | |
SIMBAD | data |
The parent star WASP-39 is of spectral class G and is slightly smaller than the Sun. It lies in the Virgo constellation, 698 light-years from Earth. [1] The star WASP-39 was formally named Malmok in 2019. [14] [15]
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The study of extraterrestrial atmospheres is an active field of research, both as an aspect of astronomy and to gain insight into Earth's atmosphere. In addition to Earth, many of the other astronomical objects in the Solar System have atmospheres. These include all the giant planets, as well as Mars, Venus and Titan. Several moons and other bodies also have atmospheres, as do comets and the Sun. There is evidence that extrasolar planets can have an atmosphere. Comparisons of these atmospheres to one another and to Earth's atmosphere broaden our basic understanding of atmospheric processes such as the greenhouse effect, aerosol and cloud physics, and atmospheric chemistry and dynamics.
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WASP-17b is an exoplanet in the constellation Scorpius that is orbiting the star WASP-17. Its discovery was announced on 11 August 2009. It is the first planet discovered to have a retrograde orbit, meaning it orbits in a direction counter to the rotation of its host star. This discovery challenged traditional planetary formation theory. In terms of diameter, WASP-17b is one of the largest exoplanets discovered and at half Jupiter's mass, this made it the most puffy planet known in 2010. On 3 December 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope reported detecting water in the exoplanet's atmosphere.
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Natalie M. Batalha is professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at UC Santa Cruz. Previously she was a research astronomer in the Space Sciences Division of NASA Ames Research Center and held the position of Co-Investigator and Kepler Mission Scientist on the Kepler Mission, the first mission capable of finding Earth-size planets around other stars.
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