List of place names of Native American origin in the United States

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Many places throughout the United States take their names from the languages of the indigenous Native American/American Indian tribes. The following list includes settlements, geographic features, and political subdivisions whose names are derived from these languages.

Contents

State names

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Settlements

District of Columbia

Settlements

Bodies of water

Florida

Counties

Settlements

Bodies of water

Other

Georgia

Counties

Settlements

Hawaii

Counties

Idaho

Counties

Settlements

Bodies of water

Other

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Counties

Settlements

  • Osawatomie – a compound of two primary Native American Indian tribes from the area, the Osage and Pottawatomie
  • Tonganoxie – derives its name from a member of the Delaware tribe that once occupied land in what is now Leavenworth County and western Wyandotte County
  • Topeka – from Kansa dóppikʔe, "a good place to dig wild potatoes"

Kentucky

Settlements

Other

Louisiana

Parishes

Settlements

Bodies of water

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Counties

Settlements

Others

Montana

Counties

Settlements

Bodies of water

Other

Nebraska

Counties

Settlements

Nevada

Counties

Settlements

Bodies of water

Other

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Counties

Settlements

Ohio

Counties

Settlements

  • Chillicothe – from Shawnee Chala·ka·tha , referring to members of one of the five divisions of the Shawnee people: Chalaka (name of the Shawnee group, of unknown meaning) + -tha 'person'; [64] the present Chillicothe is the most recent of seven places in Ohio that have held that name, because it was applied to the main town wherever the Chalakatha settled as they moved to different places.
  • Conneaut – probably derived from Seneca ga-nen-yot, 'standing stone'.
  • Mingo and Mingo Junction – named after the Mingo people, Iroquoians who moved west to Ohio in the 18th century, largely of the Seneca nation. [65]
  • Ohio River – from Seneca Ohiyo 'the best river' or 'the big river'. [66] [67]
  • Olentangy – an Algonquian name, probably from Lenape ulam tanchi or Shawnee holom tenshi, both meaning 'red face paint from there'. The Vermilion River likewise was named with a translation of the original Ottawa name Ulam Thipi, 'red face paint river'.
  • Piqua – Shawnee Pekowi , name of one of the five divisions of the Shawnee.
  • Wapakoneta – from Shawnee Wa·po’kanite 'Place of White Bones' (wa·pa 'white'+(h)o’kani 'bone'+-ite locative suffix). [68] [69]

Oklahoma

Oregon

Counties

Communities

Pennsylvania

Counties

Settlements

  • Aliquippa – Lenape alukwepi 'hat'; [76] after Queen Aliquippa, who was named that because she wore a large hat. [77]
  • Analomink – From "tumbling water." [78]
  • Catasauqua (pronounced "Cat-uh-SAW-kwuh"), from the Lenape language, meaning "dry ground" or "thirsty ground."
  • Catawissa – Lenape, 'growing fat;' a reference to a Delaware Chief in the area, Lapachpeton. [75]
  • Chillisquaque Chillisquaque' comes from the native American term meaning 'song of the wild goose'
  • Conemaugh – Lenape kwənəmuxkw 'otter'. [79] [80]
  • Connoquenessing – Lenape, 'A long way straight' [81]
  • Conshohocken – Lenape kanshihakink 'in elegant land': kanshi 'elegant' + haki 'land' + -nk locative suffix.
  • . Coplay - This name came from "Kolapechka". The son of the Indian chief, Paxanosa, who lived at the head of the creek
  • HOKENDAUQUA (Lehigh County) Both the village and creek are named for a combination of the Lenape words Hackiun and dochwe, which together mean "stream searching for land."
  • Keewaydin Keewaydin is not definite, but may have derived from an Indian word meaning "the north wind" or "home wind," (for when the wind blew from that direction the trail led home).
  • Kingsessing – The name Kingsessing or Chinsessing comes from the Delaware word for "a place where there is a meadow".
  • Kiskiminetas – derived from Lenape kishku manitu 'make daylight' (kishku 'day' [82] + manitu 'make' [83] ), a command to warriors to break camp and go on maneuvers while it is still night (as though it were daylight), according to John Heckewelder. [84]
  • Kittanning – Lenape kithanink 'on the main river': kit 'great, large, big' + hane 'swift river from the mountains' + -ink locative suffix, [85] "the big river" or "the main river" being an epithet for the Allegheny-cum-Ohio, according to John Heckewelder. [86]
  • Lackawaxen Lenape name Lackawaxen, meaning "swift waters,"
  • Loyalhanna – after the name of a Lenape town, Layalhanning, meaning 'at the middle of the river': layel or lawel 'middle' + hane 'river' + -ink locative suffix. [87]
  • Loyalsock – Lenape, 'middle creek.' (It is located halfway between lycoming and muncy creeks.) [75]
  • Macungie is derived from a Native American word meaning bear swamp, or place where bears feed.
  • Manayunk – Lenape məneyunk 'place of drinking': məne 'drink' + yu 'here' + -nk locative suffix. [88]
  • Mauch Chunk – Lenape maxkw-chunk 'bear mountain'. [89]
  • Mehoopany – Lenape, 'where there are wild potatoes." [75]
  • Meshoppen Lenape, 'corals,' or 'beads.' [75]
  • Monongahela – Lenape Mənaonkihəla 'the high riverbanks are washed down; the banks cave in or erode', [90] inanimate plural of mənaonkihəle 'the dirt caves off (such as the bank of a river or creek; or in a landslide)' [91] < mənaonke 'it has a loose bank (where one might fall in)' [92] + -həle (verb of motion).
  • Moshnanon The community takes its name from Moshannon Creek, a Native American name purported to mean "moose stream"
  • Muckinipattis – Lenape for 'deep running water', from mexitkwek 'a deep place full of water' [93] or mexakwixen 'high water, freshet'. [94]
  • Muncy–after the Munsee people < Munsee language mənsiw, 'person from Minisink' (minisink meaning 'at the island': mənəs 'island' + -ink locative suffix) + -iw attributive suffix. [95]
  • Nanticoke – From the Nanticoke language, 'Tide water people.' (In reference to themselves) [75]
  • Nemacolin – after the 18th-century Lenape chief Nemacolin.
  • Nescopeck – Shawnee, 'deep and still water.' [75]
  • Nesquehoning — meaning “narrow valley;” others say name comes from stream that runs through the area, which was called Neska-honi, or black lick, or Neskeu-honi, or dirty lick
  • Nittany – 'single mountain', from Lenape nekwti 'single' [96] + ahtəne 'mountain'. [97]
  • Ohiopyle – from the Lenape phrase ahi opihəle, 'it turns very white', [98] [99] referring to the frothy waterfalls. [100]
  • Passyunk – from Lenape pahsayunk 'in the valley', [101] from pahsaek 'valley' (also the name of Passaic, New Jersey).
  • Pennypack–Lenape pənəpekw 'where the water flows downward'. [102]
  • Perkiomen – Lenape, 'where there are cranberries.' [75]
  • Poconos – Lenape pokawaxne 'a creek between two hills'. [103]
  • Punxsutawney – Lenape Punkwsutenay 'town of sandflies or mosquitoes': punkwəs 'sandfly' (< punkw 'dust' + -əs diminutive suffix) + utenay 'town'. [104]
  • Pymatuning – Lenape Pimhatunink 'where there are facilities for sweating' [53] < pim- 'to sweat in a sweat lodge' [105] + hatu 'it is placed' [106] + -n(e) inanimate object marker + -ink locative suffix.
  • Queonemysing – Lenape kwənamesink 'place of long fish': kwəni 'long' + names 'fish' + -ink locative suffix. [107]
  • Quittapahilla Creek – Lenape kuwe ktəpehəle 'it flows out through the pines': [108] kuwe 'pine tree' [109] + ktəpehəle 'it flows out'. [110]
  • Shackamaxon – Lenape sakimaksink 'place of the chiefs': [111] sakima 'chief' [112] + -k plural suffix + -s- (for euphony) -ink locative suffix
  • Shamokin – Lenape Shahəmokink [113] 'place of eels', from shoxamekw 'eel' [114] + -ink locative suffix.
  • Shickshinny – Lenape, 'a fine stream.' [75]
  • Sinnemahoning – Lenape ahsəni mahonink 'stony lick', from ahsən 'stone' [115] and mahonink 'at the salt lick'. [116]
  • Susquehanna – Lenape siskuwihane 'muddy river': sisku 'mud' + -wi- (for euphony) + hane 'swift river from the mountains'. [117]
  • Tamaqua – Lenape, 'running water;' named for a nearby river. [118]
  • Tiadaghton – Seneca, 'pine creek.' [75]
  • Tinicum – Lenape mahtanikunk 'Where they catch up with each other'. [119]
  • Tulpehocken – Lenape tulpehakink 'in the land of turtles': tulpe 'turtle' + haki 'land' + -nk locative suffix. [120]
  • Tionesta – Munsee, 'There it has fine banks.' [75]
  • Tobyhanna is derived from an American Indian word meaning "a stream whose banks are fringed with alder."
  • Towamensing – Lenape, 'pasture land,' (literally 'the place of feeding cattle.') [75]
  • Towanda – Nanticoke, 'where we bury the dead.' [75]
  • Tunkhannock – Lenape tank hane 'narrow stream', [121] from tank 'small' + hane 'stream'.
  • Wapwallopen – Lenape òphalahpink, 'where the white wild hemp grows,' [75] from òp- 'white' [122] + halahpis 'Indian hemp' [123] + -nk locative.
  • Wiconisco – Lenape wikin niskew 'A muddy place to live', [124] from wikin 'to live in a place' [125] + niskew 'to be dirty, muddy'. [126]
  • Wissahickon – contraction of Lenape wisamekwhikan 'catfish creek': wisamekw 'catfish' [127] (literally 'fat fish': [128] <wisam 'fat' + -èkw, bound form of namès 'fish' [129] ) + hikan 'ebb tide, mouth of a creek'. [130] [131]
  • Wyalusing – Lenape, 'the place where the aged man dwells,' a reference to the Moravian missionaries who set up a village in the area. [75]
  • Wyoming Valley – Munsee, xwēwamənk 'at the big river flat': xw- 'big' + ēwam 'river flat' + ənk locative suffix. [132]
  • Wysox – Lenape, 'the place of grapes.' [75]
  • Youghiogheny – Lenape yuxwiakhane 'stream running a contrary or crooked course', according to John Heckewelder. [133]

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Counties

Settlements

Bodies of water

Islands

South Dakota

Counties

* Brule County - from the Sičangu or Brule from French meaning “burnt” .

Settlements

  • Canistota – from the New York Native American word canistoe, meaning "board on the water". [135]
  • Capa – from the Sioux for "beaver".
  • Kadoka – Lakota for "hole in the wall".
  • Kampeska – Sioux for "bright and shining", "like a shell or glass". [135]
  • Lower Brule - from the Lower Brule Sioux Tribe .
  • Oacoma
  • Oglala – Lakota for "to scatter one's own". [134]
  • Ottumwa – Algonquian word possibly meaning "rippling waters", "place of perseverance or self-will", or "town".
  • Owanka – Lakota for "good camping ground". It was originally named Wicota, a Lakota word meaning "a crowd". [135]
  • Pukwana – the name given to the smoke emitted from a Native American peace pipe.
  • Ree Heights – named after the Arikara people, sometimes known as the Ree. Arikara may have been a neighboring tribe's word for "horns" or "male deer". [135]
  • Seneca – from Algonquian sinnekaas, which referred to the Seneca people. [135]
  • Teton – from Dakota tinton or tinta, meaning "prairie". [135]
  • Wanblee – from Lakota Waŋblí Hoȟpi, meaning "golden eagle nest".
  • Wasta – from Dakota wašté, meaning "good". [135]
  • Wakonda – from Sioux wakor or waukon, meaning "wonder, marvel, mystery, sacred". [135]
  • Wakpala - from Lakota”wakpala”, meaning “creek”.
  • Wecota – from Lakota wicota, meaning "a crowd". [135]
  • Wetonka from Dakota wi-tȟáŋka, meaning "big sun".
  • Yankton – corruption of Sioux Ihanktonwan, meaning "the end village". [135]

Tennessee

Counties

Settlements

Bodies of water

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Settlements

Bodies of Water

Islands

Other

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

See also

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References

Citations

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  2. ↑ Bright (2004), p. 29.
  3. ↑ Ransom, J. Ellis. 1940. Derivation of the Word ‘Alaska’. American Anthropologist n.s., 42: pp. 550–551
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  69. ↑ "bone: hoʔkani" Wick R. Miller, "An Outline of Shawnee Historical Phonology" International Journal of American Linguist Vol. 25, No. 1 (Jan., 1959), pp. 16-21 https://www.jstor.org/stable/1263919 Archived 2016-10-09 at the Wayback Machine
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  72. ↑ Trumbull, J. Hammond (1870). The Composition of Indian Geographical Names. Hartford, Conn. pp. 13–14. Archived from the original on 2012-11-09. Retrieved 2011-12-14.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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  74. ↑ Hodge, Frederick Webb (1911). Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Vol. 1. Washington: Government Printing Office. p. 751. ISBN   9781404740303. Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
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