10th term Sejm & 11th term Senate of the Republic of Poland | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
Overview | |||||
Legislative body | Parliament of Poland | ||||
Jurisdiction | Poland | ||||
Meeting place | Sejm building complex, Warsaw, Poland | ||||
Term | 13 November 2023 – present | ||||
Election | 15 October 2023 | ||||
Government | Tusk III | ||||
Opposition | Jarosław Kaczyński, PiS | ||||
Website | sejm senat | ||||
10th term Sejm | |||||
Members | 460 deputies | ||||
Marshal of the Sejm | Szymon Hołownia, PL2050 | ||||
Deputy Marshals of the Sejm | Dorota Niedziela, PO Monika Wielichowska, PO Piotr Zgorzelski, PSL Włodzimierz Czarzasty, NL Krzysztof Bosak, RN vacant, PiS | ||||
Party control | October 15 Coalition | ||||
11th term Senate | |||||
Members | 100 Senators | ||||
Marshal of the Senate | Małgorzata Maria Kidawa- Błońska , PO | ||||
Deputy Marshals of the Senate | Rafał Grupiński, PO Magdalena Biejat, LR Michał Kamiński, UED Maciej Żywno, PL2050 vacant, PiS | ||||
Party control | Senate Pact 2023 majority |
The 10th term Sejm and the 11th term Senate is the legislature of the Republic of Poland following the 2023 Polish parliamentary election held on 15 October 2023 which returned 460 deputies to the Sejm and 100 senators to the Senate.
The Parliament of Poland held its inaugural meeting on 13 November 2023.
Affiliation | Deputies (Sejm) | Senators (Senate) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Results of the 2023 election | As of 13 February 2024 | Change | Results of the 2023 election | As of 12 January 2024 | Change | ||
Parliamentary clubs | |||||||
Law and Justice | 194 | 189 | 5 | 34 | 34 | ||
Civic Coalition | 157 | 157 | 41 | 42 | 1 | ||
Poland 2050 | 33 | 32 | 1 | 11 | 12 | 1 | |
Polish People's Party | 32 | 32 | |||||
The Left | 26 | 26 | 9 | 9 | |||
Deputative clubs | |||||||
Confederation | 18 | 18 | — | — | |||
Deputative circles | |||||||
Kukiz'15 | — | 3 | 3 | — | — | ||
Senatorial circles | |||||||
Independents and Locals | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | ||
Independents | |||||||
Independents | — | 2 | 2 | 5 | — | 5 | |
Total members | 460 | 459 | 1 | 100 | 100 | ||
Vacant | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | ||
Total seats | 460 | 100 |
Parliamentary Group [1] | Chair | Type | # of deputies | # of senators | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Law and Justice | Mariusz Błaszczak (in the Sejm) | Parliamentary club | 189 | 34 | |
Stanisław Karczewski (in the Senate) | |||||
Civic Coalition | Zbigniew Konwiński (in the Sejm) | Parliamentary club | 157 | 41 | |
Tomasz Grodzki (in the Senate) | |||||
Poland 2050 | Mirosław Suchoń (in the Sejm) | Parliamentary club | 33 | — | |
Polish People's Party | Krzysztof Paszyk (in the Sejm) | Parliamentary club | 32 | — | |
Third Way | Waldemar Pawlak (in the Senate) | Senators' club | — | 12 | |
The Left | Anna Maria Żukowska (in the Sejm) | Parliamentary club | 26 | 9 | |
Anna Górska Maciej Kopiec (in the Senate) | |||||
Confederation | Stanisław Tyszka | Deputies' club | 18 | — | |
Kukiz'15 | Paweł Kukiz | Deputies' circle | 3 | — | |
Ind. Senators Circle (Senate Pact 2023) | Zygmunt Frankiewicz | Senators' circle | — | 4 | |
Office | Holder | Since |
---|---|---|
Marshal of the Sejm | Szymon Hołownia | 13 November 2023 |
Deputy Marshals of the Sejm | Dorota Niedziela | 13 November 2023 |
Senior Marshal | Marek Sawicki | 9 November 2023 [2] |
Office | Holder | Since |
---|---|---|
Marshal of the Senate | Małgorzata Kidawa-Błońska | 13 November 2023 |
Deputy Marshals of the Senate | Rafał Grupiński | 13 November 2023 |
Senior Marshal | Michał Seweryński | 9 November 2023 [2] |
The Sejm, officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland, is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland.
The Senate is the upper house of the Polish parliament, the lower house being the Sejm. The history of the Polish Senate stretches back over 500 years; it was one of the first constituent bodies of a bicameral parliament in Europe and existed without hiatus until the final partition of the Polish state in 1795. The contemporary Senate is composed of 100 senators elected by a universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate. The incumbent Marshal of the Senate is Małgorzata Kidawa-Błońska.
Donald Franciszek Tusk is a Polish politician and historian who has served as the prime minister of Poland since 2023, having previously held the post from 2007 to 2014. From 2014 to 2019 Tusk served as President of the European Council, and from 2019 to 2022 he was the president of the European People's Party (EPP). He co-founded the Civic Platform (PO) party in 2001 and has served as its long-time leader, first from 2003 to 2014 and again since 2021.
Poland has a multi-party political system. On the national level, Poland elects the head of state – the president – and a legislature. There are also various local elections, referendums and elections to the European Parliament.
The Marshal of the Sejm is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland.
The General Sejm was the bicameral legislature of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was established by the Union of Lublin in 1569 following the merger of the legislatures of the two states, the Sejm of the Kingdom of Poland and the Seimas of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. It was one of the primary elements of the democratic governance in the Commonwealth. The sejm was a powerful political institution that the king could not pass laws without its the approval.
The Commissioner for Human Rights is a Polish ombudsman, an official appointed for a five year term by the Sejm with an approval of the Senate. Commissioner's responsibility is to protect civil and human rights implied by the Constitution of Poland and other legislative acts.
The parliament of Poland is the bicameral legislature of Poland. It is composed of an upper house and a lower house. Both houses are accommodated in the Sejm and Senate Complex in Warsaw. The Constitution of Poland does not refer to the Parliament as a body, but only to the Sejm and Senate.
Małgorzata Maria Kidawa-Błońska, née Grabska is a Polish politician, film producer, and sociologist currently serving as Marshal of the Senate. She was Marshal of the Sejm from 25 June 2015 to 11 November 2015 at the end of the Seventh term's composition of the lower house, after which being voted a Deputy Marshal of the Eighth and Ninth term, each time nominated by the opposition party Civic Platform, under the marshalcy of Marek Kuchciński and Elżbieta Witek, respectively.
Senior marshal is an officer in the Sejm or Senate of Poland, presiding over the first sitting of the parliament house, appointed by the President of Poland. It is their role to conduct taking an oath by MPs and carry out election of the permanent leader of the house, who then takes the lead.
Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw was the parliament of the Duchy of Warsaw. It was created in 1807 by Napoleon, who granted a new constitution to the recently created Duchy. It had limited competences, including having no legislative initiative. It met three times: for regular sessions in 1809 and 1811, and for an extraordinary session in 1812. In the history of Polish parliament, it succeeded the Sejm of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and was followed by the Sejm of the Congress Poland.
The Sejm of Congress Poland was the parliament in the 19th century Kingdom of Poland, colloquially known as Congress Poland. It existed from 1815 to 1831. In the history of the Polish parliament, it succeeded the Sejm of the Duchy of Warsaw.
Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 25 October 2015 for the eighth term of the Sejm and Senate, which ran from 12 November 2015 until 2019.
Andrzej Sebastian Duda is a lawyer and politician who has served as President of Poland since 6 August 2015. Before he became President, Andrzej served as a member of the Polish Lower House (Sejm) from 2011 to 2014 and the European Parliament from 2014 to 2015.
Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 13 October 2019. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The ruling Law and Justice (PiS) won re-election to a second term retaining its majority in the Sejm. However, it lost its majority in the Senate to the opposition. With 43.6% of the popular vote, Law and Justice received the highest vote share by any party since Poland returned to democracy in 1989. The turnout was the highest for a parliamentary election since the first free elections after the fall of communism in 1989. For the first time after 1989, the ruling party controlled one house, while the opposition controlled the other.
The United Right was a parliamentary group formed by Jarosław Gowin and Zbigniew Ziobro with their respective parties, Poland Together and United Poland. After their cooperation at 2015 Polish parliamentary election with the Law and Justice party, 'United Right' became a media label for the ruling right-wing political alliance of Law and Justice with its aforementioned partners in Poland.
The 9th term Sejm and the 10th term Senate was the legislature of the Republic of Poland following the 2019 Polish parliamentary election held on 13 October 2019 which returned 460 deputies to the Sejm and 100 senators to the Senate.
The 2023 Polish parliamentary election took place on Sunday, 15 October 2023, per the Polish Constitution. Seats in both the lower house, the Sejm, and the Senate were contested. At the polls, a referendum - containing four questions concerning economic and immigration policy of the government - was also voted on.
Marta Anna Wcisło is a Polish educator, politician and member of the Civic Platform. She has been a member of the Sejm since 12 November 2019 after winning 15,062 votes in the 2019 Polish parliamentary elections. In 2023 parliamentary election she was reelected receiving 68,449 votes.
Presidential elections will be held in Poland by 18 May 2025 at the latest, though they can be held earlier should the office become vacated as a result of death, resignation or removal from office of the incumbent. Due to constitutional term limits allowing a president to serve only two terms, incumbent president Andrzej Duda is ineligible for re-election. Presidential elections in Poland must take place on a free day between 75 and 100 days before the term's end.