1691 in science

The year 1691 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Biology

• Italian Jesuit scholar Filippo Bonanni publishes the results of his microscopic observations of invertebrates in Observationes circa Viventia, quae in Rebus non-Viventibus.

Mathematics

• Gottfried Leibniz discovers the technique of separation of variables for ordinary differential equations.
• Michel Rolle invents Rolle's theorem.

Medicine

• Anton Nuck's Adenographia curiosa et uteri foeminei anatome nova is published at Leiden, including a description of the canal of Nuck ^[1] and a demonstration that the embryo is derived from the ovary and not the sperm. ^[2]

Technology

• Edmond Halley devises a diving bell. ^[3]
• In music, the "equal temperament scale" used in modern music is developed by organist Andreas Werckmeister.

Births

• November 18 – Mårten Triewald, Swedish mechanical engineer (died 1747)

Deaths

• January 17 – Richard Lower, English physician who performed the first direct blood transfusion (born 1631)
• December 31 – Robert Boyle, Anglo-Irish chemist (born 1627) ^[4]

References

1. Enersen, Ole Daniel. "Nuck's canal". Whonamedit? . Retrieved 2012-10-15.
2. Speert, Harold (1958). Obstetric and Gynecologic Milestones. New York: Macmillan. pp. 95–101.
3. Edmonds, Carl; Lowry, C.; Pennefather, John. "History of diving". South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal. 5 (2). Archived from the original on 2010-10-14. Retrieved 2011-06-17.
4. "Robert Boyle | Biography, Contributions, Works, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 4 December 2020.