1683 in science

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The year 1683 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Contents

Geography

Biology

Mathematics

Medicine

Technology

Institutions

Births

Deaths

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Rowan Hamilton</span> Irish mathematician and astronomer (1805–1865)

Sir William Rowan Hamilton LL.D, DCL, MRIA, FRAS was an Irish mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. He was the Andrews Professor of Astronomy at Trinity College Dublin, and Royal Astronomer of Ireland, living at Dunsink Observatory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</span> Dutch scientist known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists

Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch microbiologist and microscopist in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. A largely self-taught man in science, he is commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists and microbiologists. Van Leeuwenhoek is best known for his pioneering work in microscopy and for his contributions toward the establishment of microbiology as a scientific discipline.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James Joseph Sylvester</span> English mathematician (1814–1897)

James Joseph Sylvester was an English mathematician. He made fundamental contributions to matrix theory, invariant theory, number theory, partition theory, and combinatorics. He played a leadership role in American mathematics in the later half of the 19th century as a professor at the Johns Hopkins University and as founder of the American Journal of Mathematics. At his death, he was a professor at Oxford University.

The year 1850 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Martin Lister</span> English naturalist and physician (1639–1712)

Martin Lister FRS was an English naturalist and physician. His daughters Anne and Susanna were two of his illustrators and engravers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Irish Academy</span> All-Ireland academy of sciences and humanities

The Royal Irish Academy, based in Dublin, is an academic body that promotes study in the sciences, humanities and social sciences. It is Ireland's premier learned society and one its leading cultural institutions. The Academy was established in 1785 and granted a royal charter in 1786. As of 2019 the RIA has around 600 members, regular members being Irish residents elected in recognition of their academic achievements, and Honorary Members similarly qualified but based abroad; a small number of members are elected in recognition of non-academic contributions to society.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Lighton Synge</span> Irish mathematician and physicist

John Lighton Synge was an Irish mathematician and physicist, whose seven-decade career included significant periods in Ireland, Canada, and the USA. He was a prolific author and influential mentor, and is credited with the introduction of a new geometrical approach to the theory of relativity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James MacCullagh</span> Irish mathematician

James MacCullagh was an Irish mathematician.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Plot</span> 17th-century English scientist

Robert Plot was an English naturalist, first Professor of Chemistry at the University of Oxford, and the first keeper of the Ashmolean Museum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walter Heitler</span> German physicist (1904-1981)

Walter Heinrich Heitler was a German physicist who made contributions to quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory. He brought chemistry under quantum mechanics through his theory of valence bonding.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolaas Hartsoeker</span> Dutch mathematician and physicist

Nicolaas Hartsoeker was a Dutch mathematician and physicist who invented the screw-barrel simple microscope c. 1694.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dublin Philosophical Society</span>

The Dublin Philosophical Society was founded in 1683 by William Molyneux with the assistance of his brother Sir Thomas Molyneux and the future Provost and Bishop St George Ashe. It was intended to be the equivalent of the Royal Society in London as well as the Philosophical Society at the University of Oxford. Whilst it had a sometimes close connection with the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, its closest institutional connection was with Trinity College Dublin.

Arthur William Conway FRS was a distinguished Irish mathematician and mathematical physicist who wrote one of the first books on relativity and co-edited two volumes of William Rowan Hamilton's collected works. He also served as President of University College Dublin between 1940 and 1947.

Events from the year 1683 in Ireland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duncan Gregory</span> 19th-century Scottish mathematician

Duncan Farquharson Gregory was a Scottish mathematician.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hugh Hamilton (bishop)</span> Bishop of Ossory; Bishop of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh; Irish Anglican bishop

Hugh Hamilton was a mathematician, natural philosopher (scientist) and professor at Trinity College Dublin, and later a Church of Ireland bishop, Bishop of Clonfert and Kilmacduagh and then Bishop of Ossory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Murphy (mathematician)</span> Irish mathematician and physicist

Robert Murphy FRS was an Irish mathematician and physicist who made contributions to algebra.

Sheila Christina Tinney was an Irish mathematical physicist. Her 1941 PhD from the University of Edinburgh, completed under the supervision of Max Born in just two years, is believed to make her the first Irish-born and -raised woman to receive a doctorate in the mathematical sciences.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of women in science</span> Historical timeline of women involved in natural, social and formal sciences

This is a timeline of women in science, spanning from ancient history up to the 21st century. While the timeline primarily focuses on women involved with natural sciences such as astronomy, biology, chemistry and physics, it also includes women from the social sciences and the formal sciences, as well as notable science educators and medical scientists. The chronological events listed in the timeline relate to both scientific achievements and gender equality within the sciences.

References

  1. Anderson, Douglas. "Wrote Letter 39 of 1683-09-17 (AB 76) to Francis Aston". Lens on Leeuwenhoek. Archived from the original on 2016-08-20. Retrieved 2016-09-26.
  2. Eves, Howard (1990). An Introduction to the History of Mathematics (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders College. p. 405. ISBN   0-03-029558-0.
  3. Boyer, Carl; Merzbach, Uta (1991). A History of Mathematics (2nd ed.). Wiley. p.  419. ISBN   9780471543978.
  4. "Ashmolean Museum". The Invention of Museum Anthropology. Oxford: Pitt Rivers Museum. 2012. Retrieved 2019-05-25.
  5. Jones, Greta; Malcolm, Elizabeth (1999). Medicine, Disease and the State in Ireland, 1650–1940. Cork University Press. p. 91. ISBN   978-1-85918-230-7.
  6. Wilde, W. R. (1844–47). "Memoir of the Dublin Philosophical Society of 1683". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. 3: 160–76. JSTOR   20489545.
  7. Spearman, T. D. (1992). "400 Years of Mathematics". Trinity College Dublin . Retrieved 2014-01-09.