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Earl of Sandwich is a noble title in the Peerage of England, held since its creation by the House of Montagu. It is nominally associated with Sandwich, Kent. It was created in 1660 for the prominent naval commander Admiral Sir Edward Montagu. He was made Baron Montagu of St Neots, of St Neots in the County of Huntingdon, and Viscount Hinchingbrooke, at the same time, also in the Peerage of England. The viscountcy is used as the courtesy title by the heir apparent to the earldom. A member of the prominent Montagu family, Lord Sandwich was the son of Sir Sidney Montagu, youngest brother of Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester, and Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton.
Duke of Manchester is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the current senior title of the House of Montagu. It was created in 1719 for the politician Charles Montagu, 4th Earl of Manchester. Manchester Parish in Jamaica was named after the 5th Duke, while its capital Mandeville was named after his son and heir. The current Duke is Alexander Montagu, 13th Duke of Manchester, a controversial British and Australian citizen who lives in the United States and has served several prison sentences. He succeeded to the peerage in 2002 following the death of his father Angus Montagu, 12th Duke of Manchester, the last of the dukes to hold a seat in the House of Lords.
William Waldorf Astor II, 3rd Viscount Astor was an English businessman and Conservative Party politician. He was also a member of the Astor family.
Angus Edmund Upton Maude, Baron Maude of Stratford-upon-Avon, was a British Conservative Party politician. A Member of Parliament (MP) from 1950 to 1958 and from 1963 to 1983, he served as a cabinet minister from 1979 to 1981. He was the father of former Conservative MP Francis Maude.
George Edward Cecil Wigg, Baron Wigg, PC was a British Labour Party politician who only served in relatively junior offices but had a great deal of influence behind the scenes, especially with Harold Wilson.
The Conservative government of the United Kingdom that began in 1957 and ended in 1964 consisted of three ministries: the first Macmillan ministry, second Macmillan ministry, and then the Douglas-Home ministry. They were respectively led by Harold Macmillan and Sir Alec Douglas-Home, who were appointed by Queen Elizabeth II.
John Edward Hollister Montagu, 11th Earl of Sandwich, is a British businessman and politician. He was a crossbench member of the House of Lords from 1995 to 2024.
The National Fellowship was a minor right-wing libertarian conservative political party in the United Kingdom.
Nicolas Guy Barnett was a British Labour Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament for South Dorset from a by-election victory in 1962 until he was unseated in 1964, and later for Greenwich from a 1971 by-election until his death.
Alexander Victor Edward Paulet Montagu, known as Viscount Hinchingbrooke from 1916 to 1962, as the Earl of Sandwich from 1962 to 1964 and as Victor Montagu from 1964 to 1995, was a British Conservative Member of Parliament (MP). He was usually known to family and friends as 'Hinch Hinchingbrooke' or 'Hinch Sandwich' or, later, as 'Hinch Montagu'. In 2015, it was revealed that he was cautioned for indecently assaulting a child for a period of two years between 31 December 1970 and January 1972.
The 1958 Torrington by-election, in Devon, England, was the first gain by the British Liberal Party at a by-election since Holland with Boston in 1929.
Edward George Henry Montagu, 8th Earl of Sandwich KStJ, styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke until 1884, was a British peer, Conservative politician and author.
John William Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich PC, styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke from 1814 to 1818, was a British peer and Conservative politician. He served under Lord Derby as Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms in 1852 and as Master of the Buckhounds between 1858 and 1859.
The 1963 Stratford by-election was a by-election held on 15 August 1963 for the British House of Commons constituency of Stratford-on-Avon in Warwickshire.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Philip Hunloke TD was a British Conservative politician.
By-elections to the House of Lords occur when vacancies arise among seats assigned to hereditary peers due to death, resignation, or disqualification. Candidates for these by-elections are limited to holders of hereditary peerages, and their electorates are made up of sitting Lords; in most cases the electorate are those sitting hereditary peers of the same party affiliation as the departed peer.
Montagu is an English surname of Old French origin, a form of Montague. One notable family with this surname is the House of Montagu, who include the Earls of Sandwich. Notable people with the surname include:
Julie Montagu, Viscountess Hinchingbrooke is an American entrepreneur, yoga instructor, blogger, writer and television personality. She is married to Luke Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke, who is the son and heir to John Montagu, 11th Earl of Sandwich. Montagu began her television career as a cast member on the British reality series Ladies of London before hosting her own series on the Smithsonian Channel called An American Aristocrat's Guide to Great Estates. Since 2021 she has run her own series, American Viscountess, on YouTube.
Hon. William Augustus Montagu (1752–1776) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1774 to 1776.
Lady Mary Faith Culme-Seymour was a British aristocrat and letter writer. The daughter of the 9th Earl of Sandwich and American heiress Alberta Sturges, she grew up at the family's ancestral seat, Hinchingbrooke House in Huntingdon. When her brother, Victor Montagu, 10th Earl of Sandwich, sold the family home in 1955, Lady Faith took her close friend, the novelist E. M. Forster, to see it one last time. Her last tour of the home with Forster was an emotional one, and she documented the experience in her diary and in letters. She and Forster, who initially offered her advice on short story writing, remained friends until his death.
References
- ↑ F. W. S. Craig, Minor Parties at British Parliamentary Elections, p.129
- ↑ "1962 By Election Results". Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2015.