1994 | |
---|---|
Genre | Documentary |
Directed by | Diego Enrique Orsono |
Country of origin | Mexico |
Original language | Spanish |
No. of seasons | 1 |
No. of episodes | 5 |
Production | |
Running time | 44-52 min. |
Original release | |
Network | Netflix |
Release | May 17, 2019 |
1994 is a Mexican Spanish-language documentary directed by Diego Enrique Orsono, that premiered on Netflix on May 17, 2019. [1] [2] [3]
1994 explores corruption in Mexico during the tumultuous time for politics leading up to the 1994 elections, namely the protests against NAFTA and the Zapatista uprising in Chiapas in January; the assassination of Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta, the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party's candidate for President of Mexico, in Tijuana in March; Colosio's replacement, Ernesto Zedillo, winning the election in August; and the economic crisis after Zedillo took office in December. The series contains new interviews and archival footage of speeches, news reports and eye-witness accounts. [1] [2] [3]
No. | Title | Original release date | |
---|---|---|---|
1 | "El sucesor (The Successor)" | May 17, 2019 | |
After successfully managing Salinas' presidential campaign in 1988, Colosio becomes president of the PRI, where he promises reforms. He is appointed Secretary of Social Development in Salinas' cabinet in preparation for a run for the presidency in 1994. The Salinas administration conducts trade negotiations with the United States and Canada, resulting in NAFTA. | |||
2 | "Revolución (Revolution)" | May 17, 2019 | |
The Zapatista uprising begins in Chiapas on January 1, 1994, the day NAFTA goes into effect, and Subcomandante Marcos becomes the icon of the rebellion. The efforts of peace commissioner Manuel Camacho Solís to deal with the crisis prove popular, putting Colosio's candidacy into doubt. On March 6, Colosio delivers a public address in Mexico City acknowledging Mexico's problems and pledging to reform the system and oppose authoritarianism, revitalizing his campaign. | |||
3 | "La culebra (The Snake)" | May 17, 2019 | |
Chaos erupts when Colosio is assassinated at a campaign rally in Tijuana on March 23, 1994. The accused shooter, Mario Aburto Martínez, is arrested, but refuses to answer questions; others are accused, arrested, and questioned as being conspirators. At the insistence of Colosio's ailing widow, the Salinas administration appoints a special prosecutor. | |||
4 | "Caballero Águila (Eagle Knight)" | May 17, 2019 | |
Colosio's campaign manager, Ernesto Zedillo, becomes the PRI's new candidate, and wins the election in August. Aburto goes on trial and confesses to shooting Colosio, and is sentenced to 40 years in prison. Multiple special prosecutors investigate both Colosio's murder and the murder of PRI secretary-general José Francisco Ruiz Massieu in September; several accused conspirators are imprisoned and then released due to lack of evidence. | |||
5 | "Tierra redonda (Round Earth)" | May 17, 2019 | |
Zedillo assumes the presidency on December 1, 1994, and is confronted with a devastating economic crisis. Marcos is "unmasked" as Rafael Sebastián Guillén in a failed effort to damage the Zapatistas' image. The special prosecutions continue for the murders of Colosio and Ruiz Massieu. Raúl Salinas is arrested and charged with Ruiz Massieu's murder, but is exonerated after spending ten years in prison. Zedillo's administration ends in a democratic transition to Vicente Fox of the opposition PAN in 2000. |
Carlos Salinas de Gortari is a Mexican economist and former politician who served as the 60th president of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. Affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), earlier in his career he worked in the Secretariat of Programming and Budget, eventually becoming Secretary. He secured the party's nomination for the 1988 general election and was elected amid widespread accusations of electoral fraud.
Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano is a Mexican politician and civil engineer. A prominent social-democrat and the son of 51st president of Mexico Lázaro Cárdenas, he is a former Head of Government of Mexico City and a founder of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). He ran for the presidency of Mexico three times, and his loss in the 1988 Mexican general election to Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) candidate Carlos Salinas de Gortari had long been considered the result of electoral fraud perpetrated by the ruling PRI, later acknowledged by Miguel de la Madrid, the incumbent president at the time of the election. He previously served as a Senator, having been elected in 1976 to represent the state of Michoacán and also as the Governor of Michoacán from 1980 to 1986.
Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León is a Mexican economist and politician. He was the 61st president of Mexico from 1994 to 2000, as the last of the uninterrupted 71-year line of Mexican presidents from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).
Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta was a Mexican politician, economist, and Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) presidential candidate, who was assassinated at a campaign rally in Tijuana during the Mexican presidential campaign of 1994.
The Mexican peso crisis was a currency crisis sparked by the Mexican government's sudden devaluation of the peso against the U.S. dollar in December 1994, which became one of the first international financial crises ignited by capital flight.
Mario Aburto Martínez is a Mexican man who was convicted for assassinating presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio in 1994. He confessed to the murder and was sentenced to 42 years in prison. Despite the confession and conviction, the New York Times reported that there was widespread belief within Mexico that the conviction involved a conspiracy and coverup mainly by Carlos Salinas de Gortari and Manuel Camacho Solís. A later Mexican film called Colosio, el asesinato alleged that the Salinas government was behind the crime.
Raul Peimbert Diaz is a Mexican-American newscaster. He is the eldest son of Raul Peimbert Gaytan and Aura Diaz de Peimbert. Born in Livermore, California on March 15, 1962, he was raised in Mexico.
Esteban Moctezuma Barragán is a Mexican diplomat and politician, formerly affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and is a member of MORENA. He is a former Senator and served as secretary of social development and secretary of the interior in the cabinet of President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León. From that position, early in January 1995, he pursued peace talks in Chiapas with the EZLN insurgents; in February the government pursued a strategy of military intervention, followed by a resumption of peace talks with the insurgents. In 2018, he was appointed by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador as secretary of education. On 16 December 2020, Moctezuma was nominated ambassador of Mexico to the United States and confirmed by the Senate on 16 January 2021.
Víctor Manuel Camacho Solís was a Mexican politician who served in the cabinets of presidents Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Salinas. Born in Mexico City to Manuel Camacho López and Luz Solís, he belonged to the Frente Amplio Progresista. At first he was affiliated with the PRI, later with the Party of the Democratic Center and then with the Party of the Democratic Revolution.
Events in the year 1994 in Mexico.
General elections were held in Mexico on 21 August 1994. The presidential elections resulted in a victory for Ernesto Zedillo of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), whilst the PRI won 300 of the 500 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 95 of the 128 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout ranged from 77.4% in the proportional representation section of the Chamber elections to 75.9% in the constituency section.
Luis Héctor Álvarez Álvarez was a Mexican industrialist and politician. Álvarez was a member of the National Action Party. In 1958 he was a candidate for the Presidency of Mexico. He has also served as Mayor of Chihuahua, president of his party and was the coordinator of the dialogues for peace in Chiapas.
Fernando Francisco Gómez Mont Urueta is a Mexican lawyer and politician who served as Secretary of the Interior. He was appointed by President Felipe Calderón on November 10, 2008, following the death of secretary Juan Camilo Mouriño in a plane crash on November 4. Gómez Mont was a member of the National Action Party until his resignation from the party on February 10, 2010. He presented his resignation on July 14, 2010, and President Calderon appointed Francisco Blake Mora to take charge of the Secretary of the Interior.
The 1995 Zapatista Crisis was a political crisis in Mexico in the aftermath of the 1994 Zapatista uprisings, which began as a result of the 1991 revision of Article 27 of Mexico's Constitution. This revision caused unrest in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas, as many indigenous tribes believed the article's revision negatively affected them due to the new economic policies. Violence ensued over several years, and the many peace deals proposed by the Mexican government were rejected. After he came to power in 1994, President Ernesto Zedillo took a series of decisions that contradicted decisions from the earlier administration.
Andrés Marco Antonio Bernal Gutiérrez is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. As of 2013 he served as Deputy of both the LX and LXII Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Tamaulipas. He also served as Senator during the LVII Legislature.
Events in the year 1950 in Mexico.
Events in the year 1993 in Mexico.
Events in the year 1992 in Mexico.
Max García Appedole is a Mexican entrepreneur and political activist. Appedole is considered an important advocate for the Mexican Government's peaceful solution with the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN).
Crime Diaries: The Candidate is a Spanish-language Mexican biographical crime television miniseries starring Martín Altomaro, Norma Angélica and Enrique Arreola. The plot is inspired by real-life events with real-life footage inter-cutting with the drama, and revolves around the assassination in Tijuana of presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio from Mexico's ruling PRI party in 1994. The series follows a pair of detectives and Luis's dying widow Diana Laura investigate to unravel the truth.