2025 Hamburg state election

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2025 Hamburg state election
Flag of Hamburg.svg
  2020 2 March 20252030 

All 121 seats in the Hamburg Parliament
61 seats needed for a majority
Turnout4,366,018 (67.7%)
Increase2.svg 4.5%
 First partySecond partyThird party
 
2024-10-24 Politik, Ministerprasidentenkonferenz 2024 Leipzig STP 8019 by Stepro.jpg
Dennis Thering IMG 3165 edit.jpg
Katharina Fegebank in Hamburg (cropped).jpg
Candidate Peter Tschentscher Dennis Thering Katharina Fegebank
Party SPD CDU Greens
Last election54 seats, 39.2%15 seats, 11.2%33 seats, 24.2%
Seats won452625
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 9Increase2.svg 11Decrease2.svg 8
Popular vote1,463,560864,700805,783
Percentage33.5%19.8%18.5%
SwingDecrease2.svg 5.7 ppIncrease2.svg 8.6 ppDecrease2.svg 5.7 pp

 Fourth partyFifth partySixth party
 
2025-01-18 Ausserordentlicher Bundesparteitag Die Linke 2025 in Berlin by Sandro Halank-144.jpg
2025-03-02 Wahlabend Hamburg by Sandro Halank-039.jpg
FDP
Candidate Cansu Özdemir Dirk NockemannKatarina Blume
Party Left AfD FDP
Last election13 seats, 9.1%7 seats, 5.3%1 seat, 4.9%
Seats won15100
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 2Increase2.svg 3Decrease2.svg 1
Popular vote487,729329,066100,522
Percentage11.2%7.5%2.3%
SwingIncrease2.svg 2.1 ppIncrease2.svg 2.2 ppDecrease2.svg 2.6 pp

2025 Hamburg state election.svg
Election results by constituency

Government before election

Second Tschentscher senate
SPD–Green

Government after election

Third Tschentscher senate
SPD–Green

The 2025 Hamburg state election was held on 2 March 2025. [1] It was held to elect the members of the 23rd Hamburg Parliament.

Contents

Background

In 2020, the SPD came first, losing four seats but coming ahead of the Greens by a large margin. The Greens almost doubled their share of the vote. The CDU achieved its worst ever result in a Hamburg general election, with 11.2 percent, while The Left took 9.1 percent, its best. The AfD just managed to get back in with 5.3 percent of the votes.

The FDP, on the other hand, fell just short of the five percent hurdle with 4.96 percent and missed out on entering parliament for the first time since 2008. However, because of a direct mandate from its top candidate, Anna-Elisabeth von Treuenfels-Frowein, in the Blankenese constituency, the FDP was represented by a non-attached member of parliament. Another member, Sami Musa, joined in January 2022, bringing the number of FDP seats to two, after leaving the SPD in September 2021. The party was reduced to a single seat when von Treuenfels-Frowein defected to the CDU in 2024. Metin Kaya, who was elected for The Left, joined the new Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) in November 2023.

The Second Tschentscher senate was formed as a red–green coalition. [2]

Electoral system

Since 2008 Hamburg elections have been held using an open-list system of proportional representation. The Sainte-Laguë method is used to distributed seats. Each voter has ten votes: Five votes can be cast for local constituency candidates and five for candidates on each party's state list. [3] The state is divided into 17 constituencies of 3-5 seats. 71 representatives are elected in these based on the result of the constituency vote. A further 50 seats are elected as state list seat, based on the number of state list votes received by each party, distributed in such a way that the distribution of all 121 is proportional to the state list vote. Only parties receiving more than 5% of the state list votes are eligible to receive state list seats; there is no legal threshold for constituency seats. [3]

If a party receiving less than 5% of the vote wins one or more constituency seats, the size of the legislature is increased beyond 121 members. A further seat is added if necessary, to ensure that the total number of members is odd. [3]

Opinion polls

Graphical summary

2025 Hamburg state election polling.svg

Party polling

Polling firmFieldwork dateSample
size
SPD Grüne CDU Linke AfD FDP Volt BSW OthersLead
2025 state election 2 Mar 202533.518.519.811.27.52.33.21.82.113.7
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 26–27 Feb 20251,0463317181293815
INSA 24–26 Feb 20251,000321617131133515
Federal election 23 Feb 202522.719.320.714.410.94.51.54.01.92.0
Infratest dimap 17–19 Feb 20251,3083218171010333414
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 10–13 Feb 20251,05532191899333413
Infratest dimap 29 Jan3 Feb 20251,1643120188933811
Trend Research Hamburg 16–20 Jan 2025890342016611333414
Infratest dimap 9–13 Jan 20251,159312217594489
Trend Research Hamburg 5–10 Dec 2024886322017710433412
Infratest dimap 20–25 Nov 20241,1773021196933449
Forsa 24–28 Oct 20241,0173021215844711
EP election 9 Jun 202418.821.118.55.18.07.05.94.910.62.3
Wahlkreisprognose 15–25 Apr 20241,3043221.51868.53.528.510.5
Infratest dimap 1–5 Feb 20241,16430212079589
Trend Research Hamburg 17–24 Oct 20231,06831191810144412
Wahlkreisprognose 24 Sep–2 Oct 20231,00024.521.5218.51338.53
Civey 26 Sep–24 Oct 20221,0002930205547.01
Wahlkreisprognose 9–16 Sep 202295032271587655
Wahlkreisprognose 24–29 Jan 20221,0004026.5106575.513.5
2021 federal election 26 Sep 202129.724.915.46.75.011.40.56.44.8
pmg – policy matters 2–11 Jun 20201,0203723131065414
2020 state election 23 Feb 202039.224.211.29.15.34.91.36.115.0

First mayor polling

Polling firmFieldwork dateSample
size
2024-10-24 Politik, Ministerprasidentenkonferenz 2024 Leipzig STP 8019 by Stepro.jpg Katharina Fegebank in Hamburg (cropped).jpg
Dennis Thering IMG 3165 edit.jpg
Lead
Tschentscher
SPD
Fegebank
Greens
Thering
CDU
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 25–27 Feb 20251,25051141536
Infratest dimap 17–19 Feb 20251,30849161633
Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 10–13 Feb 20251,05552171235
Infratest dimap 27 Jan3 Feb 20251,16444161528
Infratest dimap 9–13 Jan 20251,15944161628
Infratest dimap 20–25 Nov 20241,17746151231

Results

The incumbent red-green coalition won 70 of 121 seats and thus retained its majority. Tschentscher stated he would begin discussions over renewing the coalition as soon as possible. He also intends to talk to the CDU in view of that party's improved result, but called a grand coalition his "second choice". [4]

Overall results

2025 Hamburg Buergerschaft.svg
PartyConstituency listStatewide listTotal
seats
+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Social Democratic Party 1,329,23730.75271,463,56033.521845Decrease2.svg 9
Christian Democratic Union 946,79521.9018864,70019.81826Increase2.svg 11
Alliance 90/The Greens 836,34119.3514805,78318.461125Decrease2.svg 8
The Left 559,74512.959487,72911.17615Increase2.svg 2
Alternative for Germany 293,5206.793329,0667.54710Increase2.svg 3
Volt Germany 188,3964.360141,4903.2400Steady2.svg 0
Free Democratic Party 129,5413.000100,5222.3000Decrease2.svg 1
Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance 76,9221.7600New
Democratic Alliance for Diversity and Awakening 13,6050.31025,2500.5800Steady2.svg 0
Human Environment Animal Protection Party 24,7230.5700Steady2.svg 0
Die PARTEI 15,6200.3600Steady2.svg 0
Free Voters 11,6950.27012,1970.2800Steady2.svg 0
The Vote – For Peace and Social Justice9,8500.2307,2510.1700Steady2.svg 0
Ecological Democratic Party 6,5710.1500Steady2.svg 0
Alliance Germany 2,9560.0700Steady2.svg 0
National Democratic Party of Germany [a] 1,6780.0400Steady2.svg 0
Independents [b] 4,1780.1000Steady2.svg 0
The German Conservatives 1260.0000New
Total4,323,029100.00714,366,018100.0050121
Valid votes4,323,02999.694,366,01899.61
Invalid/blank votes13,4010.3116,9470.39
Total votes4,336,430100.004,382,965100.00
Registered voters/turnout67.767.7
Source:

Electorate

Demographic SPD Grüne CDU Linke AfD FDP VOLT BSW Other
Total vote33.5%18.5%19.8%11.2%7.5%2.3%3.2%1.8%2.2%
Sex
Men32%17%22%10%9%3%4%2%1%
Women35%20%18%12%6%2%3%2%2%
Age
16–24 years old27%16%11%25%6%4%4%2%5%
25–34 years old25%25%11%20%6%3%6%2%2%
35–44 years old28%24%16%12%8%2%6%2%2%
45–59 years old34%19%24%6%9%2%2%2%2%
60–69 years old41%14%24%6%8%2%1%2%2%
70 and older47%9%29%5%5%2%1%1%1%
Employment status
Self-employed24%20%26%8%11%3%3%2%3%
Employees32%21%18%11%6%2%4%2%4%
Workers32%12%18%11%15%2%4%4%2%
Pensioners47%8%25%6%10%2%1%1%0%
Education
Simple education45%8%25%6%10%2%1%1%0%
Medium education38%9%22%10%12%2%2%2%3%
High education30%23%19%12%5%3%4%2%2%
Financial situation
Good35%19%20%10%6%2%3%1%4%
Bad24%11%15%21%17%1%3%5%3%

https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/innenpolitik/wahlverhalten-bevoelkerungsgruppen-umfragen-buergerschaftswahl-hamburg-2025-100.html

Notes

  1. Legally unrelated party to The Homeland. The Hamburg state chapter of The Homeland left the party in June 2023 in protest of its rebranding from the National Democratic Party, and subsequently formed a new party under the former name. [5]
  2. Süleyman Cevik, Lukas Thiele, Bérangère Bultheel

References

  1. "Hamburg: Bürgerschaftswahl soll am 2. März 2025 stattfinden". NDR.de (in German). 23 March 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  2. "Red-Green agree on coalition agreement". Radio Hamburg (in German). 4 June 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 "Social Democrats lead Hamburg state election: projection – DW – 03/02/2025". dw.com. Retrieved 2 March 2025.
  4. "Regierungsbildung: SPD will so schnell wie möglich sondieren – Gespräche noch in dieser Woche - WELT". DIE WELT (in German). 4 March 2025.
  5. "Rechtsextremistische Parteien". hamburg.de.