4th Cruiser Squadron

Last updated

4th Cruiser Squadron
Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg
Active1907–1914, 1919-1946
Country United Kingdom
Branch Royal Navy
Garrison/HQHalifax, Nova Scotia (1907-1915)
Commanders
Notable
commanders
Rear-Admiral Frederick S. Inglefield

The 4th Cruiser Squadron [1] and (also known as Cruiser Force H) [2] was a formation of cruisers of the British Royal Navy from 1907 to 1914 and then again from 1919 to 1946.

Contents

The squadron was first established in 1907, replacing the North America and West Indies Station. It became a training squadron based in Home waters but which was to make three cruises annually, including to the West Indies. [2] In April 1907 it comprised Euryalus, Hogue, and Sutlej. [3]

On 1 May 1912, the Fourth Cruiser Squadron was renamed the Training Squadron. With the appointment in 1913 of Rear Admiral Christopher Cradock the squadron ceased to be a training squadron and became part of the First Fleet. During World War I, the 4th Cruiser Squadron was commanded by Rear Admiral Christopher Cradock; the squadron was effectively annihilated at the Battle of Coronel 1 November 1914. [2]

From April 1919 to 1939, it was in the East Indies, and comprised HMS Highflyer, HMS Caroline, HMS Comus, HMS Southampton (Flagship) until July 1925; HMS Colombo (January 1922-January 1926; June 1932-February 1936); HMS Cairo (June 1922-December 1926); and HMS Chatham (October 1924-January 1926) assigned from the Navy's old light cruisers; HMS Effingham (Flag) (July 1925 – 1933); HMS Emerald (1935-August 1938); HMS Enterprise (January 1926 – 1935; February 1936 – 1939); and HMS Hawkins (1933-March 1935) from the E-Class cruisers and Frobishers; plus from the newer cruiser HMS Norfolk, and the Town-class cruisers HMS Manchester, Liverpool, and Gloucester. [4]

Ships on 1 November 1914

NameType [5] Guns [5] Speed [5] Displacement [5] Crew [5]
HMS Good Hope Armored cruiser 2 × 9.2 in (230 mm) guns
16 × 6 in (150 mm) guns
23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph)14,100 t (13,900 long tons; 15,500 short tons)900
HMS Monmouth Armored cruiser14 × 6 in guns23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph)9,800 t (9,600 long tons; 10,800 short tons)690
HMS Glasgow Light cruiser 2 × 6 in guns
16 × 4 in (100 mm) guns
25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph)5,300 t (5,200 long tons; 5,800 short tons)411
HMS Otranto Armed merchantman 4 × 4.7 in (120 mm) guns18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)12,124 t (11,933 long tons; 13,364 short tons)350

Notes

  1. Friedman, Norman (2012). British Cruisers of the Victorian Era. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. p. 288. ISBN   9781473853126.
  2. 1 2 3 Harley, Simon; Lovell, Tony. "Fourth Cruiser Squadron (Royal Navy) - The Dreadnought Project". www.dreadnoughtproject.org. Harley and Lovell,10 November 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  3. Sieche 1990, p. 146.
  4. "Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployment, Inter-War Years 1919-1939".
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 McNally, pp. 39–40

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Home Fleet</span> Former naval fleet of the Royal Navy

The Home Fleet was a fleet of the Royal Navy that operated from the United Kingdom's territorial waters from 1902 with intervals until 1967. In 1967, it was merged with the Mediterranean Fleet creating the new Western Fleet.

The 5th Battle Squadron was a squadron of the British Royal Navy consisting of battleships. The 5th Battle Squadron was initially part of the Royal Navy's Second Fleet. During the First World War, the Home Fleet was renamed the Grand Fleet.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mediterranean Fleet</span> Formation of the Royal Navy, active from 1654 to 1967

The British Mediterranean Fleet, also known as the Mediterranean Station, was a formation of the Royal Navy. The Fleet was one of the most prestigious commands in the navy for the majority of its history, defending the vital sea link between the United Kingdom and the majority of the British Empire in the Eastern Hemisphere. The first Commander-in-Chief for the Mediterranean Fleet was the appointment of General at Sea Robert Blake in September 1654. The Fleet was in existence until 1967.

<i>Monmouth</i>-class cruiser

The Monmouth class was a ten-ship class of 10,000-ton armoured cruisers built around 1901 to 1903 for the Royal Navy and designed specifically for commerce protection. The ships were also referred to as County class cruisers as they carried the names of British counties.

The 6th Battle Squadron was a squadron of the British Royal Navy consisting of Battleships serving in the Grand Fleet and existed from 1913 to 1917.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Battle Squadron</span> Battleship formation of the Royal Navy

The 2nd Battle Squadron was a naval squadron of the British Royal Navy consisting of battleships. The 2nd Battle Squadron was initially part of the Royal Navy's Grand Fleet. After World War I the Grand Fleet was reverted to its original name, the Atlantic Fleet. The squadron changed composition often as ships were damaged, retired or transferred.

The 3rd Battle Squadron was a naval squadron of the British Royal Navy consisting of battleships and other vessels, active from at least 1914 to 1945. The 3rd Battle Squadron was initially part of the Royal Navy's Home Fleet. During the First World War, the Home Fleet was renamed the Grand Fleet. During the Second World War, the squadron covered Atlantic convoys.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle Cruiser Fleet</span> Former naval fleet of the Royal Navy

The Battle Cruiser Fleet, (BCF), later known as Battle Cruiser Force, a naval formation of fast battlecruisers of the Royal Navy, operated from 1915 to 1919.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battlecruiser Squadron</span> Military unit

The Battlecruiser Squadron was a Royal Navy squadron of battlecruisers that saw service from 1919 to the early part of the Second World War. Its best-known constituent ship was HMS Hood, "The Mighty Hood", which was lost in the Battle of the Denmark Strait on 24 May 1941. Following the loss of HMS Repulse on 10 December 1941, Battlecruiser Squadron was disbanded. Its last surviving member, HMS Renown, survived World War II and was removed from service and scrapped in 1948.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Cruiser Squadron</span> Military unit

The First Cruiser Squadron was a Royal Navy squadron of cruisers that saw service as part of the Grand Fleet during World War I, then later as part of the Mediterranean during the Interwar period and World War II. It was first established in 1904 and existed until 1952.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">British North Russia Squadron</span> Squadron of the Royal Navy from 1917 to 1919

The British North Russia Squadron was a squadron of the Royal Navy based at Murmansk from 1917 to 1919.

The 2nd Division was a naval formation of the British Home Fleet it was formed before First World War in March 1909 until May 1912.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">9th Cruiser Squadron</span> Military unit

The 9th Cruiser Squadron was a formation of cruisers of the Royal Navy from 1912 to 1919 and again from 1939 to 1940. Cruiser squadrons consisted of five to six ships in wartime and in peacetime as low as two to three ships. From 1914 until 1924/25 they were designated as Light Cruiser Squadrons then after 1925 redesignated as Cruiser Squadrons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">11th Cruiser Squadron</span> Military unit

The 11th Cruiser Squadron and also known as Cruiser Force E was a formation of cruisers of the British Royal Navy from 1914 to 1917 and again from 1939 to 1940.

The Flag Officer-in-Charge, Humber was a Royal Navy officer who administered naval forces located at Immingham and Grimsby, Lincolnshire, England. His formation was sometimes known as the Humber Station or Humber Area. In World War I it was a sub-command of the Admiral of Patrols from 1914 to 1916, then came under the Commander-in-Chief at the Nore until 1921. In World War II the FOIC was responsible to the Commander-in-Chief, The Nore.

The British 3rd Destroyer Flotilla, also styled as Third Destroyer Flotilla, was a naval formation of the Royal Navy from 1909 to 1939 and again from 1945 to 1951.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">4th Destroyer Flotilla</span> Military unit

The British 4th Destroyer Flotilla , or Fourth Destroyer Flotilla, was a naval formation of the Royal Navy from August 1909 to July 1951.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eastern Mediterranean Squadron</span> Military unit

The Eastern Mediterranean Squadron later known as the British Aegean Squadron was a naval formation of the Mediterranean Fleet based at Mudros from 1914 to 1916. It then alternated between Mudros on the island of Lemnos and Salonika from 1917 to 1919.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black Sea and Caspian Squadron</span> Military unit

The Black Sea and Caspian Squadron, also known as the Black Sea and Marmora Force and the Black Sea and Marmora Division, was a naval formation of the British Mediterranean Fleet from 1918 to 1919.

References