71st Air Defense Artillery Regiment

71st Air Defense Artillery Regiment
71st Air Defense Artillery Regiment
	Coat of arms
Active	1918-82
Country	USA
Branch	United States Army
Type	Air defense artillery
Role	Anti-aircraft warfare
Size	Regiment
Motto(s)	"Unidique Venimus" (We Come From All Parts)
Equipment	BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII ; 37mm Gun M1 ; 120 mm M1 gun ; MIM-23 Hawk ; MIM-14 Nike-Hercules ; M55 .50-caliber machine gun:; M45 Quadmount
Commanders
Notable; commanders	Edward W. Timberlake
Insignia
Distinctive unit insignia

Last updated April 20, 2023

The 71st Air Defense Artillery was a regiment in the United States Army.

Lineage/history

World War I

Constituted 2 May 1918 in the Regular Army as the 71st Artillery, United States Army Coast Artillery Corps with Colonel Frank S. Long commanding.^[1]
Organized 12 May 1918 in the Coast Defenses of Boston (Massachusetts) with headquarters at Fort Strong, Massachusetts.

The regiment sailed via Halifax, Nova Scotia, to England then crossed the English Channel to Le Havre, France then on to an Organization and Training Center in the vicinity of Angers, France in 1918 when the Armistice with Germany ending World War I was signed.^[2]

Returned to the continental US and demobilized 6 March 1919 at Camp Devens, Massachusetts (now Fort Devens).^[3]

World War II

The 71st Artillery, Coast Artillery Corps, reconstituted and consolidated with the 71st Coast Artillery (Antiaircraft) Regiment at Fort Monroe, Virginia, on July 1, 1940, using officers of the 504th Coast Artillery (Antiaircraft) Regiment, Organized Reserve,^[2] a 65-man cadre from the 52nd Coast Artillery in Harbor Defense Sandy Hook, and a similar group from 70th Coast Artillery (Anti Aircraft) Regiment at Fort Moultrie and Fort Screven (see Tybee Island, Georgia).^[2]
The 1st Battalion activated on July 31, 1940, and the 2nd Battalion on Jan. 3, 1941 at Fort Story, Virginia (now Joint Expeditionary Base East).
Regiment moved to anti-aircraft positions in the vicinity of Norfolk, VA, December 8, 1941, to January 7, 1942, when the regiment moved to the Washington, D.C., area, to establish anti-aircraft defenses. The 3rd Bn was activated June 15, 1942.
The regiment remained posted at Washington until inactivated September 1, 1943. Its elements reorganized and redesignated as follows: Headquarters Battery, 71st Antiaircraft Artillery Group; 1st Battalion as the 71st Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion;^[4] 3rd Battalion as the 241st Antiaircraft Artillery Searchlight Battalion.^[5]
The 2nd Battalion (HAWK), 71st Artillery was activated 1 March 1960 at Fort Bliss, Texas and later stationed in Korea. 2nd Battalion redesignated 1 Sept 1971 as the 2nd Battalion, 71st Air Defense Artillery.^[5]

Cold War

Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 71st Antiaircraft Artillery Group, inactivated 25 March 1946 at Munich, Germany.
Redesignated 15 September 1949 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 71st Antiaircraft Artillery Gun Battalion.
Activated 30 September 1949 at Fort Bliss, Texas, with organic batteries of the former 71st Antiaircraft Artillery Gun Battalion.
Redesignated 22 July 1953 as the 71st Antiaircraft Artillery Missile Battalion.
Inactivated 1 September 1958 in the Washington (DC)-Baltimore (MD) Defense Area.
Reorganized and redesignated 28 August 1958 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2d Missile Battalion, 71st Artillery (organic elements concurrently constituted and activated).
Moved by train and ship from Ft. Bliss, TX to Taiwan and activated as an operational Nike-Hercules battalion October 26, 1958.^[6]
Battalion inactivated 15 August 1959 in Taiwan.^[5] Inactivated 20 July 1982 in Korea.^[5]^[7]

Vietnam War

Battery D, 71st Artillery (.50-caliber machine-gun) 29 September 1966 to 25 June 1971

"Battery D of the 71st Artillery was a quad mounted M55 .50-calibermachine-gun battery stationed on its first tour in Vietnam at Long Binh with the 5th Battalion, 2nd Artillery and later II Field Force, Vietnam. On its second tour in Vietnam the battery was attached to XXIV Corps stationed at Da Nang."^[8]

6th Battalion, 71st Artillery (HAWK Missile) 29 September 1965 to 22 September 1968

"The 6th Battalion of the 71st Artillery was a mobile HAWK missile battalion located first at Qui Nhon. In 1966, as part of the 97th Artillery Group,^[8] the battalion was relocated to Cam Ranh Bay, where it remained until departing Vietnam."^[8]

Organic elements

1st Missile Battalion, 71st Artillery ^[5]
2nd Battalion, 71st Air Defense Artillery (1971–82)(South Korea); formerly 2nd Missile Battalion, 71st Artillery (1958–59, 1960–66)^[5]
3rd Battalion, 71st Artillery^[5]
6th Battalion, 71st Artillery^[8]
Battery D, 71st Artillery^[8]
16th Detachment, 71st Air Defense Artillery^[5]

Distinctive unit insignia

Description

A Gold color metal and enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height overall blazoned as follows: Gules, five high explosive projectiles palewise in chevron surmounted by three chevronels Or. Attached below and to the sides of the insignia a Gold scroll inscribed "UNDIQUE VENIMUS" in Black letters.

Symbolism

Scarlet and yellow are the colors used for Artillery. The three chevronels from the coat of arms of John Winthrop, the founder of the Boston Colony, alludes to Boston, the area in which the unit was originally constituted and organized in 1918. The five projectiles are symbolic of the unit's five battle honors awarded for service in World War II. They also commemorate the mission of the unit to attack and destroy enemy aircraft. The motto translates to "We Come From All Parts".

Background

The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 71st Artillery Regiment on 21 May 1959. It was redesignated for the 71st Air Defense Artillery Regiment effective 1 September 1971.

Coat of arms

Blazon
- Shield- Gules, five high explosive projectiles palewise in chevron surmounted by three chevronels Or.
- Crest- On a wreath of the colors Or and Gules a fixed searchlight Sable, glass Or charged with a fleur-de-lis Gules.
- Motto- UNIDIQUE VENIMUS (We Come From All Parts).
Symbolism
- Shield- Scarlet and yellow are the colors used for Artillery. The three chevronels from the coat of arms of John Winthrop, the founder of the Boston Colony, alludes to Boston, the area in which the unit was originally constituted and organized in 1918. The five projectiles are symbolic of the unit's five battle honors awarded for service in World War II. They also commemorate the mission of the unit to attack and destroy enemy aircraft.
- Crest- The fixed searchlight used in seacoast defense refers to the former mission of the regiment as coast artillery. The fleur-de-lis is for service in World War I.
Background- The coat of arms was originally approved for the 71st Artillery Regiment on 21 May 1959. It was redesignated for the 71st Air Defense Artillery Regiment effective 1 September 1971.

Campaign streamers

World War I: Streamer without inscription
World War II: Normandy, Northern France, Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, Central Europe

Decorations

Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

Air Force Outstanding Unit Award, Streamer embroidered KOREA 1978-1982 (2nd Battalion, 71st Air Defense Artillery)^[5]

Related Research Articles

The 60th Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense unit of the United States Army.

The 4th Air Defense Artillery Regiment was constituted 1 June 1821 in the Regular Army as the 4th Regiment of Artillery and organized from new and existing units with headquarters at Pensacola, Florida. As a result of the division of the Artillery Corps into Coast and Field Artillery units, the Regiment was broken up 13 February 1901, and its elements reorganized and redesignated as separate numbered companies and batteries of the Artillery Corps.

The 11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade is an air defense artillery brigade of the United States Army stationed at Fort Bliss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment</span> Military unit

The 1st Air Defense Artillery is an air defense artillery regiment in the United States Army first formed as a field artillery unit in 1821.

The 2nd Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment is a battalion in the 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment, a regiment in the United States Army, first formed in 1812, and based in South Korea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">52nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment</span> Military unit

The 52nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment of the United States Army first organized in 1917 as a railway gun unit. It continued in that role unit 1943, when the regiment was broken in separate railway gun battalions, and in the following year the units were reorganized and redesignated as field artillery.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment</span> Military unit

The 2nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment of the United States Army, first formed in 1821 as a field artillery unit.

The 11th Coast Artillery was a coast artillery regiment in the United States Army, first constituted in the Regular Army on 27 February 1924. It primarily served as the Regular Army component of the Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound, New York from 1924 through 1944, when it was relieved and disbanded as part of an Army-wide reorganization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">5th Air Defense Artillery Regiment</span> Military unit

The 5th Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an Air Defense Artillery regiment of the United States Army, first formed in 1861 in the Regular Army as the 5th Regiment of Artillery.

The 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment of the United States Army, first formed in 1821 as the 3rd Regiment of Artillery.

The 7th Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment of the United States Army, first constituted in the Regular Army as the 7th Regiment of Artillery on 8 March 1898. The 6th and 7th U.S. Artillery Regiments were constituted on 8 March 1898, three weeks after the explosion of USS Maine in Havana, Cuba on 15 February 1898, as the United States' declaration of war on Spain and commencement of the Spanish–American War seemed imminent.

The 79th Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment of the United States Army. First constituted 1916 in the Regular Army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">44th Air Defense Artillery Regiment</span> Military unit

The 44th Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an Air Defense Artillery regiment of the United States Army, first constituted in 1918 in the Regular Army during World War I. During World War II the unit served as the 54th Coast Artillery Regiment

<span class="mw-page-title-main">6th Air Defense Artillery Regiment</span> Military unit

The 6th Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment in the United States Army, first formed in 1898 as the 6th Regiment of Artillery. The 6th and 7th U.S. Artillery Regiments were constituted on 8 March 1898, three weeks after the explosion of the USS Maine in Havana, Cuba on 15 February 1898, as the United States' declaration of war on Spain and commencement of the Spanish–American War seemed imminent.

The 9th Coast Artillery Regiment was a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army.

The 10th Coast Artillery Regiment was a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army. It primarily served as the Regular Army coast artillery component of the Harbor Defenses (HD) of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island from 1924 through 1944, when it was relieved and disbanded as part of an Army-wide reorganization.

The 61st Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment in the United States Army. The lineages of some of the units that initially made up the 61st Artillery (CAC) give the regiment's 1st Battalion campaign credit for the War of 1812.

The 62nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an Air Defense Artillery regiment in the United States Army. The lineages of some of the units that have been part of the 62nd Air Defense Artillery and its predecessors give the regiment campaign credit for the War of 1812.

The 63rd Coast Artillery was a Coast Artillery regiment in the United States Army. It was deactivated and broken up in 1943, with its last descendants inactivated in 1958.

The 202nd Air Defense Artillery was an antiaircraft regiment of the Illinois Army National Guard.

References

This article incorporates public domain material from 71st Air Defense Artillery. United States Army Institute of Heraldry.

↑ "History of the 71st Artillery, C.A.C." Liaison. II (3): 146. July 19, 1919.
1 2 3 Gaines, William C. (May 2009). "Coast Artillery Organizational History, 1917-1950" (PDF). The Coast Defense Journal. 23 (2): 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
↑ Rinaldi, Richard (2004). The US Army In World War I: Orders Of Battle. Tiger Lily Publications LLC. p. 164. ISBN 9780972029643 . Retrieved 6 May 2013.
↑ Holmes, James G. (1 December 1946). "Activities of the 71st AAA Brigade" (PDF). Coast Artillery Journal. The Coast Artillery Journal. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 McKenney, Janice E. (1985). Air Defense Artillery. Army Lineage Series. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, U.S. Army. pp. 376–83.
↑ "Newsletter" (PDF). 2nd Missile Battalion, 71st Artillery (Taiwan) Association. 7 (2): 6. 2 July 2003. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
↑ "Force Planning and Budgetary Implications of U.S. Withdrawal from Korea". Congressional Budget Office. May 1978. Retrieved 30 April 2013. Provides information presented to Congress by the CBO on a withdrawal from Korea.
1 2 3 4 5 Stanton, Shelby L. (1 October 2003). Vietnam Order of Battle. Stackpole Books. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-8117-0071-9 . Retrieved 8 May 2013.

External links

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] "History of the 71st Artillery, C.A.C." Liaison. II (3): 146. July 19, 1919.

[CAJ-2] 1 2 3 Gaines, William C. (May 2009). "Coast Artillery Organizational History, 1917-1950" (PDF). The Coast Defense Journal. 23 (2): 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2013.

[3] Rinaldi, Richard (2004). The US Army In World War I: Orders Of Battle. Tiger Lily Publications LLC. p. 164. ISBN 9780972029643 . Retrieved 6 May 2013.

[4] Holmes, James G. (1 December 1946). "Activities of the 71st AAA Brigade" (PDF). Coast Artillery Journal. The Coast Artillery Journal. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

[McKenney1985-5] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 McKenney, Janice E. (1985). Air Defense Artillery. Army Lineage Series. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, U.S. Army. pp. 376–83.

[6] "Newsletter" (PDF). 2nd Missile Battalion, 71st Artillery (Taiwan) Association. 7 (2): 6. 2 July 2003. Retrieved 24 June 2013.

[7] "Force Planning and Budgetary Implications of U.S. Withdrawal from Korea". Congressional Budget Office. May 1978. Retrieved 30 April 2013. Provides information presented to Congress by the CBO on a withdrawal from Korea.

[Stanton2003-8] 1 2 3 4 5 Stanton, Shelby L. (1 October 2003). Vietnam Order of Battle. Stackpole Books. p. 106. ISBN 978-0-8117-0071-9 . Retrieved 8 May 2013.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]