377th Field Artillery Regiment

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377th Field Artillery Regiment
377FARegtCOA.jpg
Active1921-present
Country Flag of the United States.svg United States
BranchFlag of the United States Army.svg  United States Army
Type USA - Army Field Artillery Insignia.svg Field artillery
Role USARS parent regiment
Size regiment
Motto(s)FIRMITER ET FIDELITER (Steadfastly and Faithfully)
Insignia
Distinctive unit insignia
377 FA Rgt DUI.jpg

The 377th Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment of the United States Army. A parent regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System, the regiment's 2nd Battalion, 377th Field Artillery Regiment is assigned to the 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Airborne), 11th Airborne Division. Elements of the regiment have also served with the 101st Airborne Division and 82nd Airborne Division, and have seen service in World War II, Vietnam, and in both Iraq and Afghanistan during the Global War on Terror. The 1st and 3rd Battalions as well as Batteries D and E are Inactive.

Contents

History

The 377th Field Artillery Regiment was constituted in the Organized Reserves as a 75mm gun regiment in the 101st Division on 24 June 1921. Allotted to the Sixth Corps Area, the regiment was initiated on 27 October 1921. The regimental headquarters was at Green Bay, Wisconsin; 1st Battalion at Oshkosh, Wisconsin; and the 2nd Battalion at Hudson, Wisconsin, but relocated to Waupaca, Wisconsin. The regiment conducted summer training at Camp Sparta/McCoy, Wisconsin, and at Camp Knox, Kentucky. [1]

World War II

First activated on 16 August 1942 at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, as the 377th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion (377th PFAB). The 377th PFAB, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin Weisberg, participated in the development of doctrine for the employment of Parachute Artillery. After training in the United States, the battalion sailed to England, arriving in Liverpool on 18 October 1943.

Based at Benham Valence, Berkshire, England, the battalion conducted additional training in preparation for Operation Overlord. [2] [3]

Normandy

On 6 June 1944, the 377th PFAB participated in Operation Overlord, the Normandy Invasion, parachuting onto Drop Zone A east of St. Mere Eglise in support of the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment. [4] The drop went poorly, and the battalion lost 11 of its 12 75mm pack howitzers. The Paratroopers of the battalion fought as infantrymen until replacement howitzers arrived on 14 June 1944. [2] [5] On 7 June 1944, 33 artillerymen from the battery, under the command of Lt Thomas Swirczynski captured 130 Germans near Hau-des-dunes. Other artillerymen from the battery served with other artillery units, manning salvaged US pieces and even two captured German howitzers. By 14 June 1944, the battery was consolidated and re-armed with new howitzers landed over the Normandy beaches. [2] The battalion executive officer, Major Louis H. Cotton, was wounded during the drop and had to be evacuated. [6]

Operation Market-Garden

During Operation Market, the 377th PFAB landed on 19 September 1944 (D+2), occupied firing positions at the landing zone, and supported 1/506th PIR's defense against a German counterattack near Zon, as well as the 502nd PIR's attack from Best toward St. Oedenrode. The battalion remained near St. Oedenrode until it was withdrawn with the division to Camp Mourmelon in France. [2]

Battle of the Bulge

Post-World War II and Cold War — Present

Members of the 377th perform a static line jump in the 2019 Red Flag - Alaska exercises Red Flag Jump (48088155741).jpg
Members of the 377th perform a static line jump in the 2019 Red Flag – Alaska exercises

Inactivated on 30 November 1945 after the war's end, the 377th was redesignated on 18 June 1948 as the 515th Airborne Field Artillery Battalion, allotted to the Regular Army on 25 June 1948, and activated at Camp Breckinridge, Kentucky, as part of the 101st, then serving as a training division that was Airborne in name only. The battalion was inactivated on 15 April 1949 at Camp Breckinridge then reactivated on site on 25 August 1950, two months after the beginning of the Korean War. It was inactivated again on 1 December 1953 at Camp Breckinridge.

The unit was reactivated again in a training role in the 101st on 15 May 1954 at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, and redesignated on 1 July 1956 the 377th Airborne Field Artillery Battalion. It was reorganized and redesignated on 25 April 1957 as the 377th Artillery, a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System.

Under the Pentomic organization and the early Reorganization Objective Army Division, batteries of the regiment served as Honest John and Little John rocket batteries in the 101st (Battery A) and 82nd (Battery B) Airborne Divisions, while Battery C served with the 11th Airborne Division in Germany from 1957 to 1958. [7] The rocket batteries were removed from the divisions and the batteries inactivated in the mid-1960s.

Battery C was redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 3d Battalion, 377th Artillery, and activated at Fort Benning, Georgia in 1963, but inactivated in 1965 when the 11th Air Assault Division (Test) (formed with the lineage of the 11th Airborne Division) was reflagged as the 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile). [7]

Battery A was reactivated as an aviation battery (and later, as a Target Acquisition and Aviation Battery) in the 101st Airborne Division, and served with the division from 1968 to 1986, when the division was reorganized under the Army of Excellence organization and the battery inactivated.

Battery B was reorganized and redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Battalion, 377th Artillery in 1974, and served as a Lance missile battalion in the 210th Field Artillery Group (later Brigade) at Herzo Base in Herzogenaurach, Germany, until 1987. [8]

Battery A was reorganized and redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 1st Battalion, 377th Field Artillery, and activated at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. It was equipped with the 155mm M198 Howitzer and M777 Howitzer. It served as a 155mm air assault unit with the 18th Field Artillery Brigade at Fort Bragg, and with the 17th Fires Brigade at Fort Lewis, Washington, before inactivating in 2013.

Battery B was again activated in 2003, and reorganized and redesignated in 2005 as 2nd Battalion, 377th Field Artillery Regiment, informally known as 2nd Battalion, 377th Parachute Field Artillery Regiment, or 2-377 PFAR. (The Army dropped the use of "Parachute" as part of unit designations in the late 1940s.) 2-377 FAR is the field artillery battalion currently assigned to the 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 11th Airborne Division.

Further Operational Service by Regimental Elements

Vietnam

In 1968, Battery A was activated in Vietnam, and served as an artillery aviation battery employing observation helicopters. A-377 FA redeployed with the 101st Airborne Division in 1971, after earning campaign participation credit for eight campaigns and three Republic of Vietnam unit awards.

Operation Iraqi Freedom

1st Battalion, 377th Field Artillery Regiment deployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003–2004. As a general support in the 101st Airborne Division Artillery. Battery C, 1-377th FA is credited in firing the first artillery rounds for the 101st Airborne, as they were at that moment attached to assist 3rd ID in the spear point of the invasion. The rest of the brigade followed after the asymmetric warfare was finished and met up with the battery in Mosul. The battalion participated in combat operations from Kuwait into northern Iraq. The battalion returned to Iraq for a second time in 2005–2006, and again in 2009–2010. On the third trip, they operated in the Basra area, providing security force assistance under the 17th Fires Brigade. [9] [10] [11]

The 2-377 FAR deployed to Iraq with the 4th BCT, 25th ID from 2006 to 2007, earning campaign participation credit for two campaigns.

Operation Enduring Freedom

Battery B, 377th Field Artillery was activated in Afghanistan in December 2003, by reflagging a separate airborne battery, deployed from its home station in Alaska. The battery continued its missions in support of Task for Geronimo (1st Battalion, 501st Infantry Regiment), and earned campaign participation credit for a GWOT campaign before redeploying to Alaska.

The 2-377 FAR deployed to Afghanistan with the 4th BCT, 25th ID from 2009 - 2010, and from 2011 to 2012, earning participation credit for three campaigns.

Battery B and C of 1-377 FAR deployed out of Joint Base Lewis-McChord to Afghanistan from November 2011 to September 2012.

Current Status of Regimental Elements

Soldiers from the 2-377TH FAR conduct expeditionary deployment operations during Arctic Aloha 24 Airmen and Soldiers conduct expeditionary deployment operations during Arctic Aloha 24 at Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson (JBER), Alaska on October 28, 2023 - 24.jpg
Soldiers from the 2-377TH FAR conduct expeditionary deployment operations during Arctic Aloha 24

Lineage and honors

Lineage

Campaign participation credit

Decorations

Cited in the Order of the Day of the Belgian Army for action in France and Belgium

Heraldry

Distinctive unit insignia

377 FA Rgt DUI.jpg

Coat of arms

377FARegtCOA.jpg

See also

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References

  1. Clay, Steven E. The Arms: Cavalry, Field Artillery and Coast Artillery, 1919-41, vol. 2 of U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941 (Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute Press), 877.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "The 101st Airborne: The 377th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion". ww2-airborne.us. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
  3. Bando, M. (2011). 101st Airborne: The Screaming Eagles at Normandy. Zenith Press. p. 94. ISBN   9780760339800 . Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  4. "dday/utah/plan". warchronicle.com. Archived from the original on 29 November 2011. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  5. Roland G. Ruppenthal. "82nd and 101st Divisions on D-Day". warchronicle.com. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  6. "LTC Louis H. Cotton - Purple Hearts Reunited". purpleheartsreunited.org. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  7. 1 2 McKenney, Janice E. "3d Battalion, 377th Field Artillery." Field Artillery, Part 2. (CMH Pub 60-11-1(Part 2)). Army Lineage Series. Washington: Center of Military History. 2010: 1371. Web. Accessed 18 October 2015. <http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/060/60-11_pt2/index.html>.
  8. "210th Field Artillery Group, VII Corps Artillery." USARMYGERMANY.COM. Web. Accessed 18 October 2015.<http://www.usarmygermany.com/Sont.htm?http&&&www.usarmygermany.com/Units/FieldArtillery/USAREUR_210th%20FA%20Bde.htm>.
  9. Galloway, Spc. Maurice. "Relations building part of joint patrols." Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System. 16 April 2010. Web. Accessed 18 October 2015. <https://www.dvidshub.net/news/48701/relations-building-part-joint-patrols#.ViQ1fbtdE5o>.
  10. Galloway, Spc. Maurice. "Bravo Battery Bulldogs sniff out indirect fire hotspots." Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System. 11 September 2009. Web. Accessed 18 October 2015. <https://www.dvidshub.net/news/38578/bravo-battery-bulldogs-sniff-out-indirect-fire-hotspots#.ViRBLbtdHhG>.
  11. Galloway, Spc. Maurice. "1-377th Air Reactionary Force bulldogs teach Iraqi Army commandos new tricks." Defense Video & Imagery Distribution System. 7 December 2009. Web. Accessed 18 October 2015. <https://www.dvidshub.net/news/42391/1-377th-air-reactionary-force-bulldogs-teach-iraqi-army-commandos-new-tricks#.ViQ2OrtdE5o>.
  12. 1 2 3 "Lineage and Honors Information: 377th Field Artillery Regiment." United States Army Center for Military History. 2 October 2012. Web. Accessed 18 October 2015. <http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/fa/0377fa.htm>. PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .