79th (Lowland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

Last updated

79th (Lowland) Field Regiment, RA
279 (Ayrshire) Field Regiment, RA
Koning Soldaat., item 60.jpg
Royal Artillery cap badge
Active1921–1 April 1967
CountryFlag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Branch Flag of the British Army.svg Territorial Army
Role Field artillery
Size2–4 Batteries
Part of 52nd (Lowland) Division
Garrison/HQ111 South Harbour Street, Ayr
Engagements Battle of the Scheldt
Operation Blackcock
Operation Veritable

79th (Lowland) Field Regiment was a Royal Artillery (RA) unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) during World War II. It was descended from the 1st Ayrshire and Galloway Artillery Volunteers, first raised in Scotland in 1859. It served in Home Forces for most of the war, undergoing training in mountain warfare and air-portable operations before eventually going into action at sea level in the Battle of the Scheldt. It then took part in the fighting in the Rhineland (Operations Blackcock and Veritable), and then the drive to Bremen. It was reformed in the postwar TA, and continued until 1967.

Contents

Origin

The 1st Ayrshire and Galloway Artillery Volunteers were formed as part of the Volunteer Force in 1859. By the outbreak of World War I it had become 2nd Lowland Brigade [lower-alpha 1] of the Royal Field Artillery (RFA) in the Lowland Division of the Territorial Force. During World War I it served with the division (later the 52nd (Lowland) Division) in Egypt and Palestine. [1] [2] [3] [4]

The 2nd Lowland Brigade reformed in 1920, and was redesignated as the 79th (Lowland) Brigade, RFA, the following year when the TF was reconstituted as the Territorial Army (TA). It continued to be part of 52nd (Lowland) Division and had the following organisation: [2] [3] [5] [6]

In 1924 the RFA was subsumed into the Royal Artillery (RA), and the word 'Field' was inserted into the titles of its brigades and batteries. [3] [5] [6] The establishment of a TA divisional artillery brigade was four 6-gun batteries, three equipped with 18-pounders and one with 4.5-inch howitzers, all of World War I patterns. However, the batteries only held four guns in peacetime. The guns and their first-line ammunition wagons were still horsedrawn and the battery staffs were mounted. Partial mechanisation was carried out from 1927, but the guns retained iron-tyred wheels until pneumatic tyres began to be introduced just before World War II. [7]

In 1938 the RA modernised its nomenclature and a lieutenant-colonel's command was designated a 'regiment' rather than a 'brigade'; this applied to TA field brigades from 1 November 1938. [2] [3] [5]

Mobilisation

The TA was doubled in size after the Munich Crisis of 1938, and most regiments split to form duplicates. Part of the reorganisation was that field artillery regiments changed from four six-gun batteries to an establishment of two batteries, each of three four-gun troops. For the 79th (Lowland) Fd Rgt this resulted in the following organisation from 12 June 1939: [3] [5] [8] [9] [10]

Emplacing an 18-pounder with wooden wheels at the start of World War II. 18pdrMkIVOnCarriageMkVWoodenWheels1940.jpg
Emplacing an 18-pounder with wooden wheels at the start of World War II.

79th (Lowland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

130th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery [lower-alpha 2]

World War II

Training

On the outbreak of war 79th (Lowland) Field Regiment mobilised in 52nd (Lowland) Division. Apart from a period in June 1940 when the rest of the division was briefly deployed to France (and the regiment was attached to 49th (West Riding) Division from 8 to 23 June [11] ), the regiment served with it throughout the war. [9] [12] [13] The division mobilised in Scottish Command but moved south to Southern Command in April 1940, then to Aldershot Command at the beginning of June until it went to France. When the bulk of the division returned from the abortive attempt to form a Second British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in France, it was assigned to II Corps in the mobile reserve around London, where 79th (L) Fd Rgt rejoined it on 1 July. After the Battle of France the original BEF had been evacuated from Dunkirk without any of its heavy equipment. With 70 of its establishment of 72 modern Mk II 25-pounder guns, 52nd (L) Division was one of the best-equipped forces left in Home Forces. On 3 November, after the immediate risk of invasion had receded, 52nd (L) Division returned to Scottish Command where it constituted the army reserve while undergoing training. [13] [14] [15]

25-pounder gun and Quad gun tractor on exercise in Scotland, 1941. IWM-H-8241-Morris-C8-19410320.jpg
25-pounder gun and Quad gun tractor on exercise in Scotland, 1941.

One of the lessons learned from the Battle of France was that the two-battery organisation did not work: field regiments were intended to support an infantry brigade of three battalions. As a result, they were reorganised into three 8-gun batteries. On 6 July, when it was stationed at Chippenham in Wiltshire, 79th (L) Fd Rgt reorganised as A, B and C Btys, but by March 1941 these had been numbered as 313, 314 and 457 Fd Btys. [1] [10] [16]

52nd (Lowland) Division's insignia. 52 inf div -vector.svg
52nd (Lowland) Division's insignia.

In May 1942 52nd (L) Division began training in mountain warfare in the Grampian Mountains. [13] [17] This training reached high intensity after Major-General Neil Ritchie took command of the division in September, following his return from Eighth Army in the Western Desert. The training culminated in Exercise Goliath II, which lasted for three weeks in October 1943 under harsh conditions. After this the division was considered by some to be the 'toughest, fittest and hardest in the British Army'. [18] [19] Although the training was genuine, the division also played a significant role in Allied deception plans, such as Operation Tindall, designed to convince the German high command that a mythical 'Fourth Army' under General Sir Andrew Thorne was gathering in Scotland to invade Occupied Norway. This was developed into Operation Fortitude North to divert German attention away from the genuine Allied plans to invade Normandy (Operation Overlord). [20] [21]

This pretence was kept up for some time after the Normandy invasion began on D Day (6 June 1944). In August 1944 the division was transferred to First Allied Airborne Army and began training in airlanding operations. [13] [22] 79th (Lowland) Fd Rgt was attached to 157th Brigade, which was designated as the 'sea echelon' for such an operation and landed on the Continent on 1 September. A number of such operations were planned and cancelled before Operation Market Garden was given the go-ahead. This was to use three parachute divisions to seize an 'airborne carpet' of bridges ahead of 21st Army Group as far as Arnhem across the Nederrijn. When Market Garden was launched on 17 September 1944, 52nd (L) Division was scheduled to be airlifted to Arnhem as soon as 1st Airborne Division had secured landing strips north of the town. The sea echelon would then have joined XXX Corps' land advance up the 'carpet'. However, the failure of Market Garden meant that 52nd (L) Division was never used in this role. [23] Instead, it was sent by sea to reinforce 21st Army Group fighting its way through the Netherlands. [13] [24]

Scheldt

The rest of the division landed at Ostend on 15 October and joined up with 157th Bde. Under a directive issued next day by Field Marshal Montgomery, it was assigned to First Canadian Army for the operations to clear the Scheldt Estuary and bring the vital Port of Antwerp into use for the Allies. [13] [25] [26] The leading elements of the division relieved the Canadians in their bridgehead over the Leopold Canal, and then went forward to occupy Aardenburg without opposition on 19 October. Early on 26 October the division carried out an amphibious assault across the western Scheldt to outflank the German defence line on the Beveland Canal (Operation Vitality II). Allied artillery accurately bombarded the landing beaches at Hoedekenskerke from 04.30, the infantry brought by landing craft from Terneuzen landed 20 minutes later, and by the end of the day had captured Oudelande. Over the following days the Germans evacuated South Beveland. [27] [28]

The next objective was the island of Walcheren. Troops of 157th Bde and 5th Canadian Infantry Brigade fought their way over a narrow causeway with massive artillery support and secured a precarious bridgehead. When the exhausted Canadians were withdrawn the Commander, Royal Artillery (CRA), of 52nd (L) Division, Brigadier L.B.D. Burns, took command of the operation with an improvised HQ known as 'Burnfor'. A second lodgement on Walcheren was achieved by infantry of 157th Bde using stormboats and then wading across soft mud. Meanwhile on 1 November a seaborne assault had been carried out on the west end of Walcheren Island, and 52nd (L) Division's 155th Bde had landed at Flushing on the south shore (Operation Infatuate I) behind artillery support 'on a vast scale' from across the Scheldt. Thereafter 52nd (L) Division's brigades fanned out across the island and mopped up the remaining defenders by 8 November. [29] [30]

Operation Blackcock

25-pounders in action in North West Europe, 1944. The British Army in North-west Europe 1944-45 B11197.jpg
25-pounders in action in North West Europe, 1944.

52nd (L) Division remained under Canadian command, holding the line south of the River Waal, until 4 December, when it moved east to join British Second Army. [13] [31] In January 1945 Second Army launched Operation Blackcock to eliminate a German salient south west of the River Roer. The Germans were well dug-in and supported by artillery. 52nd (L) Division joined in on 18 January, advancing on two axes: 155th Bde with 8th Armoured Bde through Susteren to clear the Echterbosch woods, while 156th Bde supported by specialist armour from 79th Armoured Division and most of the available artillery attacked the Sittard–Heinsberg axis. Every village was defended, and the thawing ground turned to mud. Next day 157th Bde reinforced the attack. Snow showers grounded most aircraft, but the Air Observation Post (AOP) spotter aircraft were able to fly and supplemented the artillery's forward observation officers (FOOs) in bringing down effective fire throughout the operations. When the fighter-bombers were able to fly, the artillery also carried out 'Applepie' Flak suppression fireplans to protect them. The Roer bridgehead was cleared by 26 January, and 52nd (L) Division was the first to base itself in a German town. [32] [33]

Operation Veritable

First Canadian Army next launched Operation Veritable to clear the Reichswald between the Rivers Maas and Rhine. This began on 8 February, and 52nd (L) Division was sent to reinforce it on 12 February. Moving down the bank of the Maas the division captured Afferden, but found itself held up by the old shell-proof Bleijenbeek Castle. However, by 3 March the division was making good progress through the wooded country south west of Weeze. On 9 March after a stiff fight it cleared the Haus Loo fort at Alpen, one of the last German outposts west of the Rhine. [13] [34] [35]

Germany

Although 52nd (L) Division was holding the Rhine bank, it was designated as a follow-up formation for the crossing (Operation Plunder) and was not involved in the initial assault. However, its guns took part in the initial 'Pepperpot' bombardment before 15th (Scottish) Infantry Division passed through 52nd (L) Division to lead the assault for XII Corps. 15th (S) Division had over 700 guns of all types on call when the bombardment began at 23.30 on 23 March. The infantry set off across the river in amphibious vehicles at 02.00 on 24 March, and made rapid progress inland to link up with the airborne troops who landed during the morning (Operation Varsity). [36] [37] 52nd (L) Division began crossing on 25 March, its leading units coming under the command of 15th (S) Division as they mopped up the bridgehead and linked up with 6th Airborne Division. [38] [39] Second Army then began a rapid advance across Germany. Part of 52nd (L) Division cleaned up pockets of Germans round Ibbenbüren while the rest of the division crossed the Dortmund–Ems Canal. [40]

25-pounders moving up to cross the Rhine, March 1945. The British Army in North-west Europe 1944-45 BU2716.jpg
25-pounders moving up to cross the Rhine, March 1945.

As Second Army raced forwards, 52nd (L) Division was switched to XXX Corps for the attack on Bremen. [41] Lt-Gen Brian Horrocks, commanding XXX Corps, considered that at this stage of the war, 52nd (L) Division was one of the best in Second Army because it still retained a number of the original personnel (which was a consequence of its late arrival in the theatre). [19] From 20 to 26 April XXX Corps closed in on Bremen against stubborn resistance. The division then had to control rioting and looting in the chaotic city. [42] [43] [44]

After VE Day the units of 21st Army Group were engaged in occupation duties, disarming German troops and administering the British Zone of Allied-occupied Germany. 52nd (L) Division continued doing duty in British Army of the Rhine for some months while demobilisation got under way. 79th (Lowland) Field Regiment was placed in suspended animation on 10 May 1946. [5] [45]

Postwar

When the TA was reconstituted on 1 January 1947, the 79th reformed at Ayr as 279 (Lowland) Field Rgt, in 85 (Field) Army Group Royal Artillery. [3] [5] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50]

The Lowland regiments were reorganised on 1 July 1950 when 85 (Fd) AGRA became HQ 52nd (Lowland) Divisional Artillery once more and 279 (Lowland) Fd Rgt absorbed the Greenock-based 328 (Lowland) Medium Rgt (except one battery). When Anti-Aircraft Command was abolished on 10 March 1955, 279 Fd Rgt amalgamated with 330 Light Anti-Aircraft Rgt (descended from its duplicate 130th (Lowland) Field Rgt) as 279 (Ayrshire) Fd Rgt. [3] [47] [50] [51]

With the ending of National Service there was a reduction of the TA in 1961, and most of 279 (Ayrshire) Fd Rgt amalgamated with 280 (City of Glasgow) Fd Rgt to form 279th (City of Glasgow & Ayrshire) Fd Rgt with the following organisation: [3] [47] [50] [51] [52]

When the TA was reduced into the Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve in 1967, the regiment merged with 277 (Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders) Fd Rgt and 278 (Lowland) Fd Rgt to form 'S (Ayrshire)' and 'T (Glasgow)' Btys in the Glasgow-based Lowland Regiment, RA. The Lowland Regiment was reduced to a cadre in 1969 and disbanded in 1975, but in 1986 105 (Scottish) Air Defence Regiment was designated as its successor unit. [3] [47] [50] [51] [53] [54]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ In contemporary RA usage a brigade was a lieutenant-colonel's command consisting of independent batteries 'brigaded' together; it was not comparable with an infantry or cavalry brigade commanded by a brigadier-general.
  2. ↑ The regiment was authorised to use its parent's 'Lowland' subtitle on 17 February 1942. [3] [5]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Frederick, pp. 649, 678, 691.
  2. 1 2 3 Army List, various dates.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Litchfield, pp. 278–9.
  4. ↑ Becke, Pt 2a, pp. 109–51.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Frederick, pp. 490–3, 521, 531.
  6. 1 2 Titles and Designations, 1927.
  7. ↑ Sainsbury, pp. 15–7.
  8. ↑ Farndale, Years of Defeat, p. 9.
  9. 1 2 Scottish Command 3 September 1939 at Patriot Files.
  10. 1 2 Sainsbury, pp. 17–20; Appendix 2.
  11. ↑ Joslen, p. 79.
  12. ↑ Farndale, pp. 92–3.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Joslen, pp. 85–6.
  14. ↑ Collier, pp. 107, 125, Maps 5, 6, 17, 20.
  15. ↑ Farndale, pp. 95–6, 103, Annex D.
  16. ↑ Farndale, pp. 99–100.
  17. ↑ Collier, Map 25.
  18. ↑ Buckley, pp. 247–9.
  19. 1 2 Horrocks, p. 264.
  20. ↑ Levine, pp. 191–3, 211–2, 216–7, 222–3.
  21. ↑ Hart.
  22. ↑ Buckley, pp. 247–8.
  23. ↑ Ellis, p. 30
  24. ↑ Joslen, pp. 344–5.
  25. ↑ Ellis, p. 84.
  26. ↑ Stacey, p. 388, Appendix E.
  27. ↑ Ellis, pp. 106–7, 111–3.
  28. ↑ Stacey, pp. 397–8, 401–2.
  29. ↑ Ellis, pp. 113–9, 123.
  30. ↑ Stacey, pp. 403–8, 412, 414–6, 421–2.
  31. ↑ Stacey, pp. 435–6.
  32. ↑ Buckley, pp. 265–8.
  33. ↑ Ellis, pp. 241–7.
  34. ↑ Ellis, pp. 264–7, 271, 274, 276.
  35. ↑ Stacey, pp. 482, 490, 494, 508, 514–5, 521.
  36. ↑ Ellis, p. 285.
  37. ↑ Martin, pp. 274–85.
  38. ↑ Ellis, p. 293.
  39. ↑ Martin, p. 294.
  40. ↑ Ellis, pp. 305–6.
  41. ↑ Ellis, pp. 309–11.
  42. ↑ Buckley, pp. 292–3.
  43. ↑ Ellis, p. 316.
  44. ↑ Horrocks, pp. 262–5.
  45. ↑ Stacey, p. 622.
  46. ↑ Farndale, Years of Defeat, Annex M.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 Frederick, pp. 1000–1, 1005.
  48. ↑ Litchfield, Appendix 5.
  49. ↑ Watson, TA 1947.
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 266–288 Rgts RA at British Army 1945 on.
  51. 1 2 3 Litchfield, pp. 304–5.
  52. ↑ Litchfield, p. 287.
  53. ↑ Frederick, p. 1043.
  54. ↑ Litchfield, pp. 294–5.

Related Research Articles

1st Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an Air Defence formation of the British Army, during the Second World War, and served in the Battle of France and during The Blitz. It then transferred to the Middle East, where it defended the Eighth Army's lines of communication during the final phases of the North African Campaign.

27th Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an Air Defence formation of the British Army in the Second World War that served in The Blitz and later converted to infantry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">86th (East Anglian) (Hertfordshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

The 86th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, was a unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) formed after World War I from existing artillery and Yeomanry Cavalry units recruited in Hertfordshire. Its self-propelled guns were among the first artillery to land in Normandy on D Day and served throughout the North West Europe campaign in World War II, seeing action in Normandy, at the liberation of Antwerp, in Operations Market Garden, Clipper and Veritable, the Rhine crossing and the advance across Germany. The regiment continued in the postwar TA until 1967, and its successor battery continued to 2014.

36th (Scottish) Anti-Aircraft Brigade was an air defence formation of Britain's Territorial Army, created in the period of tension before the outbreak of the Second World War. It was responsible for defending eastern Scotland.

The 1st Lanarkshire Artillery Volunteers were formed in 1859 as a response to a French invasion threat. Its units fought at Gallipoli and in Palestine during World War I, and in Normandy and North West Europe during World War II. It continued in the postwar Territorial Army until 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">73rd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

73rd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery was a West Midlands-based volunteer air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) raised in 1937. During World War II, it served in the Battle of France, The Blitz, Egypt, Sicily and Italy. Postwar, its successor regiments continued to serve until 1967, and a battery descended from the regiment forms part of today's Army Reserve

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Midlothian Artillery Volunteers</span> Military unit

The 1st Midlothian Artillery Volunteer Corps was formed in 1859 as a response to a French invasion threat. Originally it served as garrison and heavy artillery but transferred to the Territorial Force (TF) in 1908 as field artillery, in which role it served through both World Wars. In the First World War, it fought on the Western Front with 51st (Highland) Division. In the Second World War, it briefly saw service in France after the Dunkirk evacuation and later served with the Eighth Army in North Africa and Italy. Its wartime duplicate regiment served with distinction in the Burma campaign. Postwar, the regiment continued in existence until amalgamation in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2nd Cinque Ports Artillery Volunteers</span> Military unit

The 2nd Cinque Ports Artillery Volunteers was a part-time unit of the British Army's Royal Artillery from 1890 to 1955. Raised as coastal defence artillery, it later served as field artillery in Mesopotamia during the First World War and in the Battle of France and Second Battle of El Alamein during the Second World War. Its successor units later operated as medium artillery in North West Europe, and as jungle artillery in Burma. Postwar, it became an anti-aircraft unit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">191st (Hertfordshire and Essex Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

The 191st Field Regiment was a unit of Britain's Royal Artillery (RA) formed during World War II. Created around experienced drafts from existing Territorial Army units, it trained as mobile artillery with an armoured division. Later it served through the campaign in North West Europe, supporting varied formations such as the Royal Marine Commandos, Royal Armoured Corps and Polish troops operating under First Canadian Army.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">85th (Tees) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

85th (Tees) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery was a part-time unit of Britain's Territorial Army (TA) formed from forces around the river Tees just before the outbreak of World War II. Its service during the war included the Battle of France and Dunkirk evacuation, the Battle of Britain and Blitz, and the North African and Italian campaigns. It continued to serve in the air defence role until 1961.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Ayrshire and Galloway Artillery Volunteers</span> Military unit

The 1st Ayrshire and Galloway Artillery Volunteer Corps was formed in 1859 as a response to a French invasion threat. It transferred to the Territorial Force (TF) in 1908 and its successor units fought with the 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division in Palestine during World War I, and in North West Europe and Burma during World War II. It continued in the Territorial Army (TA) until amalgamation in 1967.

3rd Anti-Aircraft Brigade was a Supplementary Reserve air defence formation of the British Army formed in Northern Ireland in 1938. On the outbreak of the Second World War it saw active service with the British Expeditionary Force during the Battle of France and Operation Aerial. It then returned to Northern Ireland and defended the Province for the next two years. Postwar, it was reformed in the Territorial Army and served until the disbandment of Anti-Aircraft Command in 1955.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1st Glamorganshire Artillery Volunteers</span> Military unit

The 1st Glamorganshire Artillery Volunteers was formed in 1859 in response to a French invasion threat. Raised as a coast artillery unit, it later became part of the Royal Field Artillery in the Territorial Force and served during both World Wars until amalgamated in 1961.

The 1st Forfarshire Artillery Volunteers was a part-time unit of the British Army's Royal Artillery founded in Forfarshire in Scotland in 1859. It served with 51st (Highland) Division through many of the major battles on the Western Front during the First World War. In the Second World War, its regiments saw action in the Battle of France, in the campaigns in North Africa and Sicily, and in North West Europe from D-Day to VE Day. It continued in the postwar Territorial Army until 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">131st (Lowland – City of Glasgow) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

131st Field Regiment was a Royal Artillery (RA) unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) created just before World War II. It was formed from part of 80th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, itself descended from the 1st Lanarkshire Artillery Volunteers, first raised in Glasgow, Scotland in 1859. After serving in home defence the regiment fought in Normandy and through the campaign in North West Europe, distinguishing itself in the action at Asten. It was disbanded after the end of the war.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">130th (Lowland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

130th (Lowland) Field Regiment was a Royal Artillery (RA) unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) created just before World War II. It was formed from part of 79th (Lowland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, itself descended from the 1st Ayrshire and Galloway Artillery Volunteers, first raised in Scotland in 1859. After serving in home defence the new regiment was sent to India where it participated in the First and Second Arakan Offensives, and then in the Burma campaign (1944–1945). It was reformed in the postwar TA and continued in various roles until 1955.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manchester Artillery</span> Military unit

The Manchester Artillery is a Volunteer unit of the British Army first raised in the City of Manchester in 1860, whose successors continue to serve in the Army Reserve today. It became a brigade of the Royal Field Artillery in the Territorial Force in 1908, and in World War I it served in Egypt in 1915–17 before being broken up. Its second line unit went to the Western Front in 1917, seeing action at Ypres, against the German Spring Offensive, and leading the pursuit in the Allies' victorious Hundred Days Offensive. Just before World War II the Manchester Artillery again formed a duplicate. While the parent regiment served in the Battle of France including the Dunkirk evacuation, and later in the Middle East and the Italian campaign, its duplicate fought in Normandy and North West Europe. Both regiments were reformed postwar, but after a number of amalgamations they and several other Manchester-based units were reduced into 209 Battery in the present-day Army Reserve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">52nd (Manchester) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

52nd (Manchester) Field Regiment was a Royal Artillery (RA) unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) during World War II. It was descended from the Manchester Artillery, first formed in the City of Manchester in 1860. It served in the Battle of France, at the end of which its personnel were evacuated from Dunkirk. It was then sent to the Middle East where it joined 8th Indian Division and fought with this division in the Italian Campaign. It was reformed in the postwar TA, and its successor unit continues as a battery in the present day Army Reserve

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bolton Artillery</span> Military unit

The Bolton Artillery, under various titles, has been a Volunteer unit of the British Army based in Bolton, Lancashire, since 1889. In the First World War it served in Egypt and Gallipoli in 1915–17, and then on the Western Front for the rest of the war, including Passchendaele, the German Spring Offensive and the Allied Hundred Days Offensive. Just before the outbreak of the Second World War the regiment formed a duplicate unit. The parent regiment served in the Battle of France and was evacuated from Dunkirk. Both regiments served at the Battle of Alamein and in the Italian campaign, while one of the regiments was involved in the intervention in Yugoslavia. The regiment was reformed postwar, and after a number of mergers its successors continue to serve in today's Army Reserve.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">80th (Lowland – City of Glasgow) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery</span> Military unit

80th Field Regiment was a Royal Artillery (RA) unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) during World War II. It was descended from the 1st Lanarkshire Artillery Volunteers, first raised in Scotland in 1859. It served in Home Forces for most of the war, undergoing training in mountain warfare and air-portable operations before eventually going into action at sea level in the Battle of the Scheldt. It then took part in the fighting in the Rhineland, and then the drive to Bremen. It was reformed in the postwar TA, and continued until 1961.

References

External sources

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.