Abderrahmane Kaidi

Last updated
Abderrahmane Kaidi
Alma materUniversity of Bristol
Known forResearch in DNA damage and their relevance to cancer
Scientific misconduct
Scientific career
Fields Cell biology
Molecular biology
Institutions University of Bristol
Thesis The role of hypoxia in colorectal tumorigenesis  (2007)
Doctoral advisor Christos Paraskeva

Abderrahmane Kaidi is a biologist whose research focussed on cancer and DNA damage. [1] He is best known for committing research fraud that led to his resignation as a lecturer at the University of Bristol. [2] In 2018, he was investigated by the university for alleged misconducts in behaviour and research issues. He was found guilty of faking research, which he admitted as a mean to impress other scientists for collaboration and were not for publication. [3]

Contents

The University of Cambridge also investigated Kaidi's research while he worked as a postdoctoral scholar at the Gurdon Institute from where he published several papers on DNA damage. Two articles, published one each in the journal Science (in 2010) and Nature (in 2013), were retracted simultaneously on 11 April 2019 following evidence of data fabrications. [4] [5]

Education and career

Kaidi enrolled for Ph.D. in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Bristol in 2003. [6] Supervised by Christos Paraskeva, he made important contributions to the understanding of how bowel (colorectal) cancer cells grow and die. [7] [8] [9] He received his doctorate in 2007 on the thesis The role of hypoxia in colorectal tumorigenesis. [10] Under postdoctoral programme, he moved to Stephen Jackson's laboratory at the Gurdon Institute of the University of Cambridge, where he focussed his research on DNA damage and remained there for five years. [11] In 2010, he was elected to research fellowship at the Wolfson College of Cambridge. [12] He was also appointed Hershel Smith Research Fellow between 2009 and 2012. [6]

In 2013, Kaidi was appointed Senior Lecturer in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at the University of Bristol. [6] He was awarded the Seed Awards in Science in 2015 by the Wellcome Trust for an investigation on "Molecular mechanisms linking nuclear lamina and chromatin organisation". [13] The same year, he also received the MRC New Investigator Award. [6] In 2016, he was awarded jointly with Robert Grosse of the University of Marburg and Kei Miyamoto of the Kindai University a three-year research grant from the Human Frontier Science Program. [14] In January 2018, he was appointed among "ambassadors of good practice in science" of eLife . [15]

On 13 September 2018, Kaidi resigned from the university after admitting research fraud. [1] [16]

Misconduct

In 2018, the University of Bristol received and investigated allegations against Kaidi on two cases, his research work concerned with data fabrication and "behaviour in the laboratory towards other members of his research group." [17] He had prepared fake experiments with made-up data that he gave to a colleague. The university announced that: "Dr Kaidi admitted to having fabricated research data to convince a research collaborator in another institution that certain experiments had taken place, when this was not the case. Dr Kaidi has taken full responsibility for his actions and no other member of his research group is implicated." [2] Kaidi claimed that the fabricated experiment was not meant for publication. [18] Following admission of guilt, he resigned from the university. [3] [16]

Retraction of research papers

While working as a postdoctoral scholar at the Gurdon Institute during 2007 to 2013, Kaidi and his mentor Jackson published three research papers in high-ranking journals, Nature, Science, and The EMBO Journal. [18] The Science paper written with Brian T. Weinert, Chunaram Choudhary and Jackson that was published in 2010 describes how sirtuin enzyme, SIRT6, mediates DNA repair. [19] The EMBO paper also in 2010 was written with Sophie E. Polo, Linda Baskcomb, Yaron Galanty and Jackson. It reports the first demonstration of the functions of DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4) on DNA damage and cell cycle regulation. [20] The Nature paper in 2013, written with Jackson, is about the protein, lysine acetyltransferase, KAT5 that is involved in DNA damage process. [21]

During the Bristol investigation, Kaidi confessed that he had made false data in two of his research papers published from Cambridge. [3] [4] Bristol conveyed the matter to the University of Cambridge which took up an investigation. [2] On 19 August 2018, Cambridge and Jackson informed Science that the 2010 paper was investigated for research misconduct. The journal issued an expression on concern over the article the next month. [22] Cambridge made its final decision in April 2019 that Kaidi's Science and Nature papers contain falsified data, [18] stating:

The investigation has upheld the allegations against Dr Kaidi, who has admitted misrepresentation and fabrication of data in two papers. Dr Kaidi has taken full and sole responsibility for these actions. The University's investigation did not identify any concerns regarding any of Dr Kaidi's co-authors on these papers. The journals concerned have been informed of the outcome of the University investigation. [5]

On 11 April 2019, the articles in Science and Nature were simultaneously retracted by the journals. [4] [18] Science announced that: "[based on Cambridge investigation] there was falsification of research data... that the first author, Abderrahmane Kaidi, was responsible for the falsification of the data." [23] Nature commented: "The authors cannot confirm the results in the affected figures and thus wish to retract the Article in its entirety. Both authors, Abderrahmane Kaidi and Stephen P. Jackson, agree with the Retraction." [24]

The EMBO Journal also investigated its Kaidi's article, but found no "concrete indication" of data manipulation that the editor-in-chief, Bernd Pulverer, declared that further action was not needed. [18]

Related Research Articles

The Schön scandal concerns German physicist Jan Hendrik Schön who briefly rose to prominence after a series of apparently successful experiments with semiconductors that were discovered later to be fraudulent. Before he was exposed, Schön had received the Otto-Klung-Weberbank Prize for Physics and the Braunschweig Prize in 2001, as well as the Outstanding Young Investigator Award of the Materials Research Society in 2002, all of which were later rescinded.

In academic publishing, a retraction is a mechanism by which a published paper in an academic journal is flagged for being seriously flawed to the extent that their results and conclusions can no longer be relied upon. Retracted articles are not removed from the published literature but marked as retracted. In some cases it may be necessary to remove an article from publication, such as when the article is clearly defamatory, violates personal privacy, is the subject of a court order, or might pose a serious health risk to the general public.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bert Vogelstein</span> American oncologist (born 1949)

Bert Vogelstein is director of the Ludwig Center, Clayton Professor of Oncology and Pathology and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at The Johns Hopkins Medical School and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center. A pioneer in the field of cancer genomics, his studies on colorectal cancers revealed that they result from the sequential accumulation of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. These studies now form the paradigm for modern cancer research and provided the basis for the notion of the somatic evolution of cancer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SMC1A</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1A (SMC1A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMC1A gene. SMC1A is a subunit of the cohesin complex which mediates sister chromatid cohesion, homologous recombination and DNA looping. In somatic cells, cohesin is formed of SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21 and either SA1 or SA2 whereas in meiosis, cohesin is formed of SMC3, SMC1B, REC8 and SA3.

Chromatin remodeling is the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow access of condensed genomic DNA to the regulatory transcription machinery proteins, and thereby control gene expression. Such remodeling is principally carried out by 1) covalent histone modifications by specific enzymes, e.g., histone acetyltransferases (HATs), deacetylases, methyltransferases, and kinases, and 2) ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes which either move, eject or restructure nucleosomes. Besides actively regulating gene expression, dynamic remodeling of chromatin imparts an epigenetic regulatory role in several key biological processes, egg cells DNA replication and repair; apoptosis; chromosome segregation as well as development and pluripotency. Aberrations in chromatin remodeling proteins are found to be associated with human diseases, including cancer. Targeting chromatin remodeling pathways is currently evolving as a major therapeutic strategy in the treatment of several cancers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SUPT16H</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

FACT complex subunit SPT16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT16H gene.

Sir Bruce Anthony John Ponder FMedSci FAACR FRS FRCP is an English geneticist and cancer researcher. He is Emeritus Professor of Oncology at the University of Cambridge and former director of the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and of the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre.

Scientific Reports is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific mega journal published by Nature Portfolio, covering all areas of the natural sciences. The journal was established in 2011. The journal states that their aim is to assess solely the scientific validity of a submitted paper, rather than its perceived importance, significance, or impact.

Anil Potti is a physician and former Duke University associate professor and cancer researcher, focusing on oncogenomics. He, along with Joseph Nevins, are at the center of a research fabrication scandal at Duke University. On 9 November 2015, the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) found that Potti had engaged in research misconduct. According to Potti's voluntary settlement agreement with ORI, Potti can continue to perform research with the requirement of supervision until year 2020, while he "neither admits nor denies ORI's findings of research misconduct." As of 2020 Potti, who is employed at the Cancer Center of North Dakota, has had 11 of his research publications retracted, one publication has received an expression of concern, and two others have been corrected.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stephen Jackson (biologist)</span> British biologist

Sir Stephen Philip Jackson, FRS, FMedSci is the Frederick James Quick Professor of Biology. He is a senior group leader at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and associate group leader at the Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge.

Bharat B. Aggarwal is an Indian-American biochemist. His research has been in the areas of cytokines, the role of inflammation in cancer, and the anti-cancer effects of spices and herbs, particularly curcumin. He was a professor in the Department of Clinical Immunology, Bioimmunotherapy, and Experimental Therapeutics at University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anne Dejean-Assémat</span> French biologist (born 1957)

Anne Dejean-Assémat is a French molecular biologist working on the mechanisms leading to the development of human cancers. Professor at the Pasteur Institute and Research Director at Inserm, she heads the laboratory of Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis at the Pasteur Institute.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gregg L. Semenza</span> American physician (born 1956)

Gregg Leonard Semenza is a pediatrician and Professor of Genetic Medicine at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. He serves as the director of the vascular program at the Institute for Cell Engineering. He is a 2016 recipient of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. He is known for his discovery of HIF-1, which allows cancer cells to adapt to oxygen-poor environments. He shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability" with William Kaelin Jr. and Peter J. Ratcliffe. Semenza has had ten research papers retracted due to falsified data.

Ian Tomlinson is a director of the Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences at the University of Birmingham.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Joachim Lingner</span> Swiss molecular biologist

Joachim Lingner is a Swiss molecular biologist. He holds the professorship for life sciences and leads the Lingner Lab at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alberto Bardelli</span> Italian geneticist

Alberto Bardelli is an Italian geneticist and cancer researcher, expert in the field of precision medicine. He is a full professor of histology at the Department of Oncology, University of Turin and Scientific Director of IFOM, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yardena Samuels</span> Israeli molecular biologist

Yardena Samuels or Samuels-Lev is an Israeli molecular biologist who is the Director of the Ekard Institute for Cancer Diagnosis Research at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Her research considers the genetic mutations of melanoma.

Timothy John Richmond is a Swiss/American molecular biologist, biochemist, and biophysicist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolas H. Thomä</span> German structural and chemical biologist

Nicolas H. Thomä is a German researcher, full professor at the EPFL School of Life Sciences and Director of the Paternot Chair for Cancer Research in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is a biochemist and structural biologist and a leading researcher in the fields of ubiquitin ligase biology and DNA repair.

References

  1. 1 2 "Bristol lecturer resigns over fabricated research". BBC News. 2018-09-13. Retrieved 2023-09-18.
  2. 1 2 3 Yong, Michael (2018-09-14). "Bristol Uni lecturer resigns after faking research". BristolLive. Retrieved 2023-09-18.
  3. 1 2 3 Whipple, Tom (2023-09-18). "Top scientist quits after confessing to research fakery". The Times. ISSN   0140-0460 . Retrieved 2023-09-18.
  4. 1 2 3 Mayo, Nick (2019-04-12). "Articles pulled after data fabrication in Cambridge DNA lab". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 2023-09-18.
  5. 1 2 Hou, Chia-Yi (2019-04-12). "Nature and Science Retractions Connected to Research Misconduct". The Scientist Magazine. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Kaidi, Abderrahmane - University of Bristol - School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine". www.x-mol.com. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  7. ↑ Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Williams, Ann Caroline; Paraskeva, Christos (2007). "Interaction between beta-catenin and HIF-1 promotes cellular adaptation to hypoxia". Nature Cell Biology. 9 (2): 210–217. doi:10.1038/ncb1534. ISSN   1465-7392. PMID   17220880. S2CID   2301813.
  8. ↑ Qualtrough, David; Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Chell, Simon; Jabbour, Henry N.; Williams, Ann C.; Paraskeva, Christos (2007-08-15). "Prostaglandin F(2alpha) stimulates motility and invasion in colorectal tumor cells". International Journal of Cancer. 121 (4): 734–740. doi:10.1002/ijc.22755. ISSN   0020-7136. PMC   2694992 . PMID   17437271.
  9. ↑ Bristol, University of. "2007: Bowel cancer | News and features | University of Bristol". www.bristol.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  10. ↑ Kaidi, Abderrahmane (2007). The role of hypoxia in colorectal tumorigenesis (Ph.D. thesis). University of Bristol.
  11. ↑ Arney, Kat (2013-05-26). "Joining the dots - how lab research can lead to new approaches for treating cancer". Cancer Research UK - Cancer News. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  12. ↑ "College Notices - Cambridge University Reporter 6201". www.admin.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  13. ↑ "Molecular mechanisms linking nuclear lamina and chromatin organisation". Wellcome. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  14. ↑ "Team shares grant for cutting edge biological research". www.myscience.org. 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2023-09-20.
  15. ↑ "Early-Career Advisory Group: eLife welcomes 150 Ambassadors of good practice in science". eLife. 2018-01-22. Retrieved 2023-09-20.
  16. 1 2 "Resignation.info | Notable Resignations Worldwide". www.resignation.info. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  17. ↑ Inge, Sophie (2018-09-28). "Cancer biologist admits inventing data, says university". Research Professional News. Retrieved 2023-09-19.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 Else, Holly (2019-04-15). "Top journals retract DNA-repair studies after misconduct probe". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00406-4. PMID   32284556. S2CID   171504446.
  19. ↑ Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Weinert, Brian T.; Choudhary, Chunaram; Jackson, Stephen P. (2010-09-10). "RETRACTED: Human SIRT6 promotes DNA end resection through CtIP deacetylation". Science. 329 (5997): 1348–1353. Bibcode:2010Sci...329.1348K. doi:10.1126/science.1192049. ISSN   1095-9203. PMC   3276839 . PMID   20829486. (Retracted, see doi:10.1126/science.aax4558, PMID   30975768,  Retraction Watch)
  20. ↑ Polo, Sophie E.; Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Baskcomb, Linda; Galanty, Yaron; Jackson, Stephen P. (2010-09-15). "Regulation of DNA-damage responses and cell-cycle progression by the chromatin remodelling factor CHD4". The EMBO Journal. 29 (18): 3130–3139. doi:10.1038/emboj.2010.188. ISSN   1460-2075. PMC   2944064 . PMID   20693977.
  21. ↑ Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Jackson, Stephen P. (2013-06-06). "KAT5 tyrosine phosphorylation couples chromatin sensing to ATM signalling". Nature. 498 (7452): 70–74. Bibcode:2013Natur.498...70K. doi:10.1038/nature12201. PMC   3859897 . PMID   23708966. (Retracted, see doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1142-2, PMID   30976101,  Retraction Watch)
  22. ↑ Berg, Jeremy (2018-09-28). "Editorial expression of concern". Science. 361 (6409): 1322. Bibcode:2018Sci...361.1322B. doi:10.1126/science.aav4528. ISSN   1095-9203. PMID   30262489. S2CID   52875650.
  23. ↑ Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Weinert, Brian T.; Choudhary, Chunaram; Jackson, Stephen P. (2019-04-19). "Retraction [Human SIRT6 promotes DNA end resection through CtIP deacetylation]". Science. 364 (6437): 247. doi:10.1126/science.aax4558. ISSN   1095-9203. PMC   6558281 . PMID   30975768.
  24. ↑ Kaidi, Abderrahmane; Jackson, Stephen P. (2019-04-11). "Retraction Note: KAT5 tyrosine phosphorylation couples chromatin sensing to ATM signalling". Nature. 568 (7753): 576. Bibcode:2019Natur.568..576K. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1142-2. ISSN   1476-4687. PMC   6554193 . PMID   30976101.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.