Abell 70

Last updated
Abell 70
Emission nebula
Planetary nebula
Abell70.jpg
Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension 20h 31m 33.2s
Declination −07° 05 17
Constellation Aquila
Notable featuresA background galaxy gives it a "diamond ring" effect
DesignationsPK 038-25.1, PN G038.1-25.4
See also: Lists of nebulae

Abell 70 is a slightly elongated planetary nebula located 13,500-17,500 light years away in the constellation of Aquila. It is approaching the earth at 79 kilometers per second and expanding 38 kilometers per second. There is a galaxy named PMN J2033-0656 behind Abell 70, giving it a "diamond ring" effect. [1]

Contents

Composition

The faint OIII ring structure can be seen through a telescope. [2] The central star of Abell 70 is a binary star system consisting of a hot white dwarf and a G-type subgiant star. [3] The subgiant star is a barium star [1] that rotates rapidly (with a period of about 2 days) and is variable due to starspots. [3]

Background galaxy

PMN J2033-0656
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
Right ascension 20h 31m 33.1s [4]
Declination −07° 05 01 [4]
Distance 253  Mly (78  Mpc) [5]
Characteristics
Apparent size  (V)1.1' × 0.3' [4]
Other designations
2MASX J20313312-0705014, 6dFGS gJ203133.1-070502, PGC 187663, LEDA 187663, NVSS J203133-070522 [6]

PMN J2033-0656 is an edge-on radio galaxy. Its position gives Abell 70 a diamond ring effect at its northern edge. [1]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nebula</span> Body of interstellar clouds

A nebula is a distinct luminescent part of interstellar medium, which can consist of ionized, neutral, or molecular hydrogen and also cosmic dust. Nebulae are often star-forming regions, such as in the "Pillars of Creation" in the Eagle Nebula. In these regions, the formations of gas, dust, and other materials "clump" together to form denser regions, which attract further matter and eventually become dense enough to form stars. The remaining material is then thought to form planets and other planetary system objects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Serpens</span> Constellation split into two non-contiguous parts

Serpens is a constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere. One of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, it remains one of the 88 modern constellations designated by the International Astronomical Union. It is unique among the modern constellations in being split into two non-contiguous parts, Serpens Caput to the west and Serpens Cauda to the east. Between these two halves lies the constellation of Ophiuchus, the "Serpent-Bearer". In figurative representations, the body of the serpent is represented as passing behind Ophiuchus between Mu Serpentis in Serpens Caput and Nu Serpentis in Serpens Cauda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Planetary nebula</span> Type of emission nebula created by dying red giants

A planetary nebula is a type of emission nebula consisting of an expanding, glowing shell of ionized gas ejected from red giant stars late in their lives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cat's Eye Nebula</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Draco

The Cat's Eye Nebula is a planetary nebula in the northern constellation of Draco, discovered by William Herschel on February 15, 1786. It was the first planetary nebula whose spectrum was investigated by the English amateur astronomer William Huggins, demonstrating that planetary nebulae were gaseous and not stellar in nature. Structurally, the object has had high-resolution images by the Hubble Space Telescope revealing knots, jets, bubbles and complex arcs, being illuminated by the central hot planetary nebula nucleus (PNN). It is a well-studied object that has been observed from radio to X-ray wavelengths.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 2346</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Monoceros

NGC 2346 is a planetary nebula near the celestial equator in the constellation of Monoceros, less than a degree to the ESE of Delta Monocerotis. It is informally known as the Butterfly Nebula. The nebula is bright and conspicuous with a visual magnitude of 9.6, and has been extensively studied. Among its most remarkable characteristics is its unusually cool central star, which is a spectroscopic binary, and its unusual shape.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Draco (constellation)</span> Constellation in the northern celestial hemisphere

Draco is a constellation in the far northern sky. Its name is Latin for dragon. It was one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century Greek astronomer Ptolemy, and remains one of the 88 modern constellations today. The north pole of the ecliptic is in Draco. Draco is circumpolar from northern latitudes, meaning that it never sets and can be seen at any time of year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Little Dumbbell Nebula</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Perseus

The Little Dumbbell Nebula, also known as Messier 76, NGC 650/651, the Barbell Nebula, or the Cork Nebula, is a planetary nebula in the northern constellation of Perseus. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1780 and included in Charles Messier's catalog of comet-like objects as number 76. It was first classified as a planetary nebula in 1918 by the astronomer Heber Doust Curtis. However, others might have previously recognized it as a planetary nebula; for example, William Huggins found its spectrum indicated it was a nebula ; and Isaac Roberts in 1891 suggested that M76 might be similar to the Ring Nebula (M57), as seen instead from the side view.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outline of astronomy</span>

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to astronomy:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IC 4406</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation of Lupus

IC 4406, sometimes known as the Retina Nebula, is a planetary nebula near the western border of the constellation Lupus, the Wolf. It has dust clouds and has the shape of a torus. Despite this, it looks somewhat rectangular because it is seen from its side as viewed from Earth, almost in the plane of its equator.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NGC 6565</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Sagittarius

NGC 6565 is a planetary nebula in the constellation of Sagittarius. The object formed when a star ejected its outer layers during the late stages of its evolution. The remnant core of the star, a white dwarf, is emitting vast amounts of ultraviolet radiation that ionizes, or excites, the gas surrounding it, making the nebula visible to the human eye through a telescope. Over the course of around 10,000 years the white dwarf will cool down dramatically, diminishing the light of the nebula and making it only visible in a long-exposure photograph.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abell 39</span> Nebula in the constellation Hercules

Abell 39 is a low surface brightness planetary nebula in the constellation of Hercules. It is the 39th entry in George Abell's 1966 Abell Catalog of Planetary Nebulae of 86 old planetary nebulae which either Abell or Albert George Wilson discovered before August 1955 as part of the National Geographic Society - Palomar Observatory Sky Survey. It is estimated to be about 3,800 light-years from earth and thus 2,600 light-years above the Galactic plane. It is almost perfectly spherical and also one of the largest known spheres with a radius of about 1.4 light-years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abell 33</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Hydra

Abell 33 is a faint spherical planetary nebula located 2700 light years away in the constellation of Hydra. It lies just behind the star HD 83535 which has no relation to the nebula. The star HD 83535 is also responsible for the "diamond ring" effect seen in the photograph.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abell 31</span> Astronomical object

Abell 31 is an ancient planetary nebula in the constellation of Cancer. It is estimated to be about 2,000 light years away. Although it is one of the largest planetary nebulae in the sky, it is not very bright. The central star of the planetary nebula is a white dwarf with a spectral type of DAO. The white dwarf is the dead remains of a star that existed but had died leaving behind Abell 31 and the white dwarf.

Abell 7 is a faint planetary nebula located 1800 light-years away in the constellation of Lepus. It has a generally spherical shape about 8 light-years in diameter. Within the sphere are complex details that are brought out by narrowband filters. Abell 7 is estimated to be only 20,000 years old, but the central star, a fading white dwarf, is estimated to be some 10 billion years old.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abell 36</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Virgo

Abell 36 is a faint barrel shaped planetary nebula located 780 light years from Earth in the constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by the American astronomer George Ogden Abell in 1955.

LoTr 5 is a large, faint planetary nebula in the constellation of Coma Berenices. In 2018, its parallax was measured by Gaia, giving a distance of about 1,650 light-years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abell 63</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation of Sagitta

Abell 63 is a planetary nebula with an eclipsing binary central star system in the northern constellation of Sagitta. Based on parallax measurements of the central star, it is located at a distance of approximately 8,810 light years from the Sun. The systemic radial velocity of the nebula is +41±2 km/s. The nuclear star system is the progenitor of the nebula and it has a combined apparent visual magnitude of 14.67. During mid eclipse the magnitude drops to 19.24.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abell 48</span> Planetary nebula in the constellation Aquila

Abell 48 is a planetary nebula likely located around 14,000 light years away in the constellation of Aquila. It is noteworthy among planetary nebulae for hosting a rare WN-type Wolf-Rayet-type central star, a [WN4]-type star, which was once thought to be a bona-fide Wolf-Rayet star, and received the name WR 120–6. The nebula is made up of two rings surrounding the central star, and is heavily reddened, with an E(B-V) value of 2.14 and a visual extinction of 6.634 magnitudes, which is why it appears so dim.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Anne's Image of the Day: Planetary Nebula Abell 70". Anne's Astronomy News. 30 November 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
  2. Gottlieb, Steve (16 August 2001). "Best Abell Planetaries: Summer". Astronomy-Mall. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
  3. 1 2 Jones, David; Boffin, Henri M J.; Brown, Alex J.; Zak, Jiri; Hume, George; Munday, James; Miszalski, Brent (2022). "A detailed study of the barium central star of the planetary nebula Abell 70". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 516 (4): 4833–4843. arXiv: 2208.14778 . Bibcode:2022MNRAS.516.4833J. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac2501 .
  4. 1 2 3 "Results for 2MASX J20313312-0705014". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
  5. "Astronomical Image Catalog: PNABELL70". ManTrapSkies.com. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
  6. "PGC 187663". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 25 October 2018.