| Abralia steindachneri | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Order: | Oegopsida |
| Family: | Enoploteuthidae |
| Genus: | Abralia |
| Subgenus: | Abralia |
| Species: | A. steindachneri |
| Binomial name | |
| Abralia steindachneri Weindl, 1912 [2] | |
Abralia steindachneri is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod found in Indo-Pacific waters, from east Africa to the Ryukyu Islands of Japan and northern Australia.
Enoploteuthidae is a family of squid comprising approximately 40 species in four genera. Most species have a mantle length ranging from 3–13 cm (1.2–5.1 in). Hooks are present on all arms and tentacles. The family is best known for the large array of photophores throughout the body.
Franz Steindachner was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner described hundreds of new species of fish and dozens of new amphibians and reptiles. At least seven species of reptile have been named after him.
Abralia is a genus of squid comprising around 20 species from the family Enoploteuthidae. They are small squid which can be found in the epipelagic to mesopelagic zones while some species are found in water with shallow substrates on steep slopes on the boundary of the mesopelagic zone. They are distinguished from other members of the Enoploteuthidae by not normally having large, black photophores at the tips of arms IV, although if these are present they are not covered in black chromatophores, and having fins which extend beyond their tail. The photophores of the integument are characteristicand are found in the three types. "Lensed" photophores are a blue color with a white ring, "simple" photophores are small and violet-colored and the "complex" photophores are surrounded by small green satellite points and have a green centre. The complex photophores will frequently appear to be blue depending on their physiological state. The integument also has small black chromatophores which look like dots. They have 5–12 variably sized photophores on the eye. Either the right or left arm IV is hectocotylized.
Abralia andamanica is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod native to the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. It is known from Australia, Indonesia, Japan and Hawaiʻi. It is associated with shelf waters, and will rise to the upper water column at night to feed. Females spawn eggs 0.9–1.5 mm in diameter in gelatinous strings.
Abralia armata is a species of squid in the family Enoploteuthidae. It is native to waters of Indonesia and the Philippines. A. armata is reported to grow to mantle lengths of up to 2 cm.
Abralia astrolineata is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod that occurs in the waters around the Kermadec Islands in New Zealand. It is fairly large for this genus, growing up to 100 mm in mantle length.
Abralia astrosticta is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod present in the waters of Australia, French Polynesia, Japan, New Zealand, the Philippines and Hawaiʻi. They have large ventral photophores. Females carry oocytes 1.0 mm in length in their ovaries.
Abralia fasciolata is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod that is only known from the Gulf of Aqaba. Mature males can reach a mantle length of 27 mm, with spermatophores 3–3.5 mm in length.
Abralia grimpei is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod known from the western North Atlantic Ocean, including the West Indies and the Sargasso Sea. It is recognizable from other Abralia species by the extra photophores on its eyes.
Abralia heminuchalis is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod native to the equatorial regions of the Pacific Ocean. It may be a junior synonym of A. siedleckyi. Females are larger than males. Oocytes in mature females can reach 1.25 mm in length. Male spermatophores are relatively small at 3.6–4.0 mm in length.
Abralia marisarabica is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod that is endemic to the Arabian Sea. It may also be present in the Seychelles. It is one of the smallest Abralia species, growing to 19–22 mm (males) and 22–26 mm (females) in mantle lengths. There appears to be sexual dimorphism in the number of arm hooks present.
Abralia multihamata is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod native to the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Specifically, it occurs in the East China Sea, Sea of Japan and Sagami Bay. The taxonomic relationship between A. multihamata and A. spaercki needs to be resolved. It may spawn in the East China Sea, as large numbers of spent individuals are collected there in October.
Abralia omiae is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod known only from its type locality, the Dimitry Mendeleyev seamount in the Pacific tropics. A. omiae is a small species, less than 3 cm in mantle length.
Abralia redfieldi is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod ranging across the Atlantic Ocean from the waters of Nova Scotia to Argentina in the west, to the waters of western Africa south to South Africa in the east. It has been caught at depths of 50–100 m at night, and is preyed upon by dwarf sperm whales.
Abralia renschi is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod found in the waters of Sumatra, Java and the Maldives. It may be a subspecies of A. steindachneri.
Abralia robsoni is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod found in the waters of Japan. It may be synonymous with A. andamanica.
Abralia siedleckyi is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod known from its type locality in the waters off South Africa. It resembles A. heminuchalis, and may be synonymous with it.
Abralia similis is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod that occurs in equatorial and subtropical Pacific Ocean waters south of the Kuroshio Current, and is known from the waters of Papua New Guinea, Japan, Kiribati and Tonga. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with females reaching mantle lengths of 17–30 mm in length and males only reaching 17–22 mm mantle lengths. Male spermatophores are relatively long, at 5.2–7.7 mm in length. Females have small oocytes, at only 1.0 mm in length.
Abralia spaercki is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod that has been found in the waters off northern Australia, Indonesia and the Philippines. Its taxonomic relationship with A. multihamata still needs to be determined. It inhabits the mesopelagic zone of continental or island shelves.
Abralia trigonura is a species of enoploteuthid cephalopod found in the Pacific Ocean in the mesopelagic zone. Females reach a mantle length of 31–35 mm compared to males at 23–27 mm at maturity. Females spawn in batches of 290–430 small eggs, 0.9 mm in length. The paralarvae stage lasts about 40 days before shifting to adult mode. Male spermatophores are relatively small at 7 mm in length. It migrates to the upper water column to feed at night.
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