| Adyte | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Annelida |
| Class: | Polychaeta |
| Order: | Phyllodocida |
| Family: | Polynoidae |
| Genus: | Adyte Saint-Joseph, 1899 |
| Species: | A. hyalina |
| Binomial name | |
| Adyte hyalina (G.O. Sars, 1873) | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Adyte hyalina is a species of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae (scale worms) and the only accepted species in the genus Adyte. Adyte hyalina occurs in the North-east Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, at depths down to about 150 metres. [1] [2]
Adyte hyalina is colourless or yellowish, up to thirty millimetres long, and has a dark band running down its back. [3] Adyte hyalina is a long-bodied scale-worm with up to about 70 segments and 15 pairs of elytra, leaving the long tail uncovered. The prostomium is rounded anteriorly (without peaks) and with three antennae; the lateral antennae are inserted ventrally to the median antenna. Parapodia with elongate acicular lobes are present, with both acicula penetrating the epidermis in notopodium but not neuropodium. The notochaetae are stout, with few rows of spines and slightly notched tip. The neurochaetae are more slender and more numerous, have faint rows of spines distally, and feature minutely bidentate or simple (unidentate) tips. [2]
The species is found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea and the Bosporus, the English Channel and the North Sea. [4]
The species is widely distributed round the shores of Britain where it is found on the lower shore and always in association with the sea urchin, Echinus esculentus , among whose spines it lives. [3] It ranges from the littoral to the sublittoral zones and is often associated with starfish, brittle stars and feather stars. [4] It is an omnivore and both a scavenger and a predator. [1]
Polynoidae is a family of marine Polychaete worms known as "scale worms" due to the scale-like elytra on the dorsal surface. Almost 900 species are currently recognised belonging to 9 subfamilies and 167 genera. They are active hunters, but generally dwell in protected environments such as under stones. The group is widely distributed from shallow intertidal waters to hadal trenches. They are the most diverse group of polychaetes in terms of genus number and second most diverse in terms of species number which is almost 8% of all segmented worm species.
Harmothoe is a genus of marine Polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae. Species of Harmothoe are found world-wide to depths of at least 5,000 m but are more common in shallower water.
Leucia nivea is a species of polychaete worm, commonly known as a "scale worm", in the family Polynoidae. This species occurs in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
Acholoe squamosa is a species in the family Polynoidae and the only species in the genus Acholoe; it occurs in the Mediterranean Sea and North-east Atlantic Ocean.
Acanthicolepis is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae. The genus was described in 1990 and includes two short-bodied species with up to 50 segments and which occur in the Mediterranean Sea and North-east Atlantic Ocean.
Lepidonotus is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae. The genus occurs globally and includes 80 species, usually found in shallow waters down to about 80 metres.
Bathyeliasona mariaae is a deep-sea scale worm which is known from two specimens collected in the north-east Pacific Ocean from depths of 4,328–4,823m.
Austrolaenilla is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae. The genus includes 10 species which are known from depths of about 20 m to over 5000 m and from the Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean and Antarctic Ocean.
Robertianella is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae. There are 2 species of Robertianella which are known from depths of about 600 to 3000 m in the north-east Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
Hartmania is a genus of marine polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae, the scaleworms. Hartmania contains a single species, Hartmania moorei which is known from the north-west Atlantic Ocean off the coast of North America from shallow water to depths of about 80 m.
Vampiropolynoe is a genus of marine polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae, the scaleworms. Vampiropolynoe contains a single species, Vampiropolynoe embleyi which is known from hydrothermal vents in the South Pacific Ocean at a depth of about 1500 m.
Verrucapelma is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae. Verrucapelma contains three species which are known from shallow water down to a depth of about 90 m. All three species occur in the Indo-Pacific region, in the Coral Sea, northern Australia and the Indonesian archipelago.
Verrucapelma nigricans is a scale worm known from the South China Sea from intertidal habitats.
Gattyana is a genus of marine annelids in the family Polynoidae. The genus includes 11 species, 9 of which occur in the northern hemisphere, the remaining two are from the Indian Ocean off Mozambique and the Southern Ocean off New Zealand. Species of Gattyana are known from shallow water down to depths of about 1200 m.
Hermadion is a genus of marine polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae, the scaleworms. Hermadion contains a single species, Hermadion magalhaensi which is known from the South Atlantic, South Pacific and southern Indian Oceans at depths to about 110 m.
Hermadionella is a genus of marine polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae, the scaleworms. Hermadionella contains 3 species which are known from the north-west Pacific and Arctic Oceans from the intertidal to depths of about 200 m.
Hermadionella truncata is a scale worm known from the north-west Pacific and Arctic Oceans at depths down to about 200 m.
Neopolynoe is a genus of marine polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae, the scaleworms. Neopolynoe contains 4 species, all known from the Atlantic Ocean from shallow water to depths of about 2500 m.
Neopolynoe acanellae is a scale worm known from the North Atlantic Ocean at depths about 400 to 2000 m.
Neopolynoe antarctica is a scale worm known from the Magallanes Region of the South Atlantic Ocean and from the Southern Ocean south of New Zealand at depths to about 200 m.