Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family, including the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives the barbs and barbels, among others. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest vertebrate animal family overall, with about 3,000 species; only 1,270 of these remain extant, divided into about 200 valid genera. Cyprinids range from about 12 mm (0.5 in) in size to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb. By genus and species count, the family makes up more than two-thirds of the ostariophysian order Cypriniformes. The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos.
Alburnoides is a genus of cyprinid fishes native to Europe and Asia. Many species are known as riffle minnows or spirlins.
Capoeta, also known as scrapers, is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae found in Western Asia. The distribution extends from Turkey to the Levant, to Transcaucasia, Iraq, Turkmenistan, in Armenia, particularly in lake Sevan and northern Afghanistan. This genus is most closely related to Luciobarbus and in itself is divided into three morphologically, biogeographically and genetically distinct groups or clades: the Mesopotamian clade, the Anatolian-Iranian clade and the Aralo-Caspian clade.
Garra is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. These fish are one example of the "log suckers", sucker-mouthed barbs and other cyprinids commonly kept in aquaria to keep down algae. The doctor fish of Anatolia and the Middle East belongs in this genus. The majority of the more than 160 species of garras are native to Asia, but about one-fifth of the species are from Africa.
Labeoninae is a doubtfully distinct subfamily of ray-finned fishes in the family Cyprinidae of order Cypriniformes. They inhabit fresh water and the largest species richness is in the region around southern China, but there are also species elsewhere in Asia, and some members of Garra and Labeo are from Africa. They are a generally very apomorphic group, perhaps the most "advanced" of the Cyprinidae. A common name for these fishes is labeonins or labeoins.
The Ohrid spirlin is a fish species of family Cyprinidae. This species is endemic to Lake Ohrid in North Macedonia and Albania in the Balkans. It is a benthopelagic temperate freshwater fish, up to 9 cm in length. It was originally named as a subspecies of Alburnoides bipunctatus. It is threatened by non-indigenous species of fish, many of which have been introduced into Lake Ohrid.
Alburnoides qanati is a fish species of family Cyprinidae. It is widespread in the Pulvar River system and Kor River in Iran. Benthopelagic subtropical freshwater fish, up to 7.2 cm in length.
Squalius janae, commonly known as the Istrian chub, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It was first described in 2010 from the Dragonja River drainage in Slovenia. Since then they have also been found in the Boljunčica and Pazinčica river drainages in Istria, Croatia.
The Manyas spirlin is a species of minnow that is endemic to the Simav River drainage of Lake Kuş, also known as Lake Manyas, in Turkey. It may become threatened as its range is densely inhabited and increasingly industrialized.
Squalius valentinus, commonly known as the Valencia chub and the Levantine bagra, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It was first isolated from the Turia River in Valencia, hence its name. It is considered endangered. This species is differentiated from its cogenerates by having eight branched rays in its dorsal fin; eight branched rays in its anal fin; two rows of pharyngeal teeth on both sides possessing 2 and 5 teeth ; a wide caudal peduncle; its number of gill rakers; the number of scales in its lateral line; the number of scale rows above the latter; by possessing three scale rows below it; by having thirty-nine vertebrae ; showing large 4th and 5th infraorbital bones; a maxilla with a very distinct marked anterior process; exhibiting a frontal bone expanded at the middle; a wide neurocranium bone; the lower branch of the pharyngeal bone being robust; a large and narrow urohyal; as well as genetic differences (allozymes).
Squalius malacitanus, commonly known as the Málaga chub, is a species of freshwater fish in the carp family Cyprinidae. It was first isolated from the Guadalmina River in Málaga, hence its name. It is considered a vulnerable species. S. malacitanus differs from its cogenerate species by having 7–8 branched rays in its dorsal fin, 8 branched rays in the anal lateral line; the number of scale rows above its lateral line; possessing 3 scale rows below its lateral line; 38 vertebrae, 21 abdominal, and 17 caudal; large fourth and fifth infraorbital bones; maxilla without a pointed anterior process; the middle of its frontal bone being narrow, as well as its neurocranium bone; the lower branch of its pharyngeal bone is rather long; and the shortness of the inferior lamina of its urohyal bone.
Alburnoides namaki, is a fish species of the family Cyprinidae, known from Iran. It can be differentiated from its cogenerates by differences in fin ray and vertebral counts, together with other morphological characters.
Alburnoides nicolausi, is a fish species of the family Cyprinidae, known from Iran. It can be differentiated from its cogenerates by differences in fin ray and vertebral counts, together with other morphological characters.
Alburnoides idignensis, is a fish species of the family Cyprinidae endemic to Iran. It can be differentiated from its cogenerates by differences in fin ray and vertebral counts, together with other morphological characters. The specific name is derived from the Sumerian name for the River Tigris, "Idigna".
Alburnoides gmelini, the Dagestan spirlin, is a fish species of the family Cyprinidae, known from the western Caspian coast of southern Russia. It can be differentiated from its cogenerates by differences in fin ray and vertebral counts, together with other morphological characters. The specific bane honours Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin, a Russian-German naturalist who travelled through the River Don area and the Caucasus region and along the western and southern Caspian Sea coasts between 1768 and 1774.
Alburnoides petrubanarescui, is a fish species of the family Cyprinidae, known from Iran. It can be differentiated from its cogenerates by differences in fin ray and vertebral counts, together with other morphological characters.
Capoeta razii, is a newly described species of freshwater cyprinid fish occurring mainly in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran. This species was mistakenly reported by many authors as Capoeta gracilis in northern Iranian regions. It was first reported to be different from C. gracilis by Levin et al. (2012).
Alburnoides devolli is a species of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Devoll River in Albania. This species is present only in the upper stream of the Devolli River, due to the geological isolation of its habitat. Various morphological differences such as anal and dorsal fins, distinguish Alburnoides devolli from other Alburnoides species that inhabit Lake Prespa, Lake Skadar or Danube River.
Samii's riffle minnow is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Sefidroud River drainage in Iran.
Alburnoides damghani, commonly known as Damghan riffle minnow is a species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. The fish is found in the Damghan River.
