Sturgeon is the common name for the 28 species of fish belonging to the family Acipenseridae. The earliest sturgeon fossils date to the Late Cretaceous, and are descended from other, earlier acipenseriform fish, which date back to the Early Jurassic period, some 174 to 201 million years ago. They are one of two living families of the Acipenseriformes alongside paddlefish (Polyodontidae). The family is grouped into four genera: Acipenser, Huso, Scaphirhynchus, and Pseudoscaphirhynchus. Two species may be extinct in the wild, and one may be entirely extinct. Sturgeons are native to subtropical, temperate and sub-Arctic rivers, lakes and coastlines of Eurasia and North America.
Paddlefish are a family of ray-finned fish belonging to order Acipenseriformes, and one of two living groups of the order alongside sturgeons (Acipenseridae). They are distinguished from other fish by their elongated rostra, which are thought to enhance electroreception to detect prey. Paddlefish have been referred to as "primitive fish" because the Acipenseriformes are among the earliest diverging lineages of ray-finned fish, having diverged from all other living groups over 300 million years ago. Paddlefish are almost exclusively North American and Chinese, both extant and in the fossil record.
Barbus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. The type species of Barbus is the common barbel, first described as Cyprinus barbus and now named Barbus barbus. Barbus is the namesake genus of the subfamily Barbinae, but given their relationships, that taxon is better included in the Cyprininae at least for the largest part.
The common dace is a species of freshwater and brackish water ray-finned fish from the family Cyprinidae which is native to Europe but which has been introduced to other parts of the world. It is a quarry species for coarse anglers.
The beluga, also known as the beluga sturgeon or great sturgeon, is a species of anadromous fish in the sturgeon family (Acipenseridae) of order Acipenseriformes. It is found primarily in the Caspian and Black Sea basins, and formerly in the Adriatic Sea. Based on maximum size, it is the third-most-massive living species of bony fish. Heavily fished for the female's valuable roe, known as beluga caviar, wild populations have been greatly reduced by overfishing and poaching, leading IUCN to classify the species as critically endangered.
The common bleak is a small freshwater coarse fish of the cyprinid family.
The wels catfish, also called sheatfish or just wels, is a large species of catfish native to wide areas of central, southern, and eastern Europe, in the basins of the Baltic, Black and Caspian Seas. It has been introduced to Western Europe as a prized sport fish and is now found from the United Kingdom east to Kazakhstan and China and south to Greece and Turkey.
The European bullhead is a freshwater fish that is widely distributed in Europe, mainly in rivers. It is a member of the family Cottidae, a type of sculpin. It is also known as the miller's thumb, freshwater sculpin, common bullhead, and cob.
The Danube bleak or Caspian shemaya is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Iran, Ukraine, Georgia, Armenia, Slovakia, Moldova, Greece, Czechia, Azerbaijan, Turkiye, Afghanistan, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Switzerland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
The harelip sucker was a species of ray-finned fish in the family Catostomidae. It was found only in the United States. It is considered extinct as it has not been seen alive since 1893.
Common percarina is a species of fish in the family Percidae. It is found in northwestern Black Sea basin in estuaries and coastal lakes, and in the lower reaches of the rivers that drain into that part of the Black Sea. It is a carnivorous species.
The Antalya bleak is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Alburnus. It is endemic to Turkey and is commonly found in schools in clear, vegetated fresh water.
The Eastern Aegean bleak is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Alburnus. It is known from the river drainages of the Gümüldür River, the Büyük Menderes River and the Dalaman River in Turkey. It may have been found in the Küçükmenderes River before the river dried up. It is threatened by pollution, water abstraction and river damming.
Alburnus doriae is a species of cyprinid fish from Iran. It was previously thought to be restricted to central Iran, but recent research shows that it is more widespread and that Alburnus amirkabiri and Petroleuciscus esfahani are probably synonyms of Alburnus doriae.
Alburnus escherichii, also known as the Sakarya bleak or Caucasian bleak, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Alburnus. It is native to the Sakarya River drainage in Turkey, and has been introduced into Lake Beyşehir and the Manavgat River.
Alburnus sarmaticus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Alburnus. Widespread in European rivers: Southern Bug, Dnieper, Danube ; River Kolpa, an upper tributary to the River Sava in Croatia and Slovenia. Almost extirpated in Danube, to be probably survived only in River Kolpa.
The Black Sea bleak is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Alburnus, that can be found in Bulgaria in river Veleka, and Turkey in river Rezovska. The species are threatened due to the drought in their rivers.
Culter alburnus, the topmouth culter, is an East Asian species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the cyprinid genus Culter.
The fauna of Romania comprises all the animal species inhabiting the country of Romania and its coastal territory in the Black Sea.
