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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)Amar Bose | |
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Born | Amar Gopal Bose November 2, 1929 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
Died | July 12, 2013 83) Wayland, Massachusetts, U.S. | (aged
Occupation(s) | Engineer, entrepreneur, founder of Bose Corporation |
Spouse(s) | Prema Bose (divorced) Ursula Boltshauser (widowed) |
Children | 2, including Vanu |
Academic background | |
Education | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (BS, MS, DcS) |
Thesis | A theory of nonlinear systems (1956) |
Doctoral advisor | Norbert Wiener [1] Yuk-Wing Lee |
Academic work | |
Doctoral students | Alan V. Oppenheim [1] |
Amar Gopal Bose (November 2,1929 –July 12,2013) was an American entrepreneur and academic. An electrical engineer and sound engineer,he was a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for over 45 years. [2] He was also the founder and chairman of Bose Corporation.
In 2011,he donated a majority of the company to MIT in the form of non-voting shares to sustain and advance MIT's education and research mission. [3]
Bose was born in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania, [4] to a Bengali Indian father,Noni Gopal Bose and an American mother,Charlotte Mechlin (1895-1973). His mother was a schoolteacher of French and German ancestry. [5] His father was an Indian independence activist [6] who,having been imprisoned for his political activities,fled Bengal in the 1920s in order to avoid further persecution by the British colonial police. [7]
Bose first displayed his entrepreneurial skills and his interest in electronics at age thirteen when,during the World War II years,he enlisted school friends as co-workers in a small home business repairing model trains and home radios,to supplement his family's income. [8]
After graduating from Abington Senior High School in Abington,Pennsylvania,Bose enrolled at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,graduating with a BS (Bachelor of Science) in Electrical Engineering in the early 1950s. Bose spent a year at Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium in Eindhoven,Netherlands;and a year as a Fulbright research student in New Delhi,India,where he met his future first wife. He completed his PhD in Electrical Engineering from MIT,writing a thesis on non-linear systems under the supervision of Norbert Wiener and Yuk-Wing Lee.
Following graduation,Bose became an assistant professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. During his early years as a professor,Bose purchased a high-end stereo system in 1956 and was disappointed to find that speakers with impressive technical specifications failed to reproduce the realism of a live performance. This would eventually motivate his extensive speaker technology research,concentrating on key weaknesses in the high-end speaker systems available at the time. His research on acoustics led him to develop a stereo loudspeaker that would reproduce,in a domestic setting,the dominantly reflected sound field that characterizes the listening space of the audience in a concert hall. His focus on psychoacoustics later became a hallmark of his company's audio products.
For initial capital to fund his company in 1964,Bose turned to angel investors,including his MIT thesis advisor and professor,Yuk-Wing Lee. Bose was awarded significant patents in two fields that continue to be important to the Bose Corporation. These patents were in the area of loudspeaker design and non-linear,two-state modulated,Class-D power processing.
In the 1980s,Bose developed an electromagnetic replacement for automotive shock absorbers,intended to radically improve the performance of automotive suspension systems,absorbing bumps and road shock while controlling car body motions and sway. [9]
In 2007,Bose was listed in Forbes 400 as the 271st richest man in the world,with a net worth of $1.8 billion. [10] In 2009,he was no longer on the billionaires list,but returned to the list in 2011,with a net worth of $1.0 billion. [11]
The company Bose founded employed 11,700 people worldwide as of 2016 [update] and produces products for home,car,and professional audio,as well as conducting basic research in acoustics and other fields. Bose never took his company public,and since the company is privately held Bose was able to pursue risky long-term research. In a 2004 interview in Popular Science magazine,he said:"I would have been fired a hundred times at a company run by MBAs. But I never went into business to make money. I went into business so that I could do interesting things that hadn't been done before." [9]
Bose said that his best ideas usually came to him in a flash. "These innovations are not the result of rational thought;it's an intuitive idea." [12]
He married Prema Bose but they later divorced.[ when? ] They had two children. Later in life,he married Ursula Bolthauser. Bose did not practice any religion,though he used to meditate for a short while every day. [13] His son Vanu Bose was the founder and CEO of Vanu Inc.,a software-defined radio technology company. [14]
Bose died on July 12,2013,at the age of 83 in Wayland,Massachusetts. [2] [15] [16]
In addition to running his company,Bose remained a professor at MIT until 2001. He earned the Baker Teaching Award in 1963–64,and further teaching awards over the years. The Bose Award for Excellence in Teaching (1989),and later the Junior Bose Award (1995) were established in his honor,to recognize outstanding teaching in the MIT School of Engineering. [17] Former students have stated that his classes helped them gain life skills and problem solving skills that have served them throughout their careers. [2]
Bose was the doctoral advisor to MIT professor Alan V. Oppenheim, [18] who is well known for his work on digital signal processing and his books on signals and systems. [19] Oppenheim dedicated one of his books to Bose and described him with these words:"What I learned from him about teaching,research,and life over the many decades of our relationship affected me in ways too numerous to describe. He set the highest standards in everything that he did,and his accomplishments as a teacher,an inventor,and an entrepreneur are legendary." [20]
In 2011,Bose donated a majority of the company's non-voting shares to MIT on the condition that the shares never be sold. [21] Because these shares are non-voting,MIT does not participate in operations or governance of Bose Corporation. [17]
Tomlinson Miles Holman II is an American film theorist,audio engineer,and inventor of film technologies,notably the Lucasfilm's THX sound system. He developed the world's first 10.2 sound system.
Bose Corporation is an American manufacturing company that predominantly sells audio equipment. The company was established by Amar Bose in 1964 and is based in Framingham,Massachusetts. It is best known for its home audio systems and speakers,noise-canceling headphones,professional audio products,and automobile sound systems. Bose has a reputation for being certainly protective of its patents,trademarks and brands. The majority owner of Bose Corporation is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Non-voting shares were donated to MIT by founder Amar Bose and receive cash dividends. The company's annual report for the 2021 financial year stated that Bose Corporation's yearly sales were $3.2 billion,and the company employed about 7,000 people.
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Henry Kloss was a prominent American audio engineer and entrepreneur who helped advance high fidelity loudspeaker and radio receiver technology beginning in the 1950s. Kloss was an undergraduate student in physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,but never received a degree. He was responsible for a number of innovations,including,in part,the acoustic suspension loudspeaker and the high fidelity cassette deck. In 2000,Kloss was one of the first inductees into the Consumer Electronics Association's Hall of Fame. He earned an Emmy Award for his development of a projection television system,the Advent VideoBeam 1000.
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John Kenneth Hilliard was an American acoustical and electrical engineer who pioneered a number of important loudspeaker concepts and designs. He helped develop the practical use of recording sound for film and won an Academy Award in 1935. He designed movie theater sound systems,and he worked on radar as well as submarine detection equipment during World War II. Hilliard collaborated with James B. "Jim" Lansing in creating the long-lived Altec Voice of the Theatre speaker system. Hilliard researched high-intensity acoustics,vibration,miniaturization and long-line communications for NASA and the Air Force. Near the end of his career,he standardized noise-control criteria for home construction in California,a pattern since applied to new homes throughout the U.S.
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Bengali Americans are American nationals or residents who ethnically,linguistically and genealogically identify as Bengalis. They trace their ancestry to the historic ethnolinguistic region of Bengal region,now divided between Bangladesh and West Bengal,India. Bengali Americans are also a subgroup of modern-day Bangladeshi Americans and Indian Americans.
Vanu Gopal Bose was an American electrical engineer and the founder of Vanu Inc. He was the son of Amar Bose,the founder of Bose Corporation.
Cliff Henricksen is a musician,inventor and audio technologist. He is self-taught as a musician with a graduate degree in mechanical engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Throughout his career Cliff has found innovative ways to apply engineering basics to electro acoustics and to audio technology as it applies to music and in particular to live music performance. He has invented and engineered a wide variety of technologies and products well known in the world of professional audio. Today he balances work in audio and work as a performing musician.
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