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Hover flies, also called flower flies or syrphid flies, make up the insect family Syrphidae. As their common name suggests, they are often seen hovering or nectaring at flowers; the adults of many species feed mainly on nectar and pollen, while the larvae (maggots) eat a wide range of foods. In some species, the larvae are saprotrophs, eating decaying plant and animal matter in the soil or in ponds and streams. In other species, the larvae are insectivores and prey on aphids, thrips, and other plant-sucking insects.
Eucryphia is a small genus of trees and large shrubs native to the south temperate regions of South America and coastal eastern Australia, mainly Tasmania. Sometimes placed in a family of their own, the Eucryphiaceae, more recent classifications place them in the Cunoniaceae. There are seven species, two in South America and five in Australia, and several named hybrids.
The Mydidae, or Mydas flies, are a cosmopolitan family of flies. It is a small family, with about 471 species described. They are generally large in size, including the largest known fly, Gauromydas heros. Many of the species, in addition to their large size, are mimics of stinging hymenopterans, especially wasps. Most mydids are found in arid and semiarid regions of the world, but they are also found in other habitats.
Xylota is a Holarctic genus of hoverflies similar in structure to the related genera Chalcosyrphus and Brachypalpoides. As the larvae are saprophytic they're usually found in rotting wood. The adult flies are generally associated with woodland and woodland edges and can often be seen running over the upper sides of leaves. Unlike other syrphids the adults of many species rarely visit flowers preferring instead to gather pollen from leaf surfaces. There are over 100 described species of which 12 can be found in Europe. Seven species have been recorded in Britain. Identification of species has been difficult and identifiction by photographs is risky.
Spilomyia is a genus of hoverflies. Many species in the genus show Batesian mimicry of wasp models, including black and yellow patterns and modified antenna shape.
Platycheirus is a large genus of hoverflies. They are also called sedgesitters.
Toxomerus is a very large genus of hoverflies. They are found in many parts of North and South America. Most larvae are predators on soft bodied insects, though a few species have been shown to feed on pollen. Adults feed on the pollen of a wide range of flowers.
Chalcosyrphus is a genus of hoverflies in the subfamily Eristalinae. Many species exhibit some degree of mimicry of various sawflies and other hymenopterans and are often brightly coloured or metallic in hue. The adults are similar in structure and behavior to the related genus Xylota but differ in larval morphology. They can be found throughout Europe, Asia, and North America and seem to prefer damper, boggy habitats. The larvae are saproxylic feeders in rotten wood in these habitats.
Chrysogaster is a genus of small hoverflies in the subfamily Eristalinae. They are dark or black with shiny colourful reflections and can often be seen visiting flowers in damp marshy areas where the aquatic larvae live. Species in the related genera Melanogaster, Orthonevra, Lejogaster and Riponnensia were formerly treated as members of Chrysogaster.
Myolepta is a cosmopolitan genus of hoverflies most closely related to the genus Lepidomyia
Tropidia is a genus hoverflies, from the family Syrphidae, in the order Diptera.
Pelecorhynchus is a genus of flies from the family Pelecorhynchidae. The adults mostly feed on nectar of Leptospermum flowers. Larvae have been collected in the damp margins of swamp areas, where they feed on earthworms.
The Milesiini is a large and diverse tribe of hoverflies. They mimic wasps or hornets.
Empidinae are a subfamily of empidoid flies. They are mainly predatory flies like most of their relatives, and generally small to medium-sized. Most species are flower visitors and they can be effective pollinators.
Lasia is a genus of small-headed flies in the family Acroceridae. There are about 19 described species in Lasia, which are distributed in the New World.
Salpingogaster is a genus of syrphid flies in the family Syrphidae. There are at least 30 described species in Salpingogaster.
Arrhynchus is a genus of small-headed flies in the family Acroceridae. It was formerly considered a synonym of Ocnaea, but was reinstated as a valid genus by Schlinger in 1968. It is endemic to Chile.
Odyneromyia is a genus of hoverflies in the family Syrphidae.
Sterphus is a genus of hoverflies.
Valdiviomyia is a genus of hoverflies from the family Syrphidae, in the order Diptera.
References
- 1 2 Stuardo, C.; Cortés, N. (1952). "Nuevo nombre para un género de Syrphidae Chileno de R. A. Philippi (Diptera)". Revista Chilena de Entomología . 2: 311.
- 1 2 Philippi, R. A. (1865). "Aufzählung der chilenischen Dipteren". Verhandl K.-k. Zool. Bot. Gesell. Wien. 15: 595–782.
- ↑ Thompson, F. C.; Vockeroth, J. R.; Sedman, Y. S. (1976). "A Catalogue of the Americas South of the United States: Family Syrphidae". São Paulo, Brasil: Museu de Zoologia. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
- ↑ Smith, Cecilia; Vieli, Lorena; Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo (2021-02-09). "<i>Aneriophora aureorufa</i> (Philippi, 1865) (Diptera: Syrphidae): a fly specialized in the pollination of <i>Eucryphia cordifolia</i> Cav. (Cunoniaceae R. Br.), an endemic species of South American temperate forest". Journal of Pollination Ecology. International Commission for Plant Pollinator Relations. 27. doi: 10.26786/1920-7603(2021)618 . ISSN 1920-7603.
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