| Ankhu | |
|---|---|
| Vizier | |
 Stela of Amenyseneb, mentioning Ankhu in the text | |
| Dynasty | 13th Dynasty |
| Pharaoh | Khendjer, Sobekhotep II and others |
| Father | possibly Zamonth |
| Mother | Henutpu |
| Wife | Mereret |
| Children | Resseneb, Iymeru, Senebhenas |
Ankhu was an Egyptian vizier during the early 13th Dynasty in the late Middle Kingdom. He is believed to have resided in Thebes in Upper Egypt.
Ankhu was the son of a vizier. Labib Habachi proposed that his father was the vizier Zamonth who served under king Amenemhat III in the Late Twelfth Dynasty. The mother of Ankhu is known as Henutpu, the name of Zamonth's wife is published as Henut. Habachi wonders whether Henut is a mistake or a short version of Henutpu. The name Henut is otherwise not attested. [1] Detlef Franke agreed with this identification and calculates that Ankhu must have been 50 to 60 years old under king Khendjer. [2]
Ankhu was married to a woman called Mereret. Ankhu was the father of two further viziers: Resseneb and Iymeru. The family formed a strong dynasty of high court officials. One of the daughters of the couple was called Senebhenas. She was married to the overseer of the half domain Wepwawethotep. The latter was related to Queen Aya, albeit it remains uncertain in which way.
Ankhu is known from monuments dating to the early 13th Dynasty. He is indirectly associated with Sobekhotep II and possibly Khendjer. There are several references between Ankhu and Sobekhotep II, latest at his burial site at Dra Abu el-Naga. Khendjer may have ruled at the same time further north.
Ankhu appears in the Papyrus Boulaq 18 as the head of the court officials. The papyrus may date to the reign of Sobekhotep II, or according to an analysis of the document by Kim Ryholt, it may date to the reign of Imyremeshaw or Sehetepkare Intef. The papyrus mentions a Queen Aya, [3] whose image appears also on a stela which shows that she was part of Ankhu's family. A stela found at Abydos dated to the reign of Khendjer reports on building works at the Osiris temple. In the Amun temple at Karnak he erected statues of himself, his father [4] and his mother. The latter is one of the very few statues belonging to a woman placed in this temple. [5]
Several items associated with Ankhu are grouped in 13th Dyn. Theban Workshop 2. [6]
The Papyrus Boulaq 18 was found in two fragments which mentions Vizier Ankhu. [7]
The larger manuscript is an account of income and expenses as the Court visited the Southern City, dated to Year 3, 2-3 Month of Akhet (Inundation) of an unnamed king. [8]
The smaller manuscript is an account made by Neferhotep. It mentions Great Scribe of the Vizier Resseneb and the Estate of the Vizier Ankhu with entries dating from a period in Year 6, 1 Peret to 2 Shemu. [9]
The Papyrus Brooklyn 35.1446 mentions Vizier Ankhu. [10] This papyrus consist of several entries, the first being a list of fugitives from labor duty at the Great Enclosure dated to Year 36 of an unnamed king thought to be Amenemhat III. The last entry is a list of servants dated to Year 1-2 of Sobekhotep III.
The Papyrus Brooklyn 35.1446 Insertion B mentions an unnamed Reporter of the Southern City ([wḥmw] n njwt rsj (...)) and Ankhu with the titles Overseer of the City, Vizier, Overseer of the Six Great Courts ([jmj-rꜣ] njwt; ṯꜣtj; jmj-rꜣ ḥwt-wrt 6 ꜥnḫw). [11]
The Papyrus Brooklyn 35.1446 Insertion C is dated to Year 6 of an unnamed king. It mentions an unnamed Reporter of the Southern City (wḥmw n njwt rsj), an unnamed Sealbearer of the King and Overseer of the Field of the Southern City (ḫtmw-bjtj; jmj-rꜣ ꜣḥwt n njwt rst [...]-ꜥw) and Ankhu with the titles Overseer of the City, Vizier, Overseer of the Six Great Courts (jmj-rꜣ njwt; ṯꜣtj; jmj-rꜣ ḥwt-wrt 6 ꜥnḫw). [12]
At Abydos, the Stele of Amenyseneb mentioning vizier Ankhu. [13] This is notable, because another Stele of Amenyseneb (C11) can be associated with Khendjer.
Translation: (2) An offering that the king gives to Osiris, who is in charge of the westerners, great god, lord of Abydos to give an invocation of offerings of bread, milk, oxen, birds, glory and power (3) in the necropolis for the ka of the administrator of the phylum of priests of Abydos, Amenyseneb, justified, whom W'emkau fathered, (4) to whom the lady of the house Nebetit gave birth. He says: The vizier's scribe Seneb (cf. Resseneb), son of the vizier, came to (5) notify me (with) a message from the vizier. so i went with him (6) and I found the overseer of the city and vizier Ankhu in his office. Then he gave an officer a commission (7) to me saying: Behold, it is commanded that you have the temple of Abydos cleansed. They will be given (8) to you craftsmen for their execution and priests of the temples of this district and of the granary of (9) divine offerings. So I have made it clean from bottom to top and on its walls on the outside (10) and inside; painters fill with paints on the pictures and on the plaster (11) renewing what the king of Upper and Lower Egypt Kheperkare did, justified. So 'the shining protector' (12) traveled to take his throne in this temple and the deputy overseer of the treasury Sa-inheret accompanied (13) him. Then he thanked me much more than all things saying: 'May he be prosperous who has done this for (14) his God. So he gave me an amount of 10 debens equipped with date cakes and half a veal. So (15) a cabin officer traveled north. The works were then inspected (16) Then he rejoiced over it much more than over all things. - From spanish translation by Ángel Sánchez Rodríguez
At the Dra Abu el-Naga (Thebes), the Shaft Tomb of Ankhu was found at a family necropolis with 30 shaft tombs dating to the early Thirteenth Dynasty. Inside was a 10 ton pink granite sarcophagus with his name. [14] In another of the shaft tombs was a funerary stela beloning to a deputy minister, which had the cartouche of Sobekhotep II. [15] [16]
Ankhu served at least under two, perhaps even under five, kings of the 13th Dynasty. His situation illustrates that during this period the viziers were the real power behind weak kings. The kings were only in power for a short period, while the viziers remained in power for longer periods. [17] [18]
Userkare Khendjer was a minor king of the early Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt during the Middle Kingdom. Khendjer possibly reigned for four to five years, archaeological attestations show that he was on the throne for at least three or four years three months and five days. Khendjer had a small pyramid built for himself in Saqqara and it is therefore likely that his capital was in Memphis.
The Thirteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt was a series of rulers from approximately 1803 BC until approximately 1649 BC, i.e. for 154 years. It is often classified as the final dynasty of the Middle Kingdom, but some historians instead group it in the Second Intermediate Period.
Khasekhemre Neferhotep I was an Egyptian pharaoh of the mid Thirteenth Dynasty ruling in the second half of the 18th century BC during a time referred to as the late Middle Kingdom or early Second Intermediate Period, depending on the scholar. One of the best attested rulers of the 13th Dynasty, Neferhotep I reigned for 11 years.
Khutawyre Wegaf was a pharaoh of the early Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt in the late Middle Kingdom/Second Intermediate Period. He is known from several sources, including a stele and statues. In the Turin King List he is the first ruler of this dynasty with a reign of 2 regnal years.
Khaneferre Sobekhotep IV was one of the more powerful Egyptian kings of the 13th Dynasty, who reigned at least eight years. His brothers, Neferhotep I and Sihathor, were his predecessors on the throne, the latter having only ruled as coregent for a few months.
Sekhemre Khutawy Amenemhat Sobekhotep was an Egyptian pharaoh of the early 13th Dynasty.
Intefiqer(ỉnỉ-ỉt.f ỉqr) was an ancient Egyptian high official with the titles overseer of the city and Vizier under king Amenemhet I and his son Senusret I, during the early 12th Dynasty.
Iymeru Neferkare was the ancient Egyptian vizier under king Sobekhotep IV in the 13th Dynasty, in the Second Intermediate Period.
Aya was an ancient Egyptian king's wife of the early Thirteenth Dynasty.
Senebi was an ancient Egyptian treasurer under the 13th Dynasty kings Neferhotep I and Sobekhotep IV. Senebi belongs to the best attested officials of the 13th Dynasty.
The Papyrus Boulaq 18 is an ancient Egyptian administrative document. It contains an account of the Theban palace dating to the 13th Dynasty. The papyrus lists the palace officials and the rations they received day by day. Important officials mentioned are, for example, the vizier Ankhu, but also the queen Aya. Therefore, the document is of great historical importance. It also reports the journey of the king to the temple at Medamud and reports the arrival of a delegation of Nubians.
Senewosret-Ankh {s-n-wsrt-ꜥnḫ/snfrw} was an ancient Egyptian vizier of the Middle Kingdom, dating to the end of the Twelfth or to the beginning of the Thirteenth Dynasty.
Zamonth or Samont was an ancient Egyptian vizier who is thought to have been in office during the reign of Amenemhat III, at the end of the Twelfth Dynasty.
This page list topics related to ancient Egypt.
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Resseneb was a short-lived vizier in Upper Egypt during the 13th Dynasty, preceded by his father, the famous Ankhu, and succeeded by his brother Iymeru.
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