Annular erythema of infancy

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Annular erythema of infancy
Erythema annulare centrifugum.JPG
Erythema annulare centrifugum.
Specialty Dermatology

Annular erythema of infancy(AEI) consists of self-limited eruptions of erythematous, annular to polycyclic patches and plaques. It is an idiopathic figurate erythema. [1] Over several days, a single lesion disappears without leaving behind any scale or hyperpigmentation. Mostly affecting the trunk, face, and extremities, this rash has no symptoms. The diagnosis of AEI is made through a combination of histopathologic and clinical examinations. [2] The disease first manifests in infancy, and if treatment is not received, the periodic eruptions usually stop after the first year of life. [3]

Contents

Signs and symptoms

Urticarial papules or slowly growing, raised-bordered annular or circinate erythematous plaques are found upon physical examination. Lesions are located on the face, trunk, and extremities, and the condition is asymptomatic. Individual lesions heal in a few days however, new ones keep coming up until the skin fully clears up, which happens at about a year of age. At that point, the skin looks completely normal. [4]

Causes

Although the exact cause of AEI is unknown, a hypersensitivity reaction to an unidentified antigen is believed to be involved. [2]

Diagnosis

Histologic findings include perivascular lymphocyte infiltrates and either neutrophils or eosinophils; they are nonspecific. [1]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Peterson Jr, A O; Jarratt, M (March 1981). "Annular erythema of infancy" . Archives of Dermatology. 117 (3). JAMA: 145–148. doi:10.1001/archderm.1981.01650030023012. PMID   7212726 . Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  2. 1 2 Kingsley, Jacob T.; Lee, Erica B.; Adams, Jennifer L. (2022). "A case of annular erythema of infancy accompanied by elevated tryptase". Pediatric Dermatology. 39 (5): 748–751. doi:10.1111/pde.15037. ISSN   0736-8046. PMC   9795958 . PMID   35859272.
  3. ↑ KA, Arnold; J, Gao; SL, Stein (2019). "A review of cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in infants: From common to concerning". Pediatric Dermatology. 36 (3). Pediatr Dermatol: 274–282. doi: 10.1111/pde.13827 . ISSN   1525-1470. PMC   7167752 . PMID   31025427.
  4. ↑ Toledo-Alberola, F.; Betlloch-Mas, I. (January 1, 2010). "Annular Erythema of Infancy". Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition). 101 (6). Elsevier Doyma: 473–484. doi: 10.1016/S1578-2190(10)70832-5 . ISSN   1578-2190. PMID   20738966.

Further reading

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