Related Research Articles
Chromatin remodeling is the dynamic modification of chromatin architecture to allow access of condensed genomic DNA to the regulatory transcription machinery proteins, and thereby control gene expression. Such remodeling is principally carried out by 1) covalent histone modifications by specific enzymes, e.g., histone acetyltransferases (HATs), deacetylases, methyltransferases, and kinases, and 2) ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes which either move, eject or restructure nucleosomes. Besides actively regulating gene expression, dynamic remodeling of chromatin imparts an epigenetic regulatory role in several key biological processes, egg cells DNA replication and repair; apoptosis; chromosome segregation as well as development and pluripotency. Aberrations in chromatin remodeling proteins are found to be associated with human diseases, including cancer. Targeting chromatin remodeling pathways is currently evolving as a major therapeutic strategy in the treatment of several cancers.
Transcription activator BRG1 also known as ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler SMARCA4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCA4 gene.
Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3A gene.
SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCB1 gene.
Probable global transcription activator SNF2L2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCA2 gene.
SJQ/SMB-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCA5 gene.
SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCC1 gene.
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHD3 gene.
SATB1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SATB1 gene.
SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCC2 gene.
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHD4 gene.
Metastasis-associated protein MTA2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTA2 gene.
Nucleosome-remodeling factor subunit BPTF is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BPTF gene.
Tyrosine-protein kinase, or Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 1B (BAZ1B) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BAZ1B gene.
Protein polybromo-1 (PB1) also known as BRG1-associated factor 180 (BAF180) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PBRM1 gene.
Probable global transcription activator SNF2L1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCA1 gene.
DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLE3 gene.
Bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain protein 2A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BAZ2A gene.
ISWI or imitation SWI is a protein found in the common fruit fly). It is the first ATPase subunit which has been isolated in the ISWI chromatin remodeling family. This protein presents high level of similarity to the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling family in the ATPase domain. Outside the ATPase domain ISWI loses the similarity with the member of the SWI/SNF family, possessing a SANT domain instead of the bromodomain. The protein ISWI can interact with several proteins giving three different chromatin-remodeling complexes in Drosophila melanogaster: NURF, CHRAC and ACF.
In molecular biology, the WAC domain is a protein domain found on the N-terminus of WSTF protein. Its function is still unknown, but putatively thought to be involved in cell growth. The protein domain has been found to be present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
References
- 1 2 Jones MH, Hamana N, Nezu J, Shimane M (Apr 2000). "A novel family of bromodomain genes". Genomics. 63 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.6071. PMID 10662543.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: BAZ1A bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 1A".
- 1 2 Bochar DA, Savard J, Wang W, Lafleur DW, Moore P, Côté J, Shiekhattar R (February 2000). "A family of chromatin remodeling factors related to Williams syndrome transcription factor". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (3): 1038–43. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.1038B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.3.1038 . PMC 15513 . PMID 10655480.
- 1 2 3 Poot RA, Dellaire G, Hülsmann BB, Grimaldi MA, Corona DF, Becker PB, Bickmore WA, Varga-Weisz PD (July 2000). "HuCHRAC, a human ISWI chromatin remodelling complex contains hACF1 and two novel histone-fold proteins". EMBO J. 19 (13): 3377–87. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.13.3377. PMC 313940 . PMID 10880450.
- ↑ Collins N, Poot RA, Kukimoto I, García-Jiménez C, Dellaire G, Varga-Weisz PD (December 2002). "An ACF1-ISWI chromatin-remodeling complex is required for DNA replication through heterochromatin". Nat. Genet. 32 (4): 627–32. doi:10.1038/ng1046. PMID 12434153. S2CID 22545162.
- ↑ Bozhenok, Ludmila; Wade Paul A; Varga-Weisz Patrick (May 2002). "WSTF–ISWI chromatin remodeling complex targets heterochromatic replication foci". EMBO J. England. 21 (9): 2231–41. doi:10.1093/emboj/21.9.2231. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 125993 . PMID 11980720.
- 1 2 Yasui, Dag; Miyano Masaru; Cai Shutao; Varga-Weisz Patrick; Kohwi-Shigematsu Terumi (Oct 2002). "SATB1 targets chromatin remodelling to regulate genes over long distances". Nature . England. 419 (6907): 641–5. Bibcode:2002Natur.419..641Y. doi:10.1038/nature01084. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 12374985. S2CID 25822700.
- ↑ Hakimi, Mohamed-Ali; Bochar Daniel A; Schmiesing John A; Dong Yuanshu; Barak Orr G; Speicher David W; Yokomori Kyoko; Shiekhattar Ramin (Aug 2002). "A chromatin remodelling complex that loads cohesin onto human chromosomes". Nature . England. 418 (6901): 994–8. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..994H. doi:10.1038/nature01024. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 12198550. S2CID 4344470.
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