The Chinese Communist Party (CCP),officially the Communist Party of China (CPC),is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong,the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang. In 1949,Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Since then,the CCP has governed China and has had sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Successive leaders of the CCP have added their own theories to the party's constitution,which outlines the party's ideology,collectively referred to as socialism with Chinese characteristics. As of 2024,the CCP has more than 99 million members,making it the second largest political party by membership in the world after India's Bharatiya Janata Party.
Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese statesman,revolutionary,and political theorist who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1989. In the aftermath of Mao Zedong's death in 1976,Deng succeeded in consolidating power to lead China through a period of Reform and Opening Up that transformed its economy into a socialist market economy. He is widely regarded as the "Architect of Modern China" for his contributions to socialism with Chinese characteristics and Deng Xiaoping Theory.
Mao Zedong,also known as Chairman Mao,was a Chinese politician,revolutionary,and political theorist who founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) and led the country from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. Mao also served as the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1943 until his death,and as the party's de facto leader from 1935. His theories,which he advocated as a Chinese adaptation of Marxism–Leninism,are known as Maoism.
Zhou Enlai was a Chinese statesman,diplomat,and revolutionary who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China (PRC) from 1949 until his death in 1976,and concurrently as Foreign Minister from 1949 to 1958. Zhou was key figure in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and ally of Mao Zedong during the Chinese Civil War,later helping consolidate its control,form its foreign policy,and develop the economy.
The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China and the forces of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),with armed conflict continuing intermittently from 1 August 1927 until Communist victory resulted in their total control over mainland China on 7 December 1949.
The Long March was a military retreat by the Chinese Red Army and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from advancing Kuomintang forces during the Chinese Civil War,occurring between October 1934 and October 1935. About 100,000 troops retreated from the Jiangxi Soviet and other bases to a new headquarters in Yan'an,Shaanxi,traversing some 6,000 miles. About 8,000 troops ultimately survived the Long March.
Liu Mingzhao,courtesy name Bocheng,more commonly known as Liu Bocheng,was a Chinese military commander and a Marshal of the People's Republic of China.
The Zunyi Conference was a meeting of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in January 1935 during the Long March. This meeting involved a power struggle between the leadership of Bo Gu and Otto Braun and the opposition led by Mao Zedong. The result was that Mao left the meeting in position to take over military command and become the leader of the Communist Party. The conference was completely unacknowledged until the 1950s and still no detailed descriptions were available until the fiftieth anniversary in 1985.
Anarchism in China was a strong intellectual force in the reform and revolutionary movements in the early 20th century. In the years before and just after the overthrow of the Qing dynasty Chinese anarchists insisted that a true revolution could not be political,replacing one government with another,but had to overthrow traditional culture and create new social practices,especially in the family. "Anarchism" was translated into Chinese as 無政府主義literally,"the doctrine of no government."
The Shanghai massacre of 12 April 1927,the April 12 Purge or the April 12 Incident as it is commonly known in China,was the violent suppression of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organizations and leftist elements in Shanghai by forces supporting General Chiang Kai-shek and conservative factions in the Kuomintang. Following the incident,conservative KMT elements carried out a full-scale purge of communists in all areas under their control,and violent suppression occurred in Guangzhou and Changsha. The purge led to an open split between left-wing and right-wing factions in the KMT,with Chiang Kai-shek establishing himself as the leader of the right-wing faction based in Nanjing,in opposition to the original left-wing KMT government based in Wuhan,which was led by Wang Jingwei. By 15 July 1927,the Wuhan regime had expelled the Communists in its ranks,effectively ending the First United Front,a working alliance of both the KMT and CCP under the tutelage of Comintern agents. For the rest of 1927,the CCP would fight to regain power,beginning the Autumn Harvest Uprising. With the failure and the crushing of the Guangzhou Uprising at Guangzhou however,the power of the Communists was largely diminished,unable to launch another major urban offensive.
The history of the Chinese Communist Party began with its establishment in July 1921. A study group led by Peking University professors Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao to discuss Marxism,led to intellectuals officially founding the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in July 1921. In 1923,Sun Yat-sen invited the CCP to form a United Front,and to join his nationalist party,the Kuomintang (KMT),in Canton for training under representatives of the Communist International,the Soviet Union's international organization. The Soviet representatives reorganized both parties into Leninist parties. Rather than the loose organization that characterized the two parties until then,the Leninist party operated on the principle of democratic centralism,in which the collective leadership set standards for membership and an all-powerful Central Committee determined the party line,which all members must follow.
Wei Guoqing was a Chinese government official,military officer and political commissar of Zhuang ethnicity. He served as the Chairman of Guangxi from 1958 to 1975 and on the Chinese Communist Party's Politburo (1973–1982) and as Director of the People's Liberation Army's General Political Department (1977–1982). Wei was one of the few members of the 9th,10th,11th and 12th Central Committees (1969–1987) and the 10th through 12th politburos not purged during the Cultural Revolution or Deng Xiaoping's backlash. He was also a Vice Chair of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (1975–1989) and of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (1964–1983).
Zhang Yunyi,was a Communist revolutionary and military strategist of the People’s Republic of China. Born in Wenchang,Hainan,he joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1926,and took part in the Northern Expedition,the Nanchang Uprising,the Baise Uprising,the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. Zhang held the posts of the army commander of the 7th Red Army,the assistant staff officer of the Military Commission of the Central Committee of the CCP,the commander of a military area,etc.,and was named one of the ten Senior Generals in 1955. The Zhang Yunyi Memorial Hall is located in Wenchang,Hainan Province.
The Chinese Communist Revolution was a social revolution in China that began in 1927 and culminated with the proclamation of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. The revolution was led by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),which afterwards became the ruling party of China. The revolution resulted in major social changes within China and has been looked at as a model by revolutionary Communist movements in other countries.
Student demonstrations took place in a number of Chinese cities from December 1986 until mid-January 1987. The demonstrations started in the city of Hefei before spreading to other cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing. The movement was heavily influenced by the Chinese intellectuals Fang Lizhi and Wang Ruowang,who were critical of the Chinese government's lack of political reforms. The demonstrations quickly dissipated by mid-January before achieving any of its stated goals. The lack of response from Hu Yaobang,who was the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) at the time,would result in his removal from power on January 15,1987,and his replacement by Zhao Ziyang.
Ye Jizhuang was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and politician nicknamed the "Red Manager". He served as the logistics head of the Red Army during the Long March and of the Yan'an Communist headquarters during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In 1945,he was among the first three officers awarded the rank of lieutenant general by the Chinese Communist Party,together with Peng Zhen and Chen Yun. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,he served as the country's first Minister of Trade and then Minister of Foreign Trade until his death in 1967.
Li Qiang was a Chinese Communist revolutionary,military engineer,secret agent,radio scientist,diplomat,and politician. He served as the 2nd Minister of Foreign Trade of China from November 1973 to September 1981,and was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.
The Chiang-Gui War was a military conflict between the Nationalist government of Chiang Kai-shek against the warlord army of the New Guangxi clique that lasted from March until June 1929. A later conflict,the 2nd Chiang Gui-War,occurred between the two opposing factions in November and December of the same year.
The Longzhou Uprising was an armed Chinese Communist Party uprising during the early years of the Chinese Civil War that took place in Longzhou County,Guangxi. Following on the heels of the Baise Uprising that had created the You River Soviet to its north,the uprising began on 2 February 1930,and established the Zuo River Soviet in eight counties of southwest Guangxi. It was led by the Guangxi Front Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),including Li Mingrui and Deng Xiaoping. Its military forces were organized into the Eighth Red Army under Yu Zuoyu (俞作豫). The uprising was suppressed within only a few months by the Nationalist Army with help from French bombers operating out of French Indochina. The survivors joined the You River Soviet.
The following is a topical outline of English Wikipedia articles about the history of the Chinese Civil War (1912–1949)
Chinese Red Army 
Li Zongren 
