Barraute, Quebec

Barraute
Barraute
	Municipality
	Location within Abitibi RCM.
	Barraute Location in western Quebec.
	Coordinates: 48°26′N77°38′W / 48.433°N 77.633°W Coordinates: 48°26′N77°38′W / 48.433°N 77.633°W [1]
Country	Canada
Province	Quebec
Region	Abitibi-Témiscamingue
RCM	Abitibi
Settled	1910s
Constituted	January 5, 1994
Government [2]
• Mayor	Yvan Roy
• Federal riding	Abitibi—Témiscamingue
• Prov. riding	Abitibi-Ouest
Area [2] [3]
• Total	504.10 km2 (194.63 sq mi)
• Land	497.97 km2 (192.27 sq mi)
Population (2011) [3]
• Total	1,980
• Density	4.0/km2 (10/sq mi)
• Pop 2006-2011	4.0%
• Dwellings	986
Time zone	UTC−05:00 (EST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−04:00 (EDT)
Postal code(s)	J0Y 1A0
Area code(s)	819
Highways	Route 386 ; Route 397

Last updated August 18, 2019

Barraute is a municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the Abitibi Regional County Municipality.

The provinces and territories of Canada are sub-national governments within the geographical areas of Canada under the authority of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America—New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada —were united to form a federated colony, becoming a sovereign nation in the next century. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times, and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories. Together, the provinces and territories make up the world's second-largest country by area.

Quebec is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is bordered to the west by the province of Ontario and the bodies of water James Bay and Hudson Bay; to the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador; and to the south by the province of New Brunswick and the US states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York. It also shares maritime borders with Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia. Quebec is Canada's largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division; only the territory of Nunavut is larger. It is historically and politically considered to be part of Central Canada.

Abitibi Regional County Municipality is a regional county municipality in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec. The seat is Amos.

History

Colonization began after the completion of the National Transcontinental Railway through the Abitibi region. In 1916, the family of Uldéric Hardy arrived, followed by a further 20 in 1917 and, by 1918, the place had a total of some 30 families. The new settlement was initially called Natagan, taken from the Natagan River, a First Nations name that means "winding waters." In 1917, the Natagan River Post Office opened, renamed to Barraute in 1919.^[1]

The National Transcontinental Railway (NTR) was a historic railway between Winnipeg and Moncton in Canada. Much of the line is now operated by the Canadian National Railway.

In Canada, the First Nations are the predominant indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic Circle. Those in the Arctic area are distinct and known as Inuit. The Métis, another distinct ethnicity, developed after European contact and relations primarily between First Nations people and Europeans. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands spread across Canada, roughly half of which are in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia.

In 1918, the United Township Municipality of Fiedmont-et-Barraute was formed, incorporating the geographic townships of Fiedmont and Barraute (proclaimed in 1916). Pierre-Jean Bachoie, called Barraute (1723-1760), was an officer of the Régiment de Béarn in the army of General Montcalm and member of the Order of Saint Louis. Fiedmont likewise was an officer of the army of Montcalm.^[1]

The Régiment de Béarn was a French Army regiment active in the 18th century. It is principally known for its role in the Seven Years' War, when it served in the North American theatre.

Louis-Joseph de Montcalm-Grozon, marquis de Montcalm de Saint-Veran was a French soldier best known as the commander of the forces in North America during the Seven Years' War.

The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April 1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis. It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the first decoration that could be granted to non-nobles. By the authorities of the French Republic, it is considered a predecessor of the Legion of Honour, with which it shares the red ribbon.

In 1948, a portion of the municipal territory separated and was incorporated as the Village Municipality of Barraute. In 1950, zinc and silver mines began operating, that in addition to its favourable location along the railroad and Laflamme River (a tributary of the Bell River), contributed to the local prosperity. In 1951, the United Township Municipality of Fiedmont-et-Barraute changed status to just municipality. But the closure of the zinc and silver mines in 1957, as well as the closure in 1965 of Canada's only lithium mine in neighbouring La Corne, dealt a blow to the economy of Barraute.^[1]

The Bell River is a tributary of the south shore of Lake Matagami, which flows into the Nottaway River, a tributary of Rupert Bay. The Bell River flows into the Abitibi-Témiscamingue and Eeyou Istchee Baie-James regions in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, in Quebec, in Canada.

Lithium is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and must be stored in mineral oil. When cut, it exhibits a metallic luster, but moist air corrodes it quickly to a dull silvery gray, then black tarnish. It never occurs freely in nature, but only in compounds, such as pegmatitic minerals, which were once the main source of lithium. Due to its solubility as an ion, it is present in ocean water and is commonly obtained from brines. Lithium metal is isolated electrolytically from a mixture of lithium chloride and potassium chloride.

La Corne is a municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec in Abitibi Regional County Municipality.

In 1978, the Town of Barville (incorporated in 1953) was merged into the Municipality of Fiedmont-et-Barraute and, in 1994, the Municipalities of Fiedmont-et-Barraute and Barraute were regrouped into the new Municipality of Barraute.^[1]

Economy

In 2012, Quebec Lithium Corp. reopened Quebec Lithium Mine, which had operated as an underground mine from 1955 to 1965. They are planning to carve an open pit mine over pegmatite dikes. (The pegmatite is about 1% lithium carbonate.) The mine is about 60 km (37 mi) north of Val-d'Or, 38 km (24 mi) southeast of Amos, and 15 km (9.3 mi) west of Barraute. Access to the mine is via paved road from Val-d'Or.^[5]

Quebec Lithium Mine was a lithium mine in Quebec, Canada. The deposit was discovered in 1942 by Georges H. Dumont.

A pegmatite is an igneous rock, formed underground, with interlocking crystals usually larger than 2.5 cm in size (1 in). Most pegmatites are found in sheets of rock near large masses of igneous rocks called batholiths.

Lithium carbonate is an inorganic compound, the lithium salt of carbonate with the formula Li^₂CO^₃. This white salt is widely used in the processing of metal oxides and treatment of mood disorder.

Demographics

Population trend:^[6]

Population in 2011: 1980 (2006 to 2011 population change: -4.0%)
Population in 2006: 2062
Population in 2001: 2010
Population in 1996: 2134
Population in 1991: 2200

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 876 (total dwellings: 986)

Mother tongue:^[7]

English as first language: 5.2%
French as first language: 94.1%
English and French as first language: 0%
Other as first language: 0.7%

Municipal council

Mayor: Lionel Pelchat
Councillors: Gaétan Alain, Stéphane Alain, Michel Auger, Nancy Habel, Marc Hardy, Michel Leclerc

Related Research Articles

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The Des Aulnes River is a tributary of the west bank of the Laflamme river, flowing in the municipality of Barraute, in the regional county municipality (MRC) of Abitibi, in the administrative region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada. His course is entirely in Barraute Township.

References

1 2 3 4 5 "Barraute (Municipalité)" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. Retrieved 2011-01-11.
1 2 "Barraute". Répertoire des municipalités (in French). Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire. Archived from the original on 2012-06-04. Retrieved 2011-01-11.
1 2 "Barraute census profile". 2011 Census data . Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-01-11.
↑ "Mont-Vidéo ski maps". skimap.org. Retrieved 2013-03-07.
↑ "Quebec Lithium". Canada Lithium Corp. Archived from the original on 2013-03-10. Retrieved 2013-03-07.
↑ Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
↑ "Barraute community profile". 2006 Census data . Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-01-11.

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[toponymie-1] 1 2 3 4 5 "Barraute (Municipalité)" (in French). Commission de toponymie du Québec. Retrieved 2011-01-11.

[mamrot-2] 1 2 "Barraute". Répertoire des municipalités (in French). Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire. Archived from the original on 2012-06-04. Retrieved 2011-01-11.

[cp2011-3] 1 2 "Barraute census profile". 2011 Census data . Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-01-11.

[skimap-4] "Mont-Vidéo ski maps". skimap.org. Retrieved 2013-03-07.

[CanLith-5] "Quebec Lithium". Canada Lithium Corp. Archived from the original on 2013-03-10. Retrieved 2013-03-07.

[6] Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census

[SC06-7] "Barraute community profile". 2006 Census data . Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2011-01-11.

v t e Subdivisions of Abitibi Regional County Municipality
Towns	Amos
Municipalities	Barraute Berry Champneuf La Corne La Morandière La Motte Preissac Rochebaucourt Saint-Dominique-du-Rosaire Sainte-Gertrude-Manneville Saint-Félix-de-Dalquier Saint-Mathieu-d'Harricana
Townships	Landrienne Launay Trécesson
Parishes	Saint-Marc-de-Figuery
Unorganized territories	Lac-Chicobi Lac-Despinassy
Regional County Municipalities (RCM): in Abitibi-Témiscamingue: Abitibi Abitibi-Ouest La Vallée-de-l'Or Témiscamingue Independent Cities: Rouyn-Noranda Native Reserves: Kebaowek Lac-Simon Pikogan Timiskaming