Biblis Airfield

Biblis Airfield (Y-78)
Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany Biblis Airfield Biblis Airfield (Germany)
Coordinates	49°40′44″N008°27′05″E / 49.67889°N 8.45139°E / 49.67889; 8.45139 Coordinates: 49°40′44″N008°27′05″E / 49.67889°N 8.45139°E / 49.67889; 8.45139
Type	Military Airfield
Site information
Controlled by	United States Army Air Forces
Site history
Built	1945
Built by	IX Engineering Command
In use	April–July 1945
Materials	SOD/SMT

Biblis Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield located in Germany, approximately 5 miles northeast of Worms (Rheinland-Pfalz); approximately 300 miles southwest of Berlin.

Bibliser Airfield was built by the United States Army Air Forces at the site of a Wehrmacht Army Barracks (Biblis Kaserne). It was also the first USAAF airfield to be built in support of Seventh Army operations east of the Rhine River after two divisions crossed the river near Worms on 26 March 1945. It was a vital airfield used in the encirclement of the Ruhr Pocket during the Western Allied invasion of Germany, in which more than 300,000 German troops were taken prisoner

After being closed in July 1945, the facility was abandoned. Today it is the site of a sports complex to the south of Biblis.

History

The airfield was laid out very quickly at a captured German Army Barracks (Kaserne), just to the south of Biblis after the Rhine crossing. The 850th Engineer Aviation Battalion arrived at the site on 1 April 1945 and on 2 April they had laid down a 5,000-foot (1,500 m) square-mesh track and sod runway, using the captured army buildings as a support area. The airfield was designated as Advanced Landing Ground "Y-78 Biblis " ^[1]

The Twelfth Air Force 27th Fighter Bomber Group moved in almost immediately with its A-36 Apache ground-attack aircraft (a version of the P-51C Mustang optimized for ground support) and began flying missions in the Ruhr. ^[2] The 27th attacked enemy troop formations, motorized vehicles, armored vehicles and bridges to keep the German forces pinned down while the United States First and Ninth Armies moved up to meet the British XXIst Army Group coming down from the north. By 4 April the encirclement was complete, and for the next two weeks the pocket was made smaller and smaller, eventually forcing the surrender of over 300,000 German troops and their equipment.

The victory in the Ruhr essentially eliminated serious opposition by the German Armed forces in Western Germany and afterward American ground forces swept east into Central Germany and Southern Germany, while British and Commonwealth forces moved into northern Germany against little organized resistance.

The 27th Fighter Bomber Group continued operations from Biblis supporting American forces as they advanced through Germany until the end of combat on 7 May. The unit remained at the airfield until the end of June when it returned to the United States. The airfield was closed in July and abandoned. ^[3]

After the war, the area was completely reconstructed and all of the military buildings, and airfield were removed. The airfield's antenna is now used by an American/German Radio surrounded by plantation fields and a small forest where once stood the maneuver area and hangars. The airfield's HQ now shelters a restaurant, stables for horse riding and training.

See also

• World War II portal

• Advanced Landing Ground

References

 This article incorporates  public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency website http://www.afhra.af.mil/ .

1. "IX Engineer Command ETO Airfields, Airfield Layout". Archived from the original on 2019-06-09. Retrieved 2009-10-11.
2. Maurer, Maurer. Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. ISBN   0-89201-092-4.
3. Johnson, David C. (1988), U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO), D-Day to V-E Day; Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, Alabama.